Causes Respiratory And Metabolic Diseases Essay

| This is important because we need to look at the relevant data and realize that she seems to be in distress and first take care of that. Also realize that she seems to have an infection. With this information we are able to prioritize

Identify the disease process presented by the case study as well as the normal structure and function of the organ system and/or physiological process.

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Because the PCO2 levels are too high the body is not getting the adequate amount of oxygen. This means the oxygen-carrying hemoglobin is not working properly do to the excessive amounts carbon dioxide causing respiratory acidosis.

When your blood pH being alkaline, you experience respiratory alkalosis. The co2 levels drop in your blood which causes complications.

The normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45. Allen’s blood was acidotic due to a decrease in lung expansion and an alteration in the perfusion to his spinal cord. He also has an alteration in spinal innervation to the respiratory muscles including the phrenic nerve that controls the diaphragm. This would further cause Allen to not be able to adequately take in enough oxygen and blow off enough CO2 to adequately have gas exchange, within the alveoli. Respiratory failure.

The topic is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). It is an umbrella term used for respiratory disorders such as chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is a serious condition that restricts airflow to the lungs and is not fully reversible. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Australia. More than 1 in 20 Australians over 55 have COPD and is also the fifth leading cause of death. There is also a rate of 1,008 per 100,000 of the population aged 55 and over being hospitalized for the condition. The rates among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders compared with non-indigenous Australians are 2.5 times as high (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2016). There is no cure however; the management can slow the disease progression and is therefore crucial to the quality of life of patients.

The respiratory system is a complex organ structure of the human body anatomy, and the primary purpose of this system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood vessels to carry the precious gaseous element to all parts of the body to accomplish cell respiration. The respiratory system completes this important function of breathing throughout inspiration. In the breathing process inhaling oxygen is essential for cells to metabolize nutrients and carry out some other tasks, but it must occur simultaneously with exhaling when the carbon dioxide is excreted, this exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood (McGowan, Jefferies & Turley, 2004).

I would tell the doctor to stop if he didn’t start and grab a manual ventilator and try to find a replacement mechanical ventilator.

Assuming that enough time has passed for the renal system to fully compensate for respiratory alkalosis, would you expect PCO2 levels to increase or decrease? Would you expect blood pH levels to increase or decrease? The Pco2 levels would increase as the HCO3- is excreted through the urine and the renal system pumps H+ back into the blood. This would cause the pH levels to decrease to within homeostasis range.

High pH is alkalosis, low pH is acidosis.. Next you look at carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. Bicarbonate will go the same way as pH. So if the pH is high then the bicarbonate will be up, if the pH is low then the bicarbonate will be low. Carbon dioxide is the opposite. If the pH is high then the carbon dioxide is low, if the ph is low then the carbon dioxide is high ( Fournier, 2011).

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a non-preventable inflammatory neurodegenerative demyelinating disease. The pathogenesis of MS is a debatable topic and still needs to be better understood. (1,3) .

The pH of the blood is normally 7.35 to 7.45 it only takes a small change in the pH of the body to cause severe injury or death. The higher the pH the more alkaline the blood. When the oxygen and carbon dioxide change at high altitudes, the bodies system adjusts to regulate carbon dioxide while maintaining the correct pH in the body. Substances in blood plasma react with the excess carbon dioxide this increases the rate and depth of breathing to speed up the rate at which carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream. Breathing exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. Carbon Dioxide is fundamentally a waste product of the body. The level of C02 in the blood is the most significant stimulus on the regulation

I will be talking about which of the two, smoking or genetics has the bigger influence upon developing lung disease. Examples of lung disease include: asthma; emphysema; pulmonary fibrosis and tuberculosis. Lungs are a vital body organ, they allow oxygen to be transported into red blood cells which then pass on the oxygen to cells all around the body to help them to respire. Damage to the lungs can lead to diseases such as emphysema, these diseases can lead to abnormal functioning in the lungs, for example in emphysema lung tissue is damaged and it loses its elasticity this leads to the alveoli not being able to recoil efficiently so the alveoli find it harder to move air out, this leads to the lungs not being able to supply enough oxygen to the red blood cells and so can cause other cells to die.

Metabolic acidosis results from all conditions that decrease the pH of the body fluids below 7.35 and HCO3- levels are <22 mEq/L, with the exception of conditions resulting from altered function of the respiratory system. As hydrogen ions accumulate in the body fluids, buffers first resist a decline in pH. If the buffers cannot compensate for the increase in hydrogen ions, the respiratory center helps regulate the body fluid pH. The reduced pH stimulates the respiratory center, which causes hyperventilation. During hyperventilation, carbon dioxide is eliminated at a greater rate. The elimination of carbon dioxide also eliminates excess hydrogen ions and helps maintain the pH of the body fluids within a normal range. (Angus, 2006)