Essay about Causes of Unemployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina

It would be convenient to start this research paper by stating that corruption is a challenge mainly for businesses in developing countries and that it is unrelated to the current affliction of the economy in the United States. It would also be convenient to claim corruption has declined in America as a result of awareness raising campaigns and the numerous anti-corruption laws. But none of those aforementioned statements would be true. Corruption is not the exception, but rather the rule in today’s business practices. In 2004, Daniel Kaufmann, a senior fellow at Brookings Institution and former director at the World Bank, calculated an index of "legally corrupt" manifestations which is defined as the extent of undue influence

This article involves all the countries in the world including Canada, in which these countries are ranked based off Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions. It states how and why countries are corrupt. It shows the readers how the scale is created, so they take factors like if the government is held responsible or go unpunished for corruption, or whether institutions respond to citizen’s needs. The index is only based on expert opinions in order to produce accurate results.

Corruption is merely any form of dishonesty or unethical misconduct from a per-son or an authority and the misapplication of power for private gain. Corruption is both a national and regional concern that has gained a great deal of attention due to its cata-strophic consequences. Nevertheless, corruption is not a newly born phenomenon, from ancient Greece to modern Japan it is tremendously inflexible to uncover a generation in history that did not confront any kind of corruption, especially now at the time of intense globalization, when companies have abundant opportunities of investment and trade than ever before. It is undeniable that countries and companies are becoming interde-pendent on one another, which highlights that any form of corruption,

The people of Bosnia and Herzegovina have had a tremendous history. The diversity of its people is not unlike that of the United States. In the United States there are many different cultures such as Hispanics, Germans, Italians, Jewish, Irish, and many more. These are the groups currently practicing in Bosnia: Bosnian Serbs, Bosnian Croats, Orthodox Catholics, and some smaller groups. A majority of the Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats are Muslim. There are three different churches in the country from the early twelve hundreds. Islam made its mark on the culture around 1463 when the Ottoman Turks overran the country. Most of the heritage in this country is based on a Slavic history

Many people believe that their job defines their place in society and that productive, con-tinuous work is one of the elements needed for a happy life. Therefore, when a person becomes unemployed, he/she may lose hope, disrupt relationships, become depressed or sick, and even su-icidal. “Long term unemployment can often be financially, emotionally, and psychologically de-structive” (Krulick). In order to maintain a place in society, a person must be able to pay bills, support a family, and contribute to the community. Unemployment in the United States is a ma-jor social problem; better plans should be started by the government to help reduce the

Results from BEEPS and the EBRD have also shown a direct negative correlation between levels of corruption and various economic and social indicators such as investment and growth, tax payments, poverty, inequality, and the credibility of the state. Together, this empirical evidence indicates the massive, negative impact that results from both types of corruption and identifies corruption as one of the leading causes of transition failure.

Corruption is a complex political, social, and economic anomaly that negatively affects developing and developed countries. It weakens democratic institutions, holds economic development, widening the rich-poor gap and certainly leads to governmental instability. The World Bank definition of corruption states that “…the abuse of public office for private gain”.

Sociologists study human society. Their studies include human behavior in many social contexts such as social interaction, social institutions and organization, social change and development (Abraham). Because of the broad spectrum of social circumstances that are studied, unemployment is an issue in which sociologists thrive. Conflict in the areas of age, race, gender, and disability is common among the employed as well as the unemployed.  From a sociological perspective, unemployment can be studied through both the Functionalist Theory and Conflict Theory.  It also touches upon the results of unemployment in societies and institutions such as family, education, government, and health. Unemployment affects almost everyone to some extent

One of the benefits of doing business with Bosnia is low cost labor, which draws many multinational enterprises and medium and small enterprises. Although workers are adequately productive, the costs of hiring them are very much high. Taxes, wages, and social security consumes two-thirds of the value an average worker produces. In the lowest-paying sections, the minimum wage alone consumes two-thirds of worker’s production. It may look decent that workers get to take home the fruits of their labor but this has difficulties that

Since some cultures tolerate corruption more than others. The level of tolerance is reflected it by the nature of the act to consider as legitimate cause. Also, there are some researches that blame the influence of the British colonial past as the differences between Protestants and Catholics. Another way to measurement corruption is to analyze those countries with economic success as its main goal of the government and the limitation of opportunities offered to the society; those countries usually ends with higher levels of corruption. We can see that social heterogeneity generates corruption too. the lack of efficiency and professionalism in the bureaucracy links to a tenancy of corruption amount the countries. Also, we cannot lead back the individual decision. That choice that each person is responsible for it. If the leader lacks from ethics, the rest of the organization will follow a corrupt and disturb management. Per the Index of Corruption Perceptions, the high-income industries show the least corruption level; in contrast, the lowest income countries have the most corruption. The United States was the 19th, Denmark and Zealand showed a little level of corruption, and North Korea and Somalia the highest level at

Corruption constitutes a significant part of politics in Eastern Europe to the extent that “talking about corruption is the way post- communist public talks about politics, economy about past and future” (Krastov, p 43). Transparency International defines corruption as “a misuse of public power for the private gain at the expense of the public good”. There are different types of corruption: bureaucratic, political –administrative, political legislative and judicial corruption. (Ott, p 72). Scholars introduced many potential explanations behind the astronomical levels of corruption in Central and Eastern Europe. In

Table 1. represents Serbian GDP per capita. The graph shows a small decline in 1991, marking the beginning of the war, probably due to the lack of demand from the former Yugoslav market. Then from 1992 to 1995 it rises as a result of war industry. Up to 2002(Milosevic’s rule) there has been a serious decline followed by a rebound to 2006. Although influenced by the world economic crisis, Serbian economics has recorded a steady rise from 2009.

Unemployment is an ongoing problem throughout the world. One may asked, what is unemployment? It is the number of persons who are willing and able to work but are unable to find jobs. Unemployment is harmful to a country because it imposes costs on a Society. The cost of employment to a nation can be categorised under three heading, namely

Unemployment is defined as a situation that occurs when a person is seeking employment but is unable to find work (Altbeker & Storme, 2013). Unemployment is a socio-economic challenge with economic costs that reduces economic wellbeing, reduces output and wears down human capital (Lie, 2007). Such a cost makes unemployment a high priority in South Africa (Bridgstock, 2009). The South African economy has been experiencing rising unemployment over many years. In 2011, the unemployment rate was at 24.2% and in 2013 it had increased to 25.2%, affecting the socio-economic status of communities and households in South Africa (Statistics South Africa, 2014).

Media reports on corruption are frequent, some are reported in print form, others are conveyed via news anchor reports, and still others are described through online blitzes. Whatever the form, corruption has become a common topic of news reports. Being such a common topic, it would be logical to presume that corruption has a global definition that crosses not only cultural lines, but also the boundaries of societies’ sectors. Although Calhoun (2011) defines corruption as actions taken by people in order to evade the established rules of a company or system or even to escape societal norms for personal gain, there exist varying levels and forms of corruption. These variations cause discrepancies not only in dealing with