CBI Holdings Case Summary

The auditor must remember that all information collected during the audit needs to be sufficient enough to further the audit process. The information must not only possess the two qualities, relevance and reliability, but it should also test various assertions. For instance, in the audit of Walmart, the auditor should make an attempt to acquire information such as financial statements from the company’s bank, as opposed to acquiring the statements from Walmart’s management. Taking such crucial information from Walmart’s management will put the reliability of that information into question. It is possible that management may manipulate the financial statements, so that they are more appealing to the public and investors. Management may do things

Compare the primary auditor objectives in auditing historical financial statements to auditing internal controls over financial reporting. Identify at least two (2) objectives that are the most significant in reducing the risk of reporting errors or misstatements in financial statements. Provide a rationale for your response.

a. Information available before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements. Date of the financial statements means the end of the most recent accounting period for which financial statements are being presented. It is implicit in this condition that it must be probable that one or more future events

When performing risk assessment procedures and related activities to obtain an understanding of the client and its environment, the auditor shall obtain an understanding of the following:

According to AU 339.03, “audit documentation provides the principal support for the”: (a) “representation in the auditor’s report that the auditor performed the audit in accordance with GAAS”, and (b) “opinion expressed regarding the financial information or the assertion to the effect that an opinion cannot be expressed”. AU 339.04 goes on to state that this “audit

a.  Information available before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25) indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements. Date of the financial statements means the end of the most recent accounting period for which financial statements are being presented. It is implicit in this condition that it must be probable that one or more future events will occur confirming the fact of the loss.

A review and an audit report are both a form of an attestation engagement. A Review, however, is less in scope so it provides a moderate level of assurance on the financial statements. It is considered a “sniff” of an audit, which comparatively provides reasonable assurance that no material misstatements occurred. Since a review deals with a limited scope, it does not provide the basis for expressing an opinion on the presentation of the

Also any maintenance done to system since last audit. These are things that need disclosed so verification of changes can be verified within the system and that those requiring and not requiring access have appropriate access (PCAOB, 2014).

d. “The auditor's reliance on substantive tests to achieve an audit objective related to a particular assertion may be derived from tests of details, from analytical procedures, or from a combination of both. The decision about which procedure or procedures to use to achieve a particular audit objective is based on the auditor's judgment on the expected effectiveness and efficiency of the available procedures. For significant risks of material misstatement, it is unlikely that audit evidence obtained from substantive analytical procedures alone will be sufficient (PCAOB, AS 2305.09).”

AU section 316 actually requires the detailed analysis of those areas by the auditing committee. However, “[the] audit committee and its agents and the internal audit staff, should consider incorporating their understanding and experience into a continuous improvement process,” (Zmag), because risk assessment doesn’t stop when the audit ends. Auditors will continue to assess fraud risks for as long as they perform audits, so in order to improve their skills of searching for risk from audit-to-audit, they need to be able to apply their understanding and experience. “New fraudulent financial reporting methodologies […] will continue to emerge and evolve in the markets [,]” (Zmag), meaning that fraud is always changing. Auditors must be able to continuously learn from theirs and other’s experiences. They

3. What potential implications arise for the accounting firm if they issue an unqualified report without the going-concern explanatory paragraph?

Accounting employees have a duty to be forthright and truthful when interacting with the independent auditors, and

Confidentiality – This calls upon any professional accountant to ensure that they do not disclose the accounting information of one company to any unauthorized parties. Such information should only be disclosed if the professional or legal right is granted by the relevant authority. Information obtained from a company should therefore not be used for any personal benefit by a professional accountant (Nobes, 2015).

With professions having this tremendous knowledge regarding a company’s financial standing and not being able to disclose the information to the public it can create major investment errors. With these restrictions in place by the AICPA the accountants and auditors “… in a position of having to choose between earning a livelihood or making a proper ethical choice” (Synder, 2011).

Q1. What are the built-in tensions with a public private equity firm? How does Blackstone 's structure attempt to reconcile them?