Cdc Diseases

It often causes massive epidemics of which only the most resilient individuals survive. As natural selection weeds out the most susceptible hosts and the survivors repopulate, what was once a deadly disease becomes a routine childhood illness.

However, disease on the epidemic scale did not appear till certain conditions existed, conditions created namely by the Agricultural Revolution. As communities became more sedentary and developed a more stable means of food production through the domestication of animals and irrigation processes, populations were able to increase at exponential rates, one of the fundamental prerequisites for an epidemic outbreak. An increased population translated into closer living conditions, less sanitary means of waste disposal due to sheer volume, and typically, poorer nutrition, making people more susceptible to a breakdown of the immune system. A higher population, in comparison to that of their hunting and gathering predecessors, meant a greater chance for contracting an illness. Equally important, the Agricultural Revolution demanded the domestication of animals. In living in close proximity to cattle, hogs, and other useful livestock, a phenomenon known as species cross-over took place. This species cross-over refers to the mutation of diseases typically found in livestock to a new form that seeks out a human host. The most classic and devastating example is small pox, a highly fatal disease that causes sores to form on the body and known in cattle as cowpox (Ponting, 225-226). This, coupled with irrigation, providing a host for water-born diseases like malaria and schistosomiasis, sheds a bit of light on the magnitude of the influence of the Agricultural

Epidemiology is the study of distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and the application of this study to the control of health problems. The epidemiological triad model holds that infectious diseases result from the interaction of agent, host, and environment (CDC, 2012). Disease transmission occurs when the agent leaves the reservoir or host through a portal of exit, are the conveyed by some mode of transmission and enters through and appropriate portal of entry on infecting a susceptible host (CDC, 2012). This sequence is sometimes called the chain of

The growing number of immigrants and refugees means that there is always the change of diseases being brought over as well (breitbart.com).

When it comes to zoonotic and vector-borne disease, they are on a steady rise due to a few factors controlled by the humans. Some of the factors helping to increased thee rise are the changing environment such as deforestation, conversion of grassland, and irrigation. Each of these directly affect the environment in which zoonotic and vector-borne disease thrive in putting more humans in direct contact with the disease. Other factors affecting the environment are the growing human population as well as behaviors which comes with a growing population. This would include migration patterns which can be seen with refugees traveling westward along with the after math of wars and urbanizations. Other contributing factors are the mass processing

The most recent (and popular) infectious disease that was influenced by the human cultural practice was the Ebola virus. The Ebola virus is rare which causes severe bleeding, organ failure, and even death if it's left untreated. The virus is primarily spread through direct contact of bloodily fluids and blood of an infected individual, including blood products, animal/insect bites or stings, saliva, and also by touching a contaminated surface. Although the virus is rare, the cases have been growing throughout the years due to the human cultural practices. For instance, humans often contract the virus through the exchange of bloodily fluids. For example, in the recent outbreak in Africa, it's believed that Ebola was a result of handling bushmeat

Globalization aided in impacting human health by population mobility. The source of epidemics throughout history can be traced back to human migration (Saker). The effects of these epidemics have changed whole societies. International efforts to prevent the spreading of infections from one country to another have been focused on. Early diseases that spread between Asia and Europe included the bubonic plague, influenzas of various types, and other similar contagious diseases. The world is more interdependent and connected than ever in the era of globalization. This is because inexpensive and efficient transportation allows access to almost everywhere and the increase of global trade of agricultural products brought an increasing number of people into contact with animal disease. Trade routes had long been established between Europe and Asia along which diseases were unintentionally transmitted. The management of malaria is a global role (Carter). Global institutions support the

Disease will always be prevalent across the world, there is no place where disease is non-existent and every single region across the world has its own varieties of diseases. Most of them are different, but they all have one thing in common, they destroy the life of a human by either bringing birth to acute symptoms or chronic ones and sometimes even death. Our focus though, will not be on every single region, but particularly in the tropics, home to malaria, hookworm, yellow fever, and most important of all Chagas disease. Chagas disease will be our only focus in the tropics and perhaps another day there will be time for the rest, but for now it will be Chagas. This disease has been neglected and at times thought of as weak in stature, but

It is very important for people to realize why these deadly viruses keep evolving and reappearing. Deforestation, climatic changes, and road building are just a few of the many man-made changes which can affect the “normal state of things.” “Suddenly, people become exposed to unknown diseases and viruses” (Brownlee 61). It seems that as soon as medical experts cure a virus or clean up an outbreak, another one quickly appears. Legionnaires disease, Lyme’s disease, and hantavirus are just a few examples of often deadly diseases scientists are being forced to fight (Caldwell 16).

Though importing and exporting goods and the movement of peoples from one place to another are significant contributors to the spread of disease on a global level, I do not believe any measures should be taken to limit these movements unless there is clear evidence of a potential pandemic. Attempting to curb disease by limiting such movements would cause too much social and economic distress and any benefits gained would only be marginal as reducing the spread of disease does little to nothing in regards to curing or eradicating the disease (when allowed to continue to spread within an existing population). In the world’s current state, limiting exports means destroying business which also means damaging local economies. It is evident that

In 2007 the World Health Organization reported that infectious illnesses have been rising at a very high ratio. The increase in the worldwide communication and transportation infrastructure has eased their spread. The population growth has brought high densely inhabited areas where the diseases are easily spread and have more impact on a large number of infections (BCofM, 2016). Vaccines are a very important weapon to fight the emerging and re-emerging diseases.

The spread of diseases increases with changes of temperature and other natural elements. For example higher temperatures increase cases of salmonella and other food-borne diseases. This happens all over the states. For instance, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) estimates 26 million to 74 million foodborne diseases in Louisiana. Having known this, it is important for us to realize the affects climate change has on air-borne diseases.

Of all known human pathogens 60% are zoonotic, meaning they are naturally transmissible from vertebrate or invertebrate animals to humans and vice-versa. Emerging infectious diseases are those that are newly discovered, newly evolved, or experiencing recent expansion of incidence, geography, host or vector range (Chomel, 2008). Viruses and bacteria are the most numerous of emerging pathogens, however parasites and particularly protozoa more so that helminths have also become adept at finding new ways to prosper.

The fact that ecology and disease are interrelated is not a new concept, but it is one that I believe warrants greater attention in a world of evolving environmental conditions. As pathogens are biological organisms, it follows that they will experience shifting patterns in their survival as the biological world around

The movement of people globally can spread airborne diseases like TB, influenza, malaria, and even sexually transmitted diseases like HIV/AIDS. Some of which, like TB, do not show any signs, so it’s very hard to control. Reasons for travel vary widely from visiting friends and family, vacation traveling, career opportunities, and even for migration purposes in order to leave oppression, war, or famine. I don’t personally think that the flow should be slowed, but I do feel that there needs to be a better system for preventing the spread in the first place like better medical infrastructures, readily accessible immunizations, and more communications and regulations between countries in order to work together in order to combat the spread of disease.