Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Behaviour: an Adidas Case Study

This bond that is created between the viewer and a celebrity helps understand the effectiveness that endorsements have where marketers have failed. The celebrity builds character in the eyes of the public and that character carries on into the product he is endorsing, and even though a part of the persuasion has to exist in the product itself, but a celebrity uses his status and the character he has built to gain credibility and likeability among the target audience. This character the celebrity transfers to the product is known as the “meaning “(2). The transfer of the meaning to the product goes through three stages. The first stage is in finding the celebrity with the desired meaning that they want to carry to the product this requires casting from the wide world of celebrity endorsers. The second stage is choosing which celebrity embodies the meaning the marketing campaign requires for the product, this stage is subject to expense restraints and availability. After deciding on an endorser stage three is the most complicated stage as in this step the endorser has to be able to transfer that meaning into the product, they have to make this meaning “available to the consumer in a material form”(2), this stage allows the consumer to accept the meaning they are given and accept the product and you use is a tool to build their own character. These three steps not only

Celebrity Endorsement is a form of brand or advertising that involves a well-known individual using their fame to help promote a product or service. The most common business users of products are manufactures of perfumes, and clothing. Some Techniques that are used are for example, television ads and launch event appearances.

The positive feedback on products to assure quality and may lead to a purchase decision. Endorsements by celebrities and models play an important role in such buying patterns.

If there is a celebrity advertising a product then the advertisement becomes more beneficial for the company. Sue Jozui, in her excerpt, claims that products advertised by celebrities should be boycotted. The author supports her argument by first telling how it misleads and insults the intelligence of the audience. She continues by explaining that there should be rules for advertisers. The authors purpose is to set laws for advertisement is to stop celebrities from falsely advertising products. The author establishes an objective tone for consumers who also believe celebrity advertisement is wrong. The author believes it is insulting to use celebrities to promote product; however it is the consumer's responsibility to not buy every product he/she sees just because there is a celebrity promoting it.

Therefore, the media uses celebrities to promote products, knowing that our attention will be taken by a celebrity everyone knows. According to Donatelle, the images and celebrities in the media set the standard we find attractive (para. 7). Based on the sentence, the media uses celebrities to create a perfect image of what people should look like. Americans have a phenomenon and an obsession with appearances. Yet, Soloman article talks about linking celebrities to brands so that the product used or endorse also take on an aspirational quality (para. 15). For example, enormous fans of Beyoncé will purchase her perfume to smell similar to her. Both articles state how celebrities are used as messages to get a point across to society, whether it is to promote a product or give an idea of something people should do. The media has shaped our preferences and has caused society to mimic the actions of

Use of celebrities in advertising is no new concept, companies have used celebrities to sell everything from cars, to moisturizer. Celebrities, due to our consumerist and media based society, are the ideal salespeople. (Wright, 2015) PETA’s campaign team understands that celebrity can help sell products and put a spin on that marketing technique by using celebrity endorsement in order to sell their ideals, and a vegetarian/vegan lifestyle. Celebrity endorsement can help companies and non-profit organizations such as PETA to gain public recognition, and to make a strong impression on viewers and consumers, so that they will remember the product, or in PETA’s case, consumers will remember the ideals and advocacy that the organization is promoting. (Fleck, Korchia, & Le Roy, 2012) It’s also apparent that a celebrities attractiveness has something to do with it as well. Fleck, Korchia, and Le Roy also state that “A celebrity spokesperson's physical attractiveness has a positive impact on brand recall, attitude toward the brand and purchasing intent”

Although seeing one’s favorite celebrity on television can be exciting for children, it can lead to a misunderstanding between the child and the representation of the product. For example, in the article “Kids Finally Speak on Celebrity-Based Ads for Food and Beverages,” the authors state that children can misunderstand a product that is unhealthy for them as a product that can make them as fit and healthy as their idol. Although celebrities are useful in the marketing strategies used in business on a daily basis one must look closely at the impact the advertisement will have on the target audience. This impact includes health impacts on the children today and the future generations to come. For the reasons that follow, celebrities should not advertise or endorse products that are unhealthy for children or teenagers because the motivation of the celebrities to endorse such products are in question and children are

Many commercials feature your favorite stars to help endorse a products. Sue Jozui in her excerpt, argues that consumers should stop supporting companies that use celebrity endorsers and that laws should be put in placed for advertisers. The author supports her position by first stating that the audience would connect approval of the celebrity with approval of the product. She continues by claiming that these kinds of advertisements are misleading. The authors purpose is to convince the readers to boycott certain companies that use celebrities as endorsers so that these commercials are no longer the norm. The author establishes a critical tone for consumers of voting age. The author's argument is invalid because companies should have the right to advertise how they choose.

Celebrity endorsement is possibly the most successful form of advertising. The fact that a celebrity approves of a product is often enough for people to get on board. Advertisements create a false life or image. Chiat says in his article: “Advertising--including movies, TV, and music videos--presents to us a world that is not our world but rather a collection of images and ideas created for the purpose of selling” (Chiat 212) .There is no better way to sell a false life or idea than to have a celebrity sell it for you.

It is not uncommon to see celebrities on TV market in other products, author Sue Jozui has other opinions. Author Sue Jozui in her excerpt, explains her view that there should be rules for celebrities endorsing other products and being misleading. The author supports her opinion by first explaining about how a celebrity may advertise a coffee, or a brand of car. She continues by arguing that advertisements are misleading. The author´s purpose is to draw awareness to this issue and wanting a prompt change so that new rules can be put in place to regulate the marketing and advertising industry. The author sets an informative tone for the consumer. The argument Sue Jozui, the author is making is that she believes there should be rules on celebrity endorsements, however the consumer may disagree because they have the power to buy the product.

As mention previous, when certain celebrities endorse a product, the credibility is lost to an extent. That

Celebrities and consumers alike have evolved thoroughly throughout the years, which has led to them overlapping quite exponentially. Personalities are interlinked majorly with consumers since without the other; the other would cease to exist. This is evident as celebrities livelihood relies completely upon the consumer culture of citizens, which is what makes them famous, and gives them that celebrity role. Whilst this is apparent, the links involve

Celebrity endorsements are one of the most famous methods of marketing used today. Celebrity endorsers are being used in about 25% of all the advertisements that we can see on the television. Marketers are investing large sums of money to have a contract with the celebrities as they believe that celebrities can affect the chances of success of a product. (Erica Weintraub Austina*, 2008) Kiakati

Celebrity endorsement is a billion dollar industries today (Kambitsis et al., 2002) with companies signing deals with celebrities hoping that they can help them stand out from the clutter and give them a unique and relevant position in the mind of the consumer. According to Solomon (2002), the reasons for using celebrity endorsement involves its potential to create awareness, positive feelings towards their advertising and brand. Research has shown that celebrity endorsement can have an impact on the consumer’s attention, recall, evaluations and purchase intentions (Atkin and Block, 1993), Celebrity endorsement is a widely used tactic in marketing and much research

Furthermore there are other researches as well which suggest that the approach of using a celebrity to endorse a product can not be viewed as a general practice of using any celebrity for any product endorsement. Pornpitakpan (2003), while discussing match-up hypothesis, describes the results of a study by Erdogen et al (2001) which suggests that "British advertising agency managers considered various criteria like celebrity- target audience match, celebrity-product match, overall image of the celebrity, cost of hiring the celebrity, celebrity trustworthiness, controversy risk, celebrity familiarity, celebrity prior endorsements, celebrity likeability, risk of celebrity overshadowing the brands, celebrity expertise, celebrity profession and celebrity physical attractiveness". A match between the target market and the endorser is important for effectively transmitting right message to target audience. For example, the advertisements which are produced by Pepsi, are mostly targeted for youths and so the celebrity endorsers that they use in their advertisements are young personalities. The match up hypothesis goes true for the multiple celebrity advertising as well. A good example of this is the Pulse Polio campaign taken up in India to eradicate the polio