Celiac Disease

Celiac disease seems to be on an up rise today. You now walk into grocery stores and restaurants and see gluten-free food everywhere. Thankfully, for the celiac disease community, life has become a little easier with these accommodations. When most people hear celiac disease many just think gluten-free diets, but they do not realize that celiac disease can affect all parts of the body and mind, or that the disease has a higher prevalence in women. It is a new lifestyle that many have to take on. In the next few pages, I will discuss the affects that this disease has on the body systems, the lifestyle changes many make when diagnosed with celiac disease, and the importance of educating those who are dealing with the disease on a day to day basis. I also will discuss information from two articles which focus in on the direct affects that the disease takes on women living with it, and the lifestyle changes that are necessary to manage the symptoms.

1. Explain the physiologic mechanisms related to celiac disease. What anatomical features of the small intestine lend it to the digestion and absorption of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins?

Commonly referred to as wheat allergy, celiac disease is not an allergic disorder; rather it is actually intolerance to gluten, a protein in wheat. It is also known as celiac sprue, nontropical sprue and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Celiac disease occurs in people who have a genetic susceptibility. It was considered a north European disease initially but now it has a high prevalence in all the continents. In north- India it affects 1 in 200-300 individuals, similar to its prevalence in Europe.

"Complete Trisomy 13 Syndrome - Conditions - GTR - NCBI." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2017.

Current testing readily detects up to 90% of carriers in the North European Caucasian population lining in North American and 95% of the CF carriers in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Approximately 50% of carriers in Hispanic and African American populations are detectable (Lory, 1999).

Life changing, life long, no cure! This paper is to give knowledge and inform readers on what Celiac Disease is, who it effects, what it affects, and try to explain how it can interrupt a normal, life style to where most of us take for granted. Have you ever wondered what life would be like if you found out you could not eat normal everyday foods that most of us take for granted? What if one day you woke up and found out you could not eat something as simple and as popular as pizza? That you could not eat bread, cake, cookies, lasagna, spaghetti, or even drink beer? That every time you did, you would get sick. Well, for a growing percentage of Americans, that is what is

. . M, P. (2015, October 27). An Overview of Human Genetic Disorders with Special Reference to African Americans. Retrieved November 16, 2017, from https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-human-genetic-disorders-with-special-reference-to-africanamericans-2155-9821-1000e139.php?aid=63273

carriers unless they have family history of the disease. Two white Americans with no family

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of diseases characterized by T-cell counts under 1,500 cells per mm3, which is a phenomenon known as T-cell lymphopenia (TCL) [1, 2]. This inherited primary immunodeficiency leads to the absence of T cells, however B cells or natural killer (NK) cells may be present but are not always functional [4]. The lack of functional immune cells leads to recurrent infections in infancy and childhood and the disease is fatal in the first two years of life if it is not treated [1]. The exact number of babies born each year with SCID is not well known, as different countries have different inclusion practices

Celiac disease is an inherited autoimmune digestive disorder that damages the hair-like structures (villi) on the lining of the small intestine. This hampers the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream and leads to malnourishment. Celiac disease is the world’s most common genetic autoimmune disorder, affecting three million Americans, or about 1 in 141 people.

Celiacs disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a condition where in some people, gluten cannot be digested and causes an immune response. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, oats, and rye. In some people who take in and ingest gluten, an enzyme named transglutaminase transforms the gluten into a chemical that triggers an immune reaction, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining of the small intestine (Wedro, 2016). The microvilli that make up the inside surface of the intestine are destroyed, causing nutirents to pass without being, like our body needs from our diet. This can cause damage to other organs in the body due to malabsorption. (Wedro, 2016) Organs that depends the most on nutrients to function properly consist of the liver, bones and the brain. This is crucial especially in children because malnutrition can lead to abnormal growth and development. (Wedro, 2016) Celiacs disease can also be known by Coeliac Disease. Roughly 8,000 years after its first appearence, celiacs disease was identified and named. A Greek physician named Aretaeus of Cappadocia who lived in the first century AD, wrote about “The Coeliac Affection.” Also, he called it “koiliakos” after the Greek word “koelia” meaning abdomen. (Guandalini, 2007) Another 17 centuries passed, and in the early 19th century Dr. Mathew Baillie, presumably unaware of Aretaeus, published his observations on a chronic diarrheal disorder regarding adults, causing malnutrition and characterized by a

Even if this disorder is uncommon it’s important to know the basics about it to prevent severe damage in the future. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) was first reported by Edward Glanzmann and Paul Riniker in 1950. They were treating two Swiss infants with the condition, lymphopenia, which is an abnormal low level of lymphocytes in the blood. They died of infection within a year. (Buckley). Although, it wasn’t until 1980 when the public became aware of the disorder. There was a well-known baby who was diagnosed with SCID that year. There were a lot of news stories about a “bubble boy” who was born without a working immune system. His brother was also born with the same

DiGeorge Syndrome is also known as Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome and can affect many parts of the body. This occurs when small pieces of chromosome 22 is missing, resulting in the loss of many important genes. Generally, children with DiGeorge Syndrome have decreased levels of calcium in their bodies, resulting in seizures. These children also typically have underdeveloped, cystic or missing kidneys, compromising the body’s ability to filter waste materials in the blood to make urine. To add, partial immunodeficiency is a common trait of people with DiGeorge Syndrome. This means that these people’s immune systems are not as strong as they should be, making it harder for them to fight infections and disease, resulting in increased illness rates and difficult recoveries from illnesses. As this syndrome affects many parts of the body, heart defects, low platelet counts, difficulty with speech and language, learning difficulties and behavioural disorders are also fairly common in children with DiGeorge disorder. Overall, DiGeorge syndrome has many diverse effects on the human body and is detrimental to the overall wellbeing of those who must live with it.

Do you know about celiac disease? if not then i recommend you to keep reading and you will learn. When you are finish reading i guarantee you will know what celiac is , the treatment of it, how you can live with it and if it has a cure or not. Whenever one day someone ask you about celiac disease you will be able to answer with confident.

Celiac disease is a T-cell-mediated, autoimmune, genetic illness that targets the small intestine in which the absorption of nutrients, particularly fats, is impaired. The disease has been described as “a permanent intolerance to ingested gluten that damages the small intestine, characteristically inducing crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy, and typically resolves with removal of gluten from the diet.” (AJN 34). Celiac disease appears to be more prevalent in women than in men. Genetic and immune factors are known to play a role in its development. People that have a family member with celiac disease and people that have autoimmune disorders are at higher risk to develop celiac disease. This paper outlines the pathophysiology of celiac disease, discusses signs and symptoms, the four disease types, describes testing, treatment, addresses the differences between gluten-free diet and a diet containing gluten, the use of dietary supplements, and vitamin D status.