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Cells And Organistics Of Plastic Stherent Stromal Cell Populations

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The majority of studies and clinical trials have used plastic adherent stromal cell populations expanded in culture. So the starting cell population is heterogeneous comprising progenitors and committed fibroblasts that are less efficacious. By immunoselecting clonogenic MSCs with specific surface markers by flow cytometry or magnetic bead sorting, a homogeneous population of starting cells can be obtained (Lv et al., 2014). As mentioned in section 1.1.1. MSCs are a rare population of cells in tissues, accounting for 1-4% of cells which decrease with increasing age (Stolzing et al., 2008). Due to their rarity, MSCs require extensive culture in vitro to generate sufficient numbers for clinical transplantation especially for use in adult …show more content…

Studies have shown that the survival rate was significantly less in patients treated with late passage MSCs compared to early passage MSCs (von Bahr et al., 2012). Heterogeneity and senescence decrease efficiency of culture-expanded MSCs with reduced and/or variable clinical outcome as has been the experience to date with bmMSCs (von Bahr et al., 2012, Prockop et al., 2014).
Uncultured transgenic MSCs injected into irradiated mice showed 55-65% recovery from bone marrow which decreased to 10% and 0% after only 24 hours and 48 hours of culture respectively, showing both the homing capacity of bmMSCs and the shortness of their survival in vivo on intravenous infusion (Rombouts and Ploemacher, 2003). The authors also suggested that cell cycle stage of bmMSCs at the time of transplantation may be a factor influencing survival, whereby the primary quiescent MSCs in G0 phase of cell cycle survive longer, while the cultured cells are G1 or later stage of the cells cycle have limited survival (Rombouts and Ploemacher, 2003). The homing ability of MSCs decreases significantly if they have been pre-cultured (Sohni and Verfaillie, 2013). This shows that culture conditions likely modified the homing receptors for chemokines.
The MSC markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 appear to be expressed consistently regardless of the culture environment, passage stage or the functional ability of MSCs (Maumus et al., 2011, Lo Surdo et al.,

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