Cellular Respiration And Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration is the physiological process of converting molecules into ATP. This process can occur in bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals. It uses Oxygen (02) and Glucose (C6H1206) to transfer and transform electrons. Then it produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O). Thus, it is read as C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + 32ATP. Respiration is split into three steps Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transfer Chain (ETC).

In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are taken into the cells, then they are converted to carbon dioxide, water and ATP energy and some other energy. Some of the ATP energy is used in photosynthesis; a large amount of

The last step of cellular respiration is the Electron transport chain (ETC). The ETC takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Electrons from Hydrogen are carried by NADH and passed down an electron transport chain to result in the production of ATP. Results are the production of ~32 ATPs for every glucose. Oxygen, which is the final electron receptor, finishes the process by creating a water molecule and combining the remaining hydrogen molecules. Oxygen is the final electron receptor. Without it, the process cannot be complete (Cellular Respiration, 2004). The waste products of cellular respiration are CO2 and H2O that are the same incrediants used in photosynthesis. Plants store chemical energy by photosynthese and then harvest this energy via cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration is a redox reaction that combines glucose & oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

In cellular respiration, the oxidation of glucose is carried out in a controlled series of reactions. At each step or reaction in the sequence, a small amount of the total energy is released. Some of this energy is lost as heat. The rest is converted to other forms that can be used by the cell to drive or fuel coupled endergonic reactions or to make ATP.

When cellular respiration is in process, hydrogen atoms are removed from glucose and transferred to oxygen atoms that form CO2 and H2O. A major process of cellular respiration is Glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm just outside of the mitochondria. Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules. Energy is used to release glucose, which gains 2 ATP. Oxidation follows which produces NADH. . (Mader, 2009)

Cellular respiration is how we extract energy from food sources, especially food sources such as glucose as most of the food we eat ends up as glucose in the body. The chemical formula for one molecule of glucose is C6H12O6. In order to turn this glucose into energy, oxygen is needed. This is done through cellular respiration where the glucose and oxygen is turned into 6 molecules of CO2, 6 molecules of water and some energy. Before we can use that energy our body has just produced we have to turn it into a specific form of stored energy called ATP or adenosine triphosphate. In order for our body to use the energy we make our cells need the energy to be transferred into ATP, adenosine triphosphate to be able to let our body do anything. Adenosine triphosphate is made up of adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups attached to it. The three phosphate groups are very uncomfortable being next to each other, so ATP splits them up shifts one of the phosphate groups off the end creating Adenosine diphosphate. In this reaction energy is released. Through cellular respiration one molecule of glucose can yield a bit of heat energy and 38 molecules of ATP at its best, a normal range would be between 29-30 molecules of ATP. Cellular respiration isnt something that happens all at once. Glucose is is transformed into ATP’s over 3 separate stages; Glycolysis, the krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is just the breaking up of the glucose 6 carbon rings into two

Like Photosynthesis, cellular respiration is also a redox reaction where glucose loses electrons and hydrogen atoms to produce carbon dioxide causing the glucose to become oxidized. At the same time, oxygen gains electrons and hydrogen atoms, reducing it to water.

Cellular Respiration plays a vital role in our body. Cellular Respiration is the biochemical pathway where cells release energy from the chemical bonds of food and provides energy for the essential thing called life. (Essential Biology pg. 96) It happens in a series of different reactions. To create these reactions, specific enzymes catalyze these reactions in the metabolic pathway. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions within the cell.

Cells are the basic units of life and their processes are vital to the functioning of all organism. The reactions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complimentary and are also the most important pathways on the Earth. Photosynthesis is a process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds in presence of sunlight. Cellular respiration is the set of metabolic reactions that take in cells of living organisms that convert nutrients like sugar into energy , which is known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate), and waste products. The two processes are closely related and likewise, they share many similarities and differences

Through fermentation, disaccharides such as sucrose produce more CO2 than monosaccharide molecules such as glucose which produce more CO2 than polysaccharides such as starch. Cellular Respiration is an aerobic process, which means that it uses oxygen during the process of creating ATP for the cell. This process takes place in both the cystol, for glycolysis, and in the mitochondria, for the citric acid cycle. After glycolysis produces the pyruvate molecules, they are further broken down in the mitochondria. In the mitochondrial matrix, the pyruvate loses a carbon to create a molecule of CO2. This creates a 2-carbon molecule called an acetyl group which bonds with coenzyme A to make acetyl CoA (Reece). This molecule is further broken down in the citric acid cycle. The two remaining carbons are then removed and released as CO2. During this cycle, two ATP molecules are formed. The NADH and FADH2 shuttle hydrogen atoms to the beginning of the electron transport chain, which is in the mitochondrial inner membrane. “The mechanism of electron transport can be compared to an electric cell driving a current through a set of electric motors” (Alberts). The

Photosynthesis equation and the cellular respiration equation are both really important for every living organism. They both help living organisms stay alive. Photosynthesis takes place inside the plants chloroplast. Inside the chloroplast the energy is being stored waiting to be released to help fuel the plant, which then releases oxygen outside the plant. The first step of the process is capturing the sun’s energy.

The photon ends up smacking into chlorophyll and that energy gets absorbed by an electron then the electron gets all jittery and excited like Chaney eating cookies. Chaney eating cookies is called photoexcitation. Sorry, I was recently told that electrons getting energy and having no where to put it is called photoexcitation. Just imagine photons being Harry Styles and electrons as twelve year old girls. Or even better: the photons as Jensen Ackles and the electrons as Naida.

pyruvate (3 carbon sugar), 2 NADH and 4 ATP (2 net) per molecule of glucose. During

     To metabolic pathways involved in photosynthesis are light reaction and dark reaction. The first stage of the photosynthetic system is the light-dependent reaction, which converts solar energy into chemical energy. Light absorbed by chlorophyll or other photosynthetic pigments is used to drive a transfer of electrons and hydrogen from water to and acceptor called NADP , reducing it to the form of NADPH by adding a pair of electrons and a single proton. The water or some other donor molecule is split in the process. The light reaction also generates ADP, a process called photophosphorylation. ATP is a versatile source of chemical energy used in most biological processes. The light reaction produces no carbohydrates such as sugars.