Cellular Respiration Lab Report

Exhalation, (breathing out), is the opposite of inhalation and occurs when the inspiratory muscles relax causing the diaphragm to depress which decreases the lung volume. This decrease in volume causes the alveolar pressure to increase therefore the carbon dioxide in the lungs flows from a high pressure to a lower pressure in the atmosphere. (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011)

Cari’s po2 is 54 mm Hg so therefore her lungs were working as if she was doing intense exercise although she wasn’t. Decreased oxygen saturation and PO2, decrease the efficiency of gas exchange between the arterial blood and tissues of the body.

Cellular respiration is the chemical process in which organic molecules, such as sugars, are broken down in the cell to produce utilizable energy in the form of ATP. ATP is the chemical used by all of the energy-consuming metabolic activities of the cell. In order to extract energy from these organic molecules, cellular respiration involves a network of metabolic pathways dedicated to this task.

Energy keeps all living organisms alive, as they need a continual supply of energy to function in order to survive. Some of these processes are continuous such as, metabolism, which is the chemical reactions which occur in the body, these occur by using or releasing energy from chemical substances. Another continuous process which use energy is the transporting of molecules in order for them to break down, and to build new ones. The breakdown of large molecules into their simpler forms to release energy is known as catabolism, for example, when glucose is used in a cell to release energy. And the opposite reaction, is called anabolism. This is when energy is used to build complex structures from simple cells, for example, tissue growth and

Energy metabolism comes in different types such as Anabolism and Catabolism energy. They all make sure that energy breaks down

To maintain life, organisms must be able to convert energy from one form to another. For example, in the process of photosynthesis, algae, plants, and photosynthetic prokaryotes use the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen (a waste product).

Introduction: Cellular respiration and fermentation are used in cells to generate ATP. All cells in a living organism require energy or ATP to perform cellular tasks (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg. 162). Since energy can not be created (The first law of thermodynamics) just transformed, the cell must get its energy from an outside source (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg.162). “Totality of an organism’s chemical reactions is called metabolism” (Urry, Lisa A., et al., pg. 142). Cells get this energy through metabolic pathways, or metabolism. As it says in Campbell biology, “Metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules are called catabolic pathways” (Urry, Lisa A., et al. pg.

During expiration, the diaphragm and all of the surrounding muscles relax. This allows the chest cavity to return to its original volume.

Diffusion in the lung increases(breathing out)- As you breathe in faster you also breathe out faster because you need to get rid of carbon dioxide as fast as possible to replace it with oxygen.

I breathed deeply and felt the air fill my lungs before it was released slowly. The expansion of my lungs was a constant thing but when I’m stressed or exercising is the only time that I am conscious of it. I tried to focus on breathing, feeling the muscles expand and contract with every shaky breath.

* Breathe using the diaphragm. The ribs should expand outward, but he shoulders and upper chest should be still.

The Dorsal Respiratory Group in the brainstem consists of inspiratory neurons, which in coordination with inspiratory neurons of the Ventral Respiratory Group, receive signals by the afferent pathway from mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors and signal for inspiration. The phrenic motor neurons receive the efferent signal via the medulla oblongata to cause the diaphragm to contract down and external intercostal muscles to contract up and o, and the negative pressure causes air to enter lungs from the atmosphere. The oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses into lungs. Most oxygen molecules then bind to hemoglobin in red blood cells. The expiratory neurons of VRG send impulses to expiratory muscles of rectus abdominus and internal intercostals contract down while the diaphragm relaxes, and this causes air to leave the lugs and out the mouth or nostrils. The exhaled air contains about 5.6 percent CO2 (Dakota Gasification, n.d.).

There are three energy pathways that allow our bodies to use and distribute energy as needed while energizing our activities/exercises and fueling our lives. Most often our energy stems from the foods we eat. Food is converted to adenosine triphosphate, or in other words ATP. Adenosine triphosphate is an instant and automatic chemical energy that is used in the process of cellular production. ATP is stored in very small amounts in our muscles. Our bodies use the transfer of food as the largest source of energy, or in this context energy pathway. These three pathways include phosphagen, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic glycolysis. These pathways energize our bodies and muscles on a daily basis. They definitely have a special and important role in the use and distribution of energy.

their air, leaving some air in the lungs at the end of exhalation. We refer to this as

But a small quantity of ATP is socked away in your muscles for when you need to expend a short burst of energy in a hurry. Let’s say you’re doing a single barbell squat with close to max weight. As you power the weight up, the muscles of your hips, thighs and lower back immediately burn through their ATP stores. Once the ATP has done its job, it’s either further broken down or recycled (with the help of another substance, creatine phosphate, or CP), so it can provide more energy to your working muscles.