Cellular Respiration Lab Report

Cellular respiration is a redox reaction that combines glucose & oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Fermentation is a metabolic process converting sugar to acids, gases or alcohol.  It occurs in yeast and bacteria, but also in oxygen-starved human muscle

Introduction: Cellular respiration and fermentation are used in cells to generate ATP. All cells in a living organism require energy or ATP to perform cellular tasks (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg. 162). Since energy can not be created (The first law of thermodynamics) just transformed, the cell must get its energy from an outside source (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg.162). “Totality of an organism’s chemical reactions is called metabolism” (Urry, Lisa A., et al., pg. 142). Cells get this energy through metabolic pathways, or metabolism. As it says in Campbell biology, “Metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules are called catabolic pathways” (Urry, Lisa A., et al. pg.

Cellular respiration is an ATP-producing catabolic process in which the ultimate electron acceptor is an

The third and final step in cellular respiration is the electron transport chain which takes place in the inner mitochondrion membrane. This process uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. These high-energy electrons are first passed along the electron transport chain. Every time 2 electrons travel down this chain, their energy is used to transport hydrogen ions (H+) across the membrane. These H+ ions escape through channels into an ATP synthase. This causes it to spin, transforming the ADP into ATP. On average, each pair of high-energy electrons that moves down the electron

Chapter 4 of our textbook (OpenStax College, 2013, p. 116) explained the processes of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron receptor, whereas anaerobic respiration uses an inorganic molecule to complete the process. In addition, Chapter 4 (OpenStax College, 2013, p. 114) also illustrated the molecular breakdown involved in lactic acid fermentation. This process occurs when skeletal muscles have reached the point of fatigue and lack oxygen. Chapter 2 (OpenStax College, 2013, p. 45) introduced ATP and its importance of providing energy to cells in living organisms.

An electron transport chain refers to series of compounds involved in the transfer of electrons from the electron donors to the electron acceptors through redox chemical reactions. The reactions are coupled to the transfer of protons across the membrane of the mitochondria. These build an electrochemical proton force that drives the synthesis of ATP. The final acceptor of the electron in the chain is usually

To understand this experiment, it is important to have a basic comprehension of what cellular respiration is, how it functions, and the different variables that can affect it. All organisms need some form of energy, taken from outside sources, to function and to facilitate growth and development. Mitochondria within cells are able to harvest the chemical energy stored in food molecules, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids,  and break it down through chemical oxidation in cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is an ATP, adenosine triphosphate,  synthesizing process that also produces carbon dioxide and water as waste (Cellular, 2016). The reactions that take place in respiration are catabolic which means they break down complex molecules into simpler molecules while releasing energy. The energy released in this process is central to the production of ATP. ATP is a macromolecule consisting of a ribose, a nitrogenous base, and a chain of three phosphates. ATP is used to transport energy throughout the cell and releases the stored energy by breaking the bond on the outermost phosphate group (Bergman, 2015).

This glucose molecule then becomes the key ingredient for Mr. Euglena’s aerobic respiration, the process where glucose is broken down into molecules of ATP in the presence of oxygen. A molecule of ATP is ADP having a high energy bond with phosphate (P). When this bond is broken, it releases energy in order for the cell to carry out life functions. The glucose molecule produced by the dark reaction of photosynthesis makes its way to the cristae on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. In the cristae, the process of aerobic respiration occurs. There are three steps in aerobic respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle), and the cytochrome chain (electron transport system). The first step is glycolysis. Glycolysis

Yeast and fungi are examples. Even without oxygen, they can perform the oxidation of glucose and release of ethanol and carbon dioxide is possible. A downside of this respiration is that it will produce 18-fold fewer ATP per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration does. This is because it does not go through the Kreb’s cycle or electron transport chain. During procedure 12.1, students will observe anaerobic fermentation by yeast and the effects of pyruvate, Magnesium sulfate, Sodium fluoride and glucose on the anaerobic respiration of yeast. Pyruvate is produced from glycolysis. It can be reduced to ethanol or lactic acid during the

What exactly does that mean? Molecule that is oxidized loses electrons, and a molecule that is reduced gains electrons. How is a redox reaction going to help make ATP?

    Cellular respiration is the group metabolic reactions that happen in the cell of living organism that creates adenosine triphosphate, ATP, from biochemical energy. The formula for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 +6O26CO2+6H2O+ATP.  This formula means glucose and oxygen are turned into water,carbon dioxide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) energy through chemical reactions. Cellular respiration occurs in all cells which allows them to grow. Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. Sativus seed, also known as radish seed, undergo cellular respiration because they are not yet able to perform photosynthesis, which is how plants create their energy. Hymenoptera formicidae,commonly known as ants, undergo cellular respiration to produce the energy they need to live.

O2 continuously diffuses into plants for this purpose, where oxygen enters the body of living organisms through the respiratory system. Electron transport is a series of chemical reactions in which electrons are passed rapidly from one component to the next and onto the endpoint of the chain where oxygen is the final electron acceptor and water is produced. There are four main complexes composed of proteins, Figure 1, which results in four divisions, together with their associated mobile and accessory electron carriers, where this is generally referred to as the?electron transport chain. The electron transport chain is replicated multiple times in the?inner mitochondrial membrane?of eukaryotes and in the plasma membrane of prokaryotes, ("Aerobic Respiration, " n.d.)

Background Two types of respiration occur during exercise that depend on the oxygen levels in the blood. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen that acts as the electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain (ETC). The full mechanism of aerobic respiration, from glycolysis to the ETC, creates 38 ATP on average. However, when there is not sufficient oxygen to perform aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration occurs. The only a net gain of two ATP during anaerobic respiration due to glycolysis. The pyruvate that is a product of glycolysis is then put through lactic acid fermentation which leads to muscle fatigue because of the low pH of lactic acid. At sea level the blood oxygen saturation of a healthy person breathing normal air

Cellular Respiration is one of the most important biochemical reactions. Through a serious of reactions, it is how we get energy from the foods we eat. First in this reaction pathway is glycolysis, or the oxidation of glucose, which occurs in the cytosol in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Glucose, a monosaccharide derived from the food we eat, is oxidized into 2 intermediate molecules named pyruvate and energy is released. This process is powered by 2 ATP molecules. ATP can be thought as the “energy currency” of a cell. In addition, the oxidation of glucose powers the phosphorylation of 4 ADP molecules into 4 ATP molecules (producing 2 net ATP in the process), and reduces 2 molecules of the electron carrier NAD+ into 2 NADH