Central America ' S Child Migrants : A Humanitarian Crisis

Especially the children of the person being deported. Migrants that are greatly affected by this are mainly from Mexico and central America. Once a family member is deported the family faces the question of what they will do. Will they move their whole family, even their U. S born children from the culture and society they have grown up in the country of their origin? Or will the family split up creating a single parent home or leave their child with another caregiver? Or lastly will they live in risk as an undocumented migrant? Undocumented migrant workers are much more likely to face economic struggles, lack of social usage of programs, and social remoteness. Although these directly affect the adult migrant the children suffer from these effects as well. They do get a proper education or amount of healthy foods, which untimely lead to many obstacles and setbacks for the child. There have been studies to prove that children of undocumented parents are more likely to be developmentally delayed. There is a long chain of effects on the children of undocumented parents. In the article it states “Yoshikawa (2011) found that when a parent is undocumented, he/she experiences greater social exclusion, which results in greater economic hardship and job-related stress, lower social support, parental psychological distress, and decreased use of center-based care, which in turn affects children's cognitive development at 24 months of age. Children of undocumented parents are also less likely to have health insurance (Lurie, 2008) and be rated in good health by their parents” (Kalil & Ziol-Guest, 2009). Also, when a child is separated from a parent or parents, they deal with the feeling of trauma, abonnement, isolation, depression, and fear. Not only do the children deal with these emotions, but their entire family also faces many economic problems since once one of the parents leave,

The journey from Honduras to America in not only long but physically and mentally torturous. Enrique sets off for America eight times with seven of those time ending in him being deported to Guatemala every time Enrique still has the will to still keep trying. At the beginning of his seventh journey Enrique is mercilessly beaten and robbed by six by six men while riding of the top of a freight train he escapes by jumping off the train. Enrique is lucky to survive the train intact many fair worse than him with instances of limbs being cut off by the wheels of the train or even more violent attacks by gang members targeting the migrants on the trains. For children such as Enrique who are traveling to the north the trains and gangs are not the only obstacles they must the police also represent a threat, many of which will do things like kidnap migrants and hold them for ransom. The journey from Honduras to America seems excessively grueling and almost impossible for someone Enrique’s yet every year thousands of children do. Up through Mexico the people have many different options on the Central American migrants traveling through their country some believe they are nothing but pest while other are more than happy to help, one more thing to add to the complexity of the

The United States has influenced many nations in the world throughout history. Some of the ways the U.S. has been able to dominate poor countries are with military action and corporate activities that allowed the United States to influence their governments. Since the United States extends its power with the previously mentioned methods, it is recognized as an imperialist nation. The United States has specifically demonstrated imperialistic forces in Latin America. The effects that the United States’ imperialism had on Latin American economies and politics were negative since it brought violence and caused the poor to struggle even more. When the United Sates government did not like policies that Latin American presidents were creating, they would take military actions to force American ideologies into Latin American countries’ governments by installing puppets into their governments. Generally, these countries would have flourished economically without the United States, but since the U.S. became involved with the countries’ policies, their economies have weakened because the U.S. wants the benefits of controlling countries’ resources without being responsible for the people who reside there. This pattern of the United States’ imperialistic behavior has been demonstrated many times in Latin America.

In the United States, US born children also suffer when it comes to immigration and deportation because although they are US born, their parents are not, parents are at major risk of being deported because a large part of them entered the country illegally or with a Visa but remained in the country after it expired. In the past decade, nearly 2 million persons were removed from the country, 81 % of them to Latin America. Of the estimated 11.7 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States, 52 % are from Mexico (Passel et al. 2013), placing them at greatest risk for deportation. Because of the workplace raids that occurred in 2006 and 2007, 900 undocumented

Immigration has played an important role throughout American history. What fundamentally sets America apart from other nations is the foundation that it was created by immigrants seeking a better life for themselves and their children (Camarota & Zeigler, 2016). During times of economic growth, laborers have been imported, and deported during recessions (Flores, 2016). An average of 1.1 million immigrants relocate to the United States annually (Storesletten, 2000). US Customs and Border Control officials, have witnessed a significant increase in the number of “unaccompanied alien minors” from Latin America, anticipating 75,000 minors (if not more) from 2016 to 2017 (Rush, 2016). The average age for “unaccompanied alien minors” is 11 years

and Mexican governments and awareness campaigns carried out between 2013-2014 successfully sent the message to residents of the primary sending countries in Central America. However, Central American men, women and children continue to travel north into the migrant trail and across Mexico. The analysis of The Beast Riding the Rails and Dodging Narcos on the Migrant Trail by Oscar Martinez offers concrete, systematic evidence of the relative weight crime victimization plays in the migration decision. The Beast allows us to understand why these individuals continue to make the trip when seemingly fully aware o the dangers involved and supports to suggest that no matter what the dangers of migration may be in the future it is preferably to a present-day life of crime and violence endured in the Northern Triangle. Having such knowledge of what motivates Central Americans to consider migration and understanding the influence of this prior knowledge in their decision for immigration along with an understanding of how preceding U.S. and Mexican efforts to deter immigration grants the United States government to understand immigration patterns and a possible solution for mass migration crisis. The current migration dilemma and book proposes the possibility of a different attempt on behalf of the United States government to deter migration from the Northern

Children from Central America and Mexico have been entering into the United States at a rapid rate that has been increasing over the most recent years Most of these unoccupied children come from the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. These countries have account for more than 76,000 of the 102,000 children migrants between 2014 and 2015. More than 102,000 unaccompanied children were apprehended at the United States- Mexico border by the United States Customs and Border Protection from the start of the fiscal year 2014, through August 31, 2015. the United States Census Bureau in 2013 determined that most of the unaccompanied children settled in Texas, California, New York, and Florida. The lengthy process of returning children to their home countries creates a burden on communities financially, but also creates a bloated system that prevents children to return in a timely manner.

In Empire’s Workshop, Greg Grandin argues that the United States engineered a destructive domestic fusion of religious fundamentalism, hawkish neoconservatism, and nationalism - to justify it’s engagement in a jingoistic, self-serving foreign policy in Latin America. Furthermore, his work details the preemptive clash against perceived communist elements, and places the ideological disagreements regarding private-property, as the primary mover in US actions. By examining the Guatemalan coup of 1954, which Grandin describes as the Central Intelligence Agency’s “first full-scale covert operation” in Latin America, we can assess the prototypical reasoning behind US intervention. Moreover, the thorough assessment of the motivations of American

Central American women are at an even greater risk of experiencing sexual abuse and other types of violence during their migration to the United States, especially in recent years, because of the spreading of gangs. In 2015, “nearly 110,000 people fleeing worsening gang and other violence in Central America’s northern triangle countries of Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras sought asylum abroad.” Many times, Central Americans are attempting to escape the possibility of being sexually assaulted by gangs. However, not everyone has the time to apply for asylum because they are in immediate danger. For example, Sara Rincon, a college student from El Salvador testifies: ““He said no woman had ever turned him down, and if I refused to be his girlfriend, he would kill me and my family. I didn’t want to leave home but after that we couldn’t stay; we left for Mexico in the middle of the night.” Because Rincon and her family had to leave spontaneously, they are most likely going to be traveling undocumented, just like many other immigrants attempting to escape gang violence in Central America. Therefore, they must migrate through Mexico with the possibility of even more traumatic events ahead of them.

The Department of Homeland Security is considering a proposal that would separate children from adults when the adults illegally try to enter the United States from the Southern border. The proposal is intended to deter adults from essentially kidnapping illegal immigrant children. It is also meant to deter adults from taking advantage of children by dangerously traveling with them or smuggling them into the United States in order to stay in the US. Some adults are claiming that the minor children they brought into the United States is their own child. Currently, when children are brought into the United States by an adult they are usually released, but they can stay in the US with family while their cases are pending disposition. The considered

Many women and children chose to take this trip from Central America to the United States due to all of the poverty and the lack of love. For instance, many women make this trip considering the poverty located all over Central America. With all of the poverty, plenty of mothers are forced to leave their children to make this trip. These mothers seek for a better life for their children. therefore, they leave them behind to seek for a better job in the united states. They work nonstop for their children in order to send them money, particularly every month. In recent times, the United States border has been more secure than before. Which means many women suffer more and are in high risk. In addition, children chose to make these trips just to

Galeano portrays this moment in Latin American history as the instant U.S investors took control over the industries. He details the dangers they went through when producing one item to export for the benefit of foreigners, and how they later imported the processed goods from those same foreign countries, injecting money only overseas. The fact that Latin America needed imports to survive initiated the imperial link the U.S has upon it. As stated by Galeano, “The growing dependence on foreign supplies produces the growing identification of the interest of U.S. capitalists operating in Latin America with U.S. national security”11, bluntly showing the relationship between the United States and Latin America. “With petroleum, as with coffee or meat, rich countries profit more from the work of consuming it than do poor countries from the work of producing it”12. Because profit was not being retained in the Latin American countries, nationalization of the industries became of importance. The United States offered intervention in order to protect everyone’s interests with the proposal of free trade, but this was no more than another manipulation to continue having power over Latin America and its resources: “Latin America’s big ports, through which the wealth of its soil and subsoil passed en route to distant centers of power, were being built as instruments of the conquest and domination of the countries to which they belonged, and as conduits

This paper aims to support my thesis that, although there is still a significant problem regarding migrant children’s access to education, many efforts within the global arena have been established to address the issue. The paper will first provide an overview of the concern of migrant children and the lack of access to quality education they experience. It will then analyze the international response to the issue globally and then look at India’s approach to ensuring education for all through The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act. Additionally, India’s next steps and possible solutions will be addressed.

But, how do foreign trafficked children find themselves existing in the United States? For several of them, they are sold by their own family. Charlotte Kuchinsky wrote in her article “Child Trafficking: Selling Children into Slavery and Prostitution”:

The real situations that many Central Americans faced were either from backlash of communism resulting in U.S involvement or just straight up domination