Central Asia Research Paper

The Soviet Union, which was once a world superpower in the 19th century saw itself in chaos going into the 20th century. These chaoses were marked by the new ideas brought in by the new leaders who had emerged eventually into power. Almost every aspect of the Soviet Union was crumbling at this period both politically and socially, as well as the economy. There were underlying reasons for the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and eventually Eastern Europe. The economy is the most significant aspect of every government. The soviet economy was highly centralized with a “command economy” (p.1. fsmitha.com), which had been broken down due to its complexity and centrally controlled with corruption involved in it. A strong government

Russia’s economy is very complex and also very terrible at the same time. Many other economy’s are also like this but Russia’s is a very interesting thing to learn about. Russia’s economy has many things wrong with it that in the long run could probably affected it in a negative way. But it also has many positive things about it.The negatives and the positives are, in my opinion, are equal in Russia economy.

The economy of Eastern Europe in 1700 was based on that of agriculture and products such as wheat and barley because serfdom was still thriving in Russia. The serfs were the labor force and basis of the feudalistic type society until the reign of Alexander II. However, while other nations were becoming modern, the Russia economy was backwards compared to the rest of the world due to the fact that is was based on a form of slavery. But when industrialization occurred in Russia in the 1860s the economy had gradually switched to that manufactured good as factory and industry increased. The railroads from industrialization allowed for easy trade across vast and mountainous territory and also increased global trade with nations in the West as Russia could trade their various natural resources for a profit. However, by 1900 Russian’s economy was collapsing as they were still not industrializing a quick as the West and agricultural technology was not as up to date.

Another repercussion of the Soviet Union’s collapse was the failure of the economies of almost every new post-Soviet country. Most of the economies of the new Republics were left in shambles after the collapse. In Russia, people were not ready for the new economic freedom that resulted from the fall of Communism. Their unpreparedness led to inflation. “Inflation caused prices to go up three hundred percent in the first month, and 2,591 percent by the end of 1992.”( Russian Economy in the Aftermath of the Collapse of the Soviet Union) Just three years after the Soviet Union’s fall, Russia’s inflation rate had skyrocketed to 2591 percent, evidencing that Russians were not prepared for such a rapid evolution, going from a communist economy into a capitalist economy. All post-Soviet countries had the same economic fate as Russia, plunging into worse economic conditions than the United States suffered during its Great Depression. For example, in 1992, the Ukraine had almost a fifteen percent drop in its gross domestic production and Latvia suffered a 33 percent drop. (GDP growth) Many of these countries’ economies are still suffering as a result of the rapid evolution

In the past, nations have decided to run their counties under a command economy, or “an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined centrally by a government.” Command economies are more prevalent in developing countries, like on the continents of Africa and Asia. North Korea, Iran, Cuba, Myanmar, and Liberia currently have command economies and the Soviet Union and China used to have one. In the past, many countries including the Soviet Union attempted to implement command economies that would later fail. As a result, most of the current countries using them are beginning to make reforms to leave their command economies behind, like Mikhail Gorbachev’s glasnost, or political transparency, and perestroika, also known as economic restructuring, in the 1980’s (Dewdney). The Soviet Union officially collapsed in December 1991, ending the long-standing communist rule under a command economy in Russia and its satellite countries for good.

However, the economy in the Soviet Union under both Brezhnev and Gorbachev was bad. According to Brezhnev, the government’s central planning led to a huge and complex bureaucracy, collective farmers had no incentive to work hard, and there were high standard of living. Also, under Gorbachev, the economic issues led to a slow-down in the arms race. It tripled the national debt in US and the cost of maintaining satellite states and an enormous military budget under communism were too high that they would not afford it.

Into Eurasia, human migrations happened about 40,000-20,000 years ago from the Middle East to Europe into Asia. Hunting was the way of life so new hunting tools and techniques were being invented such as spear throwers. Cave paintings such as horses, bulls, and reindeer were left to leave history of their own world. Using different colors of red, yellow, brown, and black. Venus figurines were stone, antlers, and mammoth tusk carvings to depict the female form with exaggerated breasts, hips, buttocks, and stomachs.

They have a low export and import percentage. All of the economic problems result from the failure of the

There have been many times in my life when I felt like a stranger. I have been a social outcast. I have been powerless at the mercy of the others. These past few weeks of the History class made me feel unlike the other classes in the university that I took. Because it made live in the past, feel how did the people feel and go through back in 1910’s. In the beginning of the course my instructor said that we going to play a game, I was freaked out. Knowing that I have to talk to other people and share my ideas with them. I remember then she told us more about how we all have to play in character, as we were living in 1913’s, which sounded scary at first. But, it turned out really great and educational and helped me fight my

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a country of rugged terrain and unforgiving climate. Afghanistan sits at the focal point of historical trade routes as well as a major invasion route into central Asia. This brief overview will give some insight to unit commanders to use in their decision making process while planning unified land operations in the area.

Afghanistan is an Islamic nation in pure chaos and war-riddled like no other. The Afghan people have been at war since the beginning of their time. They live a hardscrabble life due to day-to-day struggle between the Taliban and coalition forces. Due to thirty plus years of political conflict and chaos, the environment is suffering. Behind all the war and carnage, many people do not realize that there is a beautiful landscape. The population is friendly, but lives a strict traditional lifestyle. The country has many environmental concerns that have come about since the Soviet Union's invasion. Even though all of the right projects, established by the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), the Afghans have minimal potable

One of these three was Argentina, a nation whose trusts of monetary salvation through money related integration with the world economy now lie in remnants. A second was Uruguay, likewise in a bad position. Just Chile resembles a long-term victory. Among the previous communist economies, genuine yield still stands beneath 1990 levels taking all things together be that as it may, four of them. Furthermore, destitution rate s stay higher than in 1990 even in Poland, obviously the best of the East European nations. In sub-Saharan Africa, results stay extreme disillusioning, and far more terrible than those got preceding the late 1970s.(Rodrik 2002)

When historians and scholars research and try to understand what led to the downfall of the USSR, the commonly overlook the war in Afghanistan in playing a pivotal role. Explanations to the collapse include domestic and structural problems that had to do with the Cold War, and how inefficient the Soviet economy was working compared to the West. In addition, the roles of political leaders was greatly emphasized in contributing to the breakdown of the Soviet Union. While these factors were major contributors to the downfall, a terrible 9 year war that ended four years before the collapse cannot be ignored as it greatly represents what the Soviets did wrong in all aspects of the war. The Soviet war in Afghanistan contributed to the downfall of the USSR, because it portrayed how the Soviets failed militarily, politically diplomatically in dealing with foreign affairs.

The Great Eastern, the 18,915 tonne ship was an iron sailing steam ship designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, and built by J. Scott Russell & Co. It was created and launched at Millwall on the River Thames, London. It was by far the biggest ship ever built at the time of its 1858 launch. It had the capacity to carry up to 4,000 passengers from England to Australia without requiring additional fuel. The length of the Great Eastern was 692 feet (211 m). The Great Eastern was the only ship completely built from metal. Just for comparison, the Titanic was built 60 years later in 1915 and was 190 ft longer, 10 ft wider and weighed 33,395 tonnes more than the Great Eastern. Each iron plate weighed a third of a ton and required 6 men to lift it. 30,000 iron plates were required to complete to structure of the

The potential political struggle for dominance and insurgent activity in the Caucasus Region jeopardizes the infrastructure and economic resources of the countries within the region and the global economy. The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline is the major economic structure between the balances of power for the World. With Russia’s and Iran’s inability to corner the energy market, these key players are fueling dissention and unrest together with each countries internal disputes the region requires careful analysis and courses of action to promote regional stability; counter terrorism and advance the United States (US) interest within the area. Current Status quo and operational strategies and policies would be the