Cerebrovascular Disease

There are several causes of dementia some of them are; a stroke, brain disease, MS, certain medications, shrinkage of the brain, too many opiates over a long period of time and severe alcoholism

An ischemic stroke is typically caused by a thrombosis, which is a blood clot or an embolism, when the blood clot detaches and infiltrates the blood stream.

There are many different forms of dementia and each has its own cause. Some of the main type of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease, which is the most common form of dementia affecting 50%-70% of dementia patients (Alzheimer's australia, 2005). This is a degenerative illness which attacks the brain, this is achieved buy tangles which are in the middle of shrunken brain cells and plaques which eventually cause the brain cells to die meaning information can no longer be recalled or assimilated. There are also other types of dementia which include vascular dementia which is caused by circulation of the blood to the brain, Parkinson’s disease which is a disorder of the

Ischemic stroke is the blockage of blood vessels in the brain as a result of blood clots (thrombi), causing the portions of the brain nourished by the vessel and its tributaries to be starved of nutrients, poisoned, and to eventually die (“Symptoms

Dementia is caused when the brain is damaged by diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body disease, a series of strokes or even a group of symptoms which may result from brain injury, vitamin/hormonal imbalance, drugs and alcohol. These diseases have factors in common and can cause a person to have their mental

A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1).

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

Stroke is a part of a cardiovascular disease that occurs when the supply of blood or oxygen to the brain is disrupted by a blockage in the artery or when there is usually a trauma that causes spontaneous bleeding in the brain (Duncan, Zorowitz & Lambert, 2005).

An acute stroke (cerebrovascular attack) occurs very suddenly without any warning. There two types of strokes, and ischemic stroke and the hemorrhagic stroke. An ischemic stroke is when the blood supply to the brain is restricted by a blood clot. The causes of this can be blood clotting disorders, high blood pressure or other heart diseases. A hemorrhagic stroke is when there is a brain bleed. The blood will go into the brain and cause pressure to build up in the brain. The intracerebral stroke, a type of hemorrhagic stroke, is when a blood pressure in the brain ruptures and bleeds into the tissue. A subarachnoid hemorrhage is

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke is the sudden loss of brain function as a consequence of a disturbance in the brain's blood supply. This can be as a result of a hemorrhage or ischemia caused by a general blockage of blood vessels (arterial embolism,thrombosis) (Sims, Muyderman,2009).As a consequence, the affected area of an individual's brain can never function thereby resulting in the ability of the affected person to move one or even more limbs one side of their body, the inability to comprehend or even formulate sentences as well as the inability

An embolic stroke happens when the clot develops away from the brain, perhaps in a limb, and is then carried into the brain by the bloodstream. This type of clot- when the moving clot then is lodged within the narrower arteries within the brain- is called an embolus

Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke occurs when vessels within the brain leaks blood into the brain itself. It often happens without warning. This type of stroke represents about 10% of all strokes. The most common cause is uncontrolled high blood pressure or (Hypertension.) Hypertension can cause small arteries inside the brain to become brittle and susceptible to cracking and rupture. Less often it may result from a blood vessel defect present since birth.

Cerebrovascular circulation is the movement of blood through the central veins and arteries supplying the brain. Blood supply to the brain is very important and with the help of four main arteries that is achieved. Those four main arteries consist of the left and right internal carotid arteries and the left and right vertebral arteries. When there is an area of blockage or plaque formation in these vessels then a problem may occur. Carotid artery disease is common and increases the risk of having a stroke. The collateral circulation is an important aspect affecting the risk of stroke. The cerebral circulation will attempt to maintain constant cerebral perfusion even if there are changes within the system. If one major cerebral artery is occluded,

Basically, arterial blood pressure (BP) is directly proportional to the product of blood flow (cardiac output, CO) and the resistance to passage of blood through pre-capillary arterioles (peripheral vascular resistance, PVR) Hypertension can be caused by either an increase in Cardiac Output (CO) or by an increase in Peripheral Resistance (PR)

The cerebrovascular accident occurs due to a sudden death of some brain cells by a lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery to the brain. When it occurs, it can leave some sort of body function deficit. The pathologic of cerebrovascular accident can be categorized into two types the hemorrhage stroke and the ischemic stroke. The ischemic occurs with a blockage of a blood clot that causes a lack of blood supply in the brain tissues. In the hemorrhage stroke, on the other hand, it occurs due to a rupture of a blood vessel (artery aneurysm) which result of bleeding in the brain area. The ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke Thompson and Lindholm (2014), stated that about 80 out of 100 strokes are ischemic strokes. The most common cause of the hemorrhagic stroke is due to a