“Letter from Birmingham Jail” is addressed to several clergymen who had written an open letter criticizing the actions of Dr. King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) during their protests in Birmingham. Dr. King tells the clergymen that he was upset about their criticisms, and that he wishes to
“Finally, I 've come to believe that the true measure of our commitment to justice, the character of our society, our commitment to the rule of law, fairness, and equality cannot be measured by how we treat the rich, the powerful, the privileged, and the respected among us. The true measure of our character is how we treat the poor, the disfavored, the accused, the incarcerated, and the condemned. We are all implicated when we allow other people to be mistreated,” (Stevenson 18). Within Bryan Stevenson’s novel, Just Mercy, the truths of social inequalities in our criminal justice system are confronted and assessed. Discoveries are made on how the social status of a person impacts the way society perceives them. Despite actions made towards others in the majority, an individual’s character will be measured by how they behave towards people in the minority. Through Harper Lee’s portrayal of hostility that various characters possess towards minorities in her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, and Stevenson’s unforgettable descriptions of social inequalities that the incarcerated face, a similar theme is exhibited. The social status of an individual will influence society’s behavior in a negative or positive way and provoke inequality within a community.
Assignment 3 - Sentencing II. What is meant by Proportionality? In sentencing proportionality refers to consistency of punishments as they relate to crime. In our attempt to govern behavior and to have it conform to society’s notion of acceptable behavior; it is
Supreme Mistakes: Blunders from the High Bench (Rough Draft Version) Atop twenty-four Corinthian columns at One First Street in Washington, D.C., lie a promise to our nation, four words: “equal justice under law”. These words, abundant with virtuous intentions, are the parameters of jurisprudence that the Supreme Court must apply when considering its cases. A founding principle of this nation, seen in documents as early as the Declaration of Independence, and affirmed through the Equal Protection clause of the Constitution and the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Nineteenth Amendments thereto, promotes the idea of equality in justice and blindness to the individuality of the litigant. This idea is central not only as a function
In spite of the fact that law capacities to advantage society it can likewise reflect and strengthen the social disparity found in bigger society. American history is loaded with case of two related parts of law and imbalance. The utilization of law to encourage social disparity and the effect of disparity on the causes of law and the operation of the lawful framework.
Lady Justice, blindfolded, with a sword in one hand and a judicial scale in the other, is a representative of the impartiality and balanced legal system of the United States.
In this essay, I will argue that Plato 's definition of justice in the individual is inadequate since a just individual cannot act unjustly. I will start by defining justice in the individual. Next, I will reexamine Socrates’ refutation of Polemarchus’ second definition. Then, I will show how just individuals (i.e., the philosophy rulers) in the republic act unjustly by using the example of the treatment of people with disability in the republic. This creates a contradiction in Socrates ' definition. Lastly, I will propose two remedies to solve this contradiction.
Since the dawn of mankind we have always had a fascination with stories. Tales ranging from helpless romance between lovers to epic battles between civilizations. Although all stories may not share the same plot or characters, they often share a commonality in that they all portray justice in one form or another. Whether it’s black and white such as good triumphing over evil, or something with shades of Gray, justice finds a way to present itself to characters. Two novels that portray this sense of justice are Beowulf, an ancient Anglo-Saxon epic that dates back to 1000ad, and Julius Caesar, the world renowned tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime during 1599. Both are very well known, and both are ripe with their own respected interpretation
Each of these acts, excepting the first and the last, is both a consequence and a cause: every individual involved sought to avenge the horrid act of an offender – each seemingly sought justice by way of retribution. By identifying only a single reason or cause each for the vengeful acts outlined above, it is easy to generalize this chain of events into cyclic manifestation of the age-old law “an eye for an eye.” Much is lost in this simplification of the story; the
The Oresteia depicts the transformation of a system of justice which is unorganized and based on vengeance into an organized system of justice based on law. This transformation is effected by several changes involving both gods and humans. Among these changes are: the shift from a view of the individual as the victim of a crime to a view of the community as the victim of the crime; the change in the nature of the Furies, who start as vengeful spirits and have their nature so completely changed that they become the Eumenides, the kindly spirits; and the formation of a system of justice based on a court system, which has a balance between punishment and mercy, allows citizens to represent their community in the the court, and promotes equality between the defendant and their accusers; and all of the advantages which these changes provide within the community.
Justice is a very sensitive topic today. Many people in the United States and around the world feel like they don’t receive justice that is fair and equal, with some people even being able to avoid justice when they deserve it the most. The Count of Monte Cristo, a masterpiece
Proportionality, in accordance to Desert philosophy, is applied when the penalty reflects the ‘legitimate expectations’ of the action and the penalty is proportionate between the gravity of
In the first half of Stevenson’s Just Mercy, he depicts this almost binary system within his experiences in the justice system: a majority class and a vulnerable class, with a few outliers in between. The majority class operates for those in power and actively against the vulnerable. By attacking the vulnerable, it performs as almost a fuel for those within the system who have ambition to ascend its ranks. For example, by Alabama using elections to select its judges (70), this allows the system to uphold the desires and opinions of those in the majority, without any checks and balances on the equity of the system and its integrity to the law. The system, in a sense, becomes an arm of the majority, not an institution grounded in equitable justice
Here I will be discussing about the john Rawls Justice as Fairness, Mill’s utilitarian theory of justice and Nozick’s Libertarian Theory of Justice.
It should be noted however that the classical school of thought has had an enduring influence as many legal systems are built on some of its key precepts. The idea of intent for example, emphasizes the importance of the state of mind of the individual and their capacity for making choices. Notions of proportionality in relation to punishment are