Chagas Disease Research Paper

Diseases can cause a devastating effect on both the human body, and also the human population. Throughout several time periods of the present and past, diseases have caused a humongous impact in several society's in different countries around the world. Several large pandemics and epidemics have killed off the population of many species including humans and primates. Wether the time period is in the present or as far back as the Middle Ages, each and every one of these diseases, have had a life threatening outbreak, across several developing countries. Three known diseases have all created a huge conflict on different civilizations, causing different, unanswered questions to arise. A lot of research has gone into each individual disease, to

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes TB, has existed for centuries. The oldest recorded account of TB can be found in the literature by Hippocrates from around 460 BC (Tranotti, n.d.). However, at this point the infection was referred to as phthisis. Now at this time, this disease seemed to spell out the inevitable death for its prey. Hippocrates went so far as to advise his colleagues in the medical field to stay away from patients of the viral disease in order for the physicians not to lose their reputations due to the inevitability of their deaths. Later, in 1679, Dr. Franciscus Sylvius identified the anatomy and pathology of the disease. He was the first to identify actual tubercles, abscesses, and cavities in the lungs of patients as a result of the virus which led to its naming of Tuberculosis (A History of Tuberculosis Treatment, n.d.). About forty years later, English physician Benjamin Martin

According to the CDC (2015), this virus is mainly spread from infected mosquito bites particularly from Culex tritaeniorhynchu. Humans are not part of the transmission cycle; however, pigs and birds are part of the cycle. Therefore, there is increased risk to people who live in close proximity to these

The influence of influenza during 1918 took a huge toll on the people of the world. They struggled as the pandemic affected nearly all parts of the world, though the different societies dealt with the issue differently due to their cultures and beliefs. When looking at a disease an important factor that comes with curing it, comes looking at where the disease begins. As a disease slowly take out the population, science and the people look for the root cause of the disease in order to control and stop it in its tracks. The world commonly sees Asia or specifically East Asia as to where most diseases and pandemics can be linked to. Rather than just blaming a specific area for the disease developing, taking a look as to how their society deals

In most first world countries disease outbreaks are rather uncommon, that is because we have access to vaccines that keep

Evidence of tuberculosis of the cervical lymph nodes or lymph nodes of the neck termed scrofula is found in the Middle ages. It was termed as the “king’s evil” and was widely believed that the kings of England and France could cure scrofula simply by touching those affected

Unfortunately, for individuals in the developing world resources are lacking. It is individuals in these situations that are extremely vulnerable to potential exposure. Climate change is also impacting disease transmission. Large environmental areas are shrinking due to urban sprawl which is leading to increased populations density’s, increased pathogen load, decreased distributions, and a greater prevalence of disease (Mills, Gage, Khan, 2010). Thus, larger numbers of individuals are living in close proximity of disease vectors.

The book "An Epidemic of Absence: A New Way of Understanding Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases" by Moises Velasquez-Manoff is about the relationship between parasites and diseases. The author of the book suffers from alopecia, an autoimmune disease, where he is left with no hair anywhere on his body. The book centers around the author's claim: parasites can lessen and sometimes get rid of allergic and autoimmune disease symptoms. The most interesting part of the book was when the author, Manoff, talked about his self-experiment. Manoff travelled to Mexico where he willingly injected himself with hookworms, a parasite, to find out what would happen to his allergies and alopecia. He talks about this in the first chapter, only explaining how he decided to do it and how he injected himself, but not the results.

Given the material presented above, it is hardly surprising that German expeditions into Italy frequently suffered from heavy disease mortality. But how can we be certain that any given disease outbreak is malaria, as opposed to typhoid, typhus, bubonic plague, or some other disease associated with marching armies? In general, the medieval chroniclers were not very helpful in distinguishing between various infections, and this reflects the prevailing mindset to disease at the time. Rather than regarding diseases as discrete entities caused by specific pathogens, pre-modern writers generally believed that disease was caused by environmental factors, especially swamp miasmas or urban filth. What is more, diseases were understood as existing along

Discovered in 1909 by Carlos Chagas, Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, affects an estimated 8 million individuals annually according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The number of individuals affected by this disease annually makes it a significant, yet preventable, problem. As a chronic parasitic infection, the disease is transmitted by insects and most commonly found in impoverished regions of Latin America, as well as the rest of the Americas. The purpose of this report is to explain the biology of this disease as well as its epidemiology and prevention strategies.

Astoundingly, William Gogas was able to eraticate yellow fever in just 18 months. This illness along with Malaria wreaked havoc on the health and wellness of the canal population. Yellow fever was so pervasive and intrusive that it caused among fever and chills much more deadly symptoms including, organ failure, internal hemorrhaging, and jaundice. Much debate surrounded the transmission of yellow fever. Upon reading the effective results of Colonel Gorgas, I was inclined to research what methods he employed to tackle such a feat. I found through additional research a more thorough account of his eradication techniques which first included convincing President Theodore Roosevelt to front the price tag for a process most

Hello Nathan, I enjoyed your post. Chagas is a major disease and I must say it will be interesting to see how the house projects research goes. It is apparent that this aid the Latin America countries in need while including their socio-economical status. Use resources indigoes to the population of countries at hand. It is apparent that close living quarters within humans to humans such as over crowding, and close living of humans to animals aids not just Chagas disease but many. Chagas disease is a disease that can be stopped but is an extremely challenging challenge.

Globalization aided in impacting human health by population mobility. The source of epidemics throughout history can be traced back to human migration (Saker). The effects of these epidemics have changed whole societies. International efforts to prevent the spreading of infections from one country to another have been focused on. Early diseases that spread between Asia and Europe included the bubonic plague, influenzas of various types, and other similar contagious diseases. The world is more interdependent and connected than ever in the era of globalization. This is because inexpensive and efficient transportation allows access to almost everywhere and the increase of global trade of agricultural products brought an increasing number of people into contact with animal disease. Trade routes had long been established between Europe and Asia along which diseases were unintentionally transmitted. The management of malaria is a global role (Carter). Global institutions support the

The disease was not re cognized as a major problem until the 1960s when the World Health Organization Expert Committee estimated that 7 million people from all countries in Latin America were infected. The disease continued to spread. “Between 1980 to 1985 there were 17.4 million people that were infected in 18 endemic countries of Latin America (Chagas disease 2010).” The number of people that are infected yearly has dropped significantly since the 1980s. “In 2005 only 7.7 million individuals of Latin America were infected with Chagas disease (Chagas disease

About 3.3 billion people, that is about half of the world’s population are at risk of contracting malaria (figure 1). Every year there are 250 million cases of malaria, and nearly 1 million deaths. That amounts to 2,732 deaths per day. Out of those million people that die every year, 800,000 of them are African children under the age of 5. To control malaria three actions need to be taken: insecticides need to be used to decrease the vector population, people have to be educated as to how to prevent the vector from reproducing, and anti-malarial drugs need to be distributed. To understand the vector and what the vector is, scientists had to first discover what the parasite was and how it worked. It was not until the year 1880 that French Physician Charles Laveran discovered that Malaria was caused by a protozoan in the genus Plasmodium (Malaria, 2013)