Changes And Development Of Project Management

A Methodology is a model which the managers employ in the design, implementation and achievement of their project objectives. It contains the guidelines required for managing a project.

BPM- used to manage the evolution of existing business processes from one version to an improved version. Business process management is a technique used to create new business processes and to manage changes to existing processes (Kroenke & Boyle, 2015, p. 460)

One commonly-used business process methodology is that of the Systems Development Lifecycle (SDL). The steps of the method involve: defining the components of the proposed system; determining its requirements (interviewing users, determining existing processes); designing the system components (determining specifications and job definitions); implementing the system (building, testing, and/or converting the existing system) and then maintaining the system (by fixing failures and quality monitoring) (Noe 2010: 18).

Forming the priorities for the project considers the three project measurement elements: cost, scope, and time. By determining with the customer which one of these elements are the priority over the others, the project manager can determine which element can be the constraint, which one can be enhanced, and which element to accept. This can affect the quality of the project if time, cost, or scope is the priority. With this project, we do know that the cost of the project cannot exceed a budget of $1.2 million. Therefore the cost is a constraint – no flexibility in this area. Time could be accepted, meaning that the date for the conference could be in twenty or twenty one month – not an exact date. Performance or scope of the project can be enhanced with the flexibility of the projects that the individual teams undertake before the conference. In fact, the service at the venue could be of elegant quality or simply good food. The scope of this project could be enhanced.

Several adaptations to the traditional approaches like agile, interactive, phased, extreme, etc have been made but each will be expected to meet the requirements of the project objectives, timeline, resources, and deliveries of the stakeholders. Other industry standard certifications like ISO9000 and regulations like the Sarbanes-Oxley have also influenced methodologies and processes used by several organisations (Kerzner, 2003). Generally, managing projects should involved five major process which include the project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling, and then project closing. See Fig. 2 below.

So, let 's start with a general definition of "project management". Very simply, project management (PM) is just another way to get things done! However, as businesses and technologies have matured, so has the 'science ' of PM, in lock-step with the nature and scope of business today - global, distributed, matrixed and virtual. It may be easy to get a single task done between a supervisor and their employee when they both sit in the same building, across the hall from each other. The supervisor asks, the employee delivers. However, the nature of work has changed. It has become global - project team members may be comprised of people on multiple continents and time zones. Work has become distributed - a single, complex task can be

Higher Productivity, customer satisfaction & innovation among other things are forcing us to refine and redefine our processes.

The life cycle methodology is a phased approach to building a system, dividing systems development into formal stages.

(Checkland, P., Poulter, J. 2010). The methodology consists of a 7 stages which aids both in theory and in the real world.

This is a complex approach especially for the project for a clear SRS ( Safety Requirement Specification )

Business Process Management (BPM) is increasingly used by various organizations to accomplish better business performance. Empirical study have identified various success and failure case in most organization. However; successful implementation of the approach can provide significant benefits to organization and ensure the achievement of strategic business goals (Malinova et al. 2014). BPM is a discipline that supports continuous process Improvement, sustain performance of organization through the use of business process techniques and modeling to achieve strategic objective (Joston & Nelis,

SDLC stands for the systems development life cycle. It is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. There are five steps to the SDLC, which are planning, analyze, design, implementation, and maintenance. The Boehm- Waterfall Software engineering methodology is the waterfall software contains stages that hold stages of system requirements, software requirements, preliminary and detailed design, implementation, testing, operations, and maintenance. SDLC and the Boehm-Waterfall methodology are extremely similar, however the Boehm-Waterfall is a detailed methodology and also includes validation at each stage where SDLC does not have either of those advantages.

In today’s global economy, every organization is steering their processes in the best possible manner to achieve the competitive edge. Project management has proved itself as viable and one of the best options to deliver preeminent business results. To understand the need of project management, it is crucial to understand why the project should be established within organizations. Projects add value to the existing operations and practices of the organization. To deliver a unique product, to construct a new facility, to enter a new market and to establish various transitions and development, project is necessary. A project is a temporary endeavor to create a new product and services or a result from the optimal utilization of the resources.

Rapid growth of technology in the marketplace has companies examining ways in which businesses operate on a normal level. Managers face challenges with the task of adapting to a changing surroundings and a different breed of employees. Managers must implement a different approach that will allow them to become accustomed to situations that develop inside and outside of the company (Kerzner, 2006). Project management will assist managers in moving forward to reduce bureaucracy and launch flexible actions or tasks that will advance the company and the employees.

The purposes of managing projects are obtaining specific goals with proper planing, organizing, motivating and controlling of resources. Various methods and studies are being used for achieving the best possible outcomes of projects. However, the status quo shows the drawbacks of current projects management. LPDS is the method known as a excellent means that functions on saving resources, and minimuns the costs of projects. ‘Lean production ’ is named by a MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) research group for making the system firstly generated by the Toyota Motor Corporation more easily to accept in implementing projects (Mahsa, 2013). In this article, the comparisons between LPDS and current project management