Chapter 2 Summary
Organisations often face new and sometimes threatening challenges.
The 4 contemporary management functions have been around for years: planning, controlling, leading and organizing.
Managers need to plan what works is to be done, organize people and materials to do it, lead and direct the workers, and impose some controls to ensure everything was done according to plan.
Eg, the pyramids in Egypt.
Two significant events pre-20th century, played an important role in promoting the study of management:
1. 1776 – Adam Smith – argued the economic advantages of division of labour, and the breakdown of jobs into narrow and repetitive tasks, known as job specialization. Division of labour increased productivity by
…show more content…
3. quantitative approach: the use of quantitative techniques to improve decision making. Total Quality Management: a philosophy of management driven by continual improvement and responding to customer needs and expectations. This approach has contributed directly to managerial decision making in the areas of planning and control, such as when managers need to budget, schedule, quality control and similar decisions are made.
4. organizational behavior: a field of study concerned with the actions (behaviours) of people at work. Hawthorne studies: a series of studies during the 1920s and 30s that provided insight into individual and group behaviour. Human relations movement: the belief, for the most part unsubstantiated by
Managers need to be able to plan ahead and to set objectives and co-ordinate the work force, delegate
Managers need to ensure that targets are met and improvements if necessary are made. They need to plan ahead to ensure that their targets are achievable and control the workload to ensure all activities are carried out effectively.
Chapter seven of The View from Saturday starts off back at Academic Bowl Day, where Julian has just contradicted the advisory panel’s sources. This does not worry The Souls, who are ready to let Julian risk it all. Julian repeatedly tells the commissioner that the panel’s information is incomplete. Then, in a flashback, Konigsburg tells the reader more about how Mrs. Olinski’s team prepared. This occurs in third person point-of-view. The week of the district competition, The Souls and Mrs. Olinski brown-bagged their lunches in order to practice during lunch. Mrs. Olinski’s team continued to amaze her with their complimentary skills. They seemed to communicate with “a secret stealth language.” The day before the district competition, Conner LeDue, the principal of
The first days of April 1945 seem like all the other days for Tomasz. He’s starving. He doesn’t know how long he can physically take the abuse from the guards or the physical toll of the backbreaking labor. But he notices activity in and around the tunnels has changed. There are fewer guards for one thing which seems odd to Tomasz. Everywhere he looks he can see less work being done in the tunnels and a lot more frantic activity near the two entrances.
students at MIT in which students are connected to technology that connects them to real and
Managers are employees that manage workers, resources, projects and tasks. They ensure workers with the right skill sets are assigned to complete projects; additionally, they ensure resources are allotted to accomplish the projects. They also monitor the workers and project to ascertain everything is on track with the project timeline.
Chapter 12 mainly focuses on describing how students use reading and writing as learning tools, explaining how students use writing to demonstrate learning, discussing how to use content area textbooks, and how to develop a thematic unit. Students use reading and writing as learning tools because “when students read about a topic first, their writing is enhanced because of what they learn, and when they write about an idea from a book they’re reading, their comprehension is deepened because they’re exploring big ideas and relationships among them
Smith gives 3 reasons as to why division of labour increase’s productivity. First, division of labour would allow the worker to have specialised knowledge of the task he is
The four functions of management, planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, are very essential in building strong organizations and even stronger more effective teams. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are the functions of management. These function activities must be preformed by all managers regardless of their industry level, title, or the task they have at hand. These four management skill are used when ever a project or a task is at hand. Even in the field we are working in, many of us may have been using the four management functions and not noticed what they were, or we may have been a part of a team that was lead by the functions of management and not noticed what was
According to Smith, “The greatest improvements in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which it is anywhere directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labour,” (Smith 13). He regards the division of labour as one of the most important innovation in history and what drives the growth of economies,
Organizational behaviour is field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, group, and structure have on behaviour within the organization. It is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within organizations. It covers three determinants of behaviours in organizations: individuals, groups, and structure.
Managers are expected to do a multitude of things. A manager has to be a visionary and adaptive to meet the current demands of what is required of them at all level
Management has not always been the way it is as of today. There were many people that warped and shaped the ideals of management throughout history. A few of those people are Adam Smith, Henry Fayol, Mary Parker Follett, and Henry Gantt. We see many of their principles and theories in modern management techniques. I have personally seen their effects in my management experiences. Another company that has great management ideals is Zappos.
A manager is the person responsible for planning and directing the work of a group of individuals, monitoring their work and corrective actions when necessary.
The total quality management or TQM is the particular management approach which was originated in the year 1950. It became popular in the early 1980s and from then on implemented in various ways in different firms. It is the explanation of the culture and attitude of the organization that provides the customer satisfaction with the products and the services. The culture will need quality in every aspects of the operation of the company. The processes should be done in the right method by eliminating any waste during the operations.