Chapter Four
Chapter four goes over the many great benefactors who have helped education become what it is today. This chapter looks into the way society has viewed children over the centuries, starting as early as the medieval ages. Also discussed is the discrimination against Native Americans, African Americans, and genders.
The theory I would like to delve into from this chapter is the theory from many centuries ago in the medieval age. I found the section that discussed "Miniature Adults" (page 117) theory to be quite interesting. In the medieval ages, society looked at children as being small adults. Because of the way of living back then, a child really didn't have a large window of acting like a child. They had to very quickly grow up and become independent. The section makes a correlation between the medieval ages and the 21st century by pointing out the growing trend of parents dressing their children like little adults and treating them older than their natural development allows them. More and more children are being hurried to grow up and it causes an increasing number of issues.
…show more content…
Friedrich Froebel encouraged the idea of children as growing plants. He connected children to plants and parents to gardeners. Fun fact: the name Kindergarten comes from Frobel. Kindergarten literally means garden of children. The next term is children as property. Because parents are the ones who formed the child, they have most of the power over their minor and are able to raise their child in the means they want to, within legal limits. The last term is child centered. Child centered refers to the belief that every child is unique and they deserve to receive the best education possible for themselves individually. Teachers should observe and understand how an individual learns best and then make an adjustment to meet that
Throughout the history of public education, there have been barriers to the equality of opportunity philosophy. Thomas Jefferson’s proposal and Horace Mann’s implementation of public schools excluded non-citizens like blacks, women, and Native Americans. Next, an increase in immigration and industrialization widened cultural and economic differences between students. The greatest obstacle to equal education
* Fred Froebel (1782-1852) founded the first kindergarten and learned that it was important for children to get involved in real
|The Child Centered Approach promotes the right of the child to choose, make connections and communicate. It allows freedom for
During early modern Europe, children were viewed in many different ways which changed how parents chose to raise their children. During the 1500’s, the mortality rates for children were high, therefore children were viewed as if they were adults and very precious if they survived, many people believed that they needed to treat children harshly to make them strong. In the 1600’s, children were raised tenderly as they were rational beings that could use reason. Children were viewed in many ways during early modern Europe to be rational, precious, and in need of guidance where these views determined the parents’ choice in child rearing to behaving harshly to kind guidance.
All early childhood theories have changed so much though the years based on a diverse multicultural world and new laws to protect students, have been put into place to aid these children. Research that was taken back in the 1900 containing educational theories were all in competition with each other in their field. Students at that time, were meant to act with self-discipline and own motivation. Those theories were researched for that time period. Society is always changing as a whole. It is reflecting on the expectations and demands on students today.
Being child-centered is also about supporting and maintaining their rights. Young children are active participants in their own learning, make decisions about what and how they will learn, they construct new knowledge and skills by building on current knowledge and skills, they understand expectations and are encouraged to use self-assessment measures and work in collaboration with other children.
In the 1800s most families had about seven children, then in the industrial era the families had about three or four children. The reason that the average of children dropped in this era was due to couples waiting longer to get married or spacing the pregnancies out. One of the big causes of fewer children in this era was because of contraceptives. Contraceptives were just discovered and many couples realize that it was a very effective method. With families having fewer children their main concern was getting their children educated and have knowledge about the economy, so they would be successful in the real world. Education became more populated this time in history, about 71% of children ages five to eighteen went to school. Women became
Froebel was born in Germany and was the son of a clergyman. His mother died when he was only 9 months old and his father had remarried by the time he reached the age of 4. He founded the first kindergarten in 1837. ‘Play is the highest level of child development...the play of childhood are the germinal leaves of all later development’ (Froebel, 1887, p.54-55). Froebel’s kindergarten used free play, games, songs, stories, and skills to kindle imagination while
Four well known theorists each created their own ideas on how children develop mentally and physically, how they learn from others and the conceptual of what they are like when they are first brought into the world. Through research and their own experience, these scientists challenged the current beliefs of their time on two topics: active and reactive development and constant or ever changing development. The philosopher John Locke supported reactive development where children developed completely based on what was happening in their life and growth was constant. In his eyes, society determined how a baby boy or girl would mature and has stages that can provide an advance declaration of their physical and mental growth in the following years.However, the philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau supported active development and ever changing development. To Rousseau, kids progress in how they think and look is set in stages where each stage is not the same as the last. Each theory is based on an angle different from the others that affect the researches questions, processes and interpretation: psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, contextual and evolutionary.
Part AFredrick Frobel believed that children learn when they are lively and free. He also believed that
The portrayal of children in Ancient Greece changed from the Archaic period (610 - 480 BC) to their portrayal in the Hellenistic age (323 - 31 BC). Through art, scholars can piece together the status and roles of children, including how their lives were different in various city states. Art became became more personal and more detailed during the Hellenistic age; for example, the portrayal of children during this time depicted their physical and mental state--often a playful scene free from the worry and stress that weigh down adults; while during the Archaic period, artist tended to depict children as adults that were simply smaller in size. Another interesting and different depiction of children in Ancient Greece can be found in comparing
Some explorers found many fluting a in caves, that is what made them think that children in the Stone Age had art lessons. The fluting a were made by children. We know this by 3 things, these 3 things are… The first way is they measure the width of the middle finger, index finger, and the ring finger. If the width was under 34 millimeters it was made by a child. The tips or the fingernails of the paintings can determine the age and the gender.
When children in ancient Greece were born the father could decide whether to keep the child or not. When children were accepted by the father the children were treated well. When boys became seven they started school, and they learned math, reading, and writing. Girls did not go to school, and both genders were considered adults by the age of thirteen. (Technological Solutions, Inc., 2015)
Treating each child as an individual and meeting their individual needs by acknowledging parents ' wishes and beliefs.