Chapter 7 and 8 Study Guide: a Survey American History

Lewis and Clark went on their journey to explore the western region of what is now known as

Through the period of 1865-1900, America’s agriculture underwent a series of changes .Changes that were a product of influential role that technology, government policy and economic conditions played. To extend on this idea, changes included the increase on exported goods, do the availability of products as well as the improved traveling system of rail roads. In the primate stages of these developing changes, farmers were able to benefit from the product, yet as time passed by, dissatisfaction grew within them. They no longer benefited from the changes (economy went bad), and therefore they no longer supported railroads. Moreover they were discontented with the approach that the government had taken towards the situation.

Lewis had a very interesting life and he showed it in a countless number of ways. According to Bio.com, Meriwether Lewis was born near Ivy, Virginia, on August 18, 1774 (“Meriwether Lewis”). Before he led the expedition, Meriwether was

The overall influence of the Supreme Court under John Marshall can be understood through the five main court cases over which he presided; Marbury v. Madison (1803), Fletcher v. Peck (1810), Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819), McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824). The first significant case Marshall was faced with was Marbury v. Madison in 1803. In the last few days of his presidency, John Adams appointed members of the Federalist Party to the new offices he created within the judicial branch. When Thomas Jefferson took office he told James Madison, his secretary of state, not to deliver the unsent commissions to some of the “midnight appointments”, one of who was William Marbury. He appealed to the Supreme Court, asking for a court order that would require Madison to send out the commission, which was part of his job. The Judiciary Act of 1789 supported Marbury’s demands because it authorized the Supreme Court to order

The Louisiana Purchase was a portion of land west of the mississippi. It was purchased from Napoleon (French) by the U.S. for 15 million dollars in 1803. The U.S. wanted new orleans because then The United States would have a faster route to get to the coastal states. The federalist had legitimate problems with the Purchase and expressed them openly.

Federalism was the first guard against tyranny. The central government and states both had their own powers but also shared a few. They had trading, conducting foreign relations, declaring war, making immigration laws etc. Local state governments got elections, establishing schools, passing marriage and divorce laws, and regulating in-state business. “The different governments will control each other and at the same time it will be controlled by itself,” said James Madison in the federalist paper #51.

Marshall complained that the Constitution is the “supreme law of the land” and that the Supreme Court ultimately has the final say so when it comes to evaluating the meaning of the Constitution. Marshall states, “ lt is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is.” To present Marshall’s initial plea at hand, Marshall argues that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional. In Marshall 's perspective, Congress could not present the Supreme Court with the power to issue an order granting Marbury his commission. Only the Constitution could do so, and the document said nothing about the Supreme Court having the power to issue such an order. Thus, the Supreme Court could not force Jefferson and Madison to appoint Marbury, because it did not have the power to do so.

The Louisiana Purchase was a “land deal” made between France and the U.S. in December of 1803, where France sold America 828,000 miles of land along the west side of the Mississippi River for 15 million dollars (approximately 4 cents per acre). People regard it as Thomas Jefferson’s greatest achievement because of how drastically it changed the United States. The purchase greatly expanded America and brought many other benefits along with it. Although it was definitely a major benefit to the United States, even Jefferson had his doubts about the purchase. But despite their many doubts, the U.S. made the decision to ratify the purchase, and because of that decision, America has changed for the better.

Following the Civil War, a second industrial revolution in America brought many changes to the nation’s agriculture sector. The new technologies that were created transformed how farmers worked and the way in which the sector functioned. Agriculture expanded and became more industrial. Meanwhile government policies, or lack of them for a while, and hard economic conditions put difficult strains on farmers and their occupation. These changes in technology, economic conditions, and government policy from 1865 to 1900 transformed and improved agriculture while leaving farmers in hardship.

made louisiana apart of the union/ lead to great growth in territory Tecumseh leader of indian military. lead to

It is my belief that Thomas Jefferson and the United States government should purchase the Louisiana Territory and the accompanying land on the grounds that it will double our nation's size.

President John Adams had made many federal appointments. He did this at the very end of his term. One of the appointments was William Marbury. Thomas Jefferson, refused to recognize the appointment of Marbury. The normal practice of making such appointments was to deliver a "commission," or notice, of appointment. This was normally done by the Secretary of State. Jefferson's Secretary of State at the time was James Madison. Madison refused to deliver Marbury's commission. Marbury sued Madison. This led Supreme Court to take the case. Chief Justice John Marshall wrote that the Judiciary Act of 1789. This act spelled out the practice of delivering commissions for judges and justices of the peace. This was unconstitutional because it the gave

The Louisiana Purchase is the biggest exchange of land in history. Jefferson’s acquisition of this big piece of land doubled the United States’ size for 15 million dollars. The Louisiana Purchase would have not happen without Napoléon’s loss of interest in the french american empire. At the time, Thomas Jefferson was in office,the president’s political beliefs opposed this to happen, what convinced him? As the United States started to expand, gaining alliance with the most powerful forces on the planet, business and influence started to flourish. New Orleans became the most diverse place in the country both socially and politically.

The government played a huge role in the development of a stronger national market. This influence and interaction with the people from the federal government was not a role Thomas Jefferson wanted them to have. Thomas Jefferson believed that the best federal government was the one that had less power than the state governments. He believed that a small federal government with limited powers was most likely to leave the people alone to enjoy the blessings of liberty. Jefferson recognized the value of a strong central government in foreign relations, but he did not want it strong in other respects. In Jefferson’s view, centralized government was simply tyranny waiting to happen again and believed that the states could best govern the domestic matters within its own state. He insisted on a strict construction of the Constitution. That the constitution should mean exactly what it said and any addition to the powers listed was unconstitutional. He feared that a strong national government, much like the British monarchy, created too much centralized power and would deprived citizens in the various states of the ability to make their own decisions. Hamilton on the other hand believed that the country should be ruled by educated and wealthy men like himself. Hamilton feared political and social disorder due to the absence of governmental control. He wanted to use the

In 1739, 2 European men went on a quest to find a northwest passage through the Western Sea. They would have to track through much dangerous wilderness for many, many miles. These 2 men went forth to face all of this danger and the Indian country for the glory of France. This all led to the discovery of the Rocky Mountains. Sieur de La Verendrye had travelled through the west most of his life, and going where no white man would ever go. As he came old he decided to pass down all of his work to his devoted sons. Pierre and the Chevalier, they joined him on many of his journeys and knew that they would be able to do the job. Even though he failed to find a way to the Western Sea himself, he believed that his sons would be able to find a way.