Characteristics Of The Biochar Derived From Pine Fruit Residue

Cyanide is a highly toxic compound that needs proper management so as not to endanger the aquatic environment. This research studied the adsorption of cyanide in water on synthesized and calcined Mg/Al hydrotalcite. Synthesis of Mg/Al hydrotalcite with the direct co-precipitation method has been conducted by adding 0.825 mol NaOH to a solution containing 0.25 mol of Mg (NO3)2.6H2O and 0.125 mol of Al (NO3)3.9H2O until pH 10.3. A half portion of synthesized Mg/Al hydrotalcite was calcined at temperature of 5500C for 3 hours. Synthesized Mg/Al hydrotalcite and calcined Mg/Al hydrotalcite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, TGA, SEM-EDX and BET. The optimum condition of adsorption of cyanide on synthesized Mg/Al hydrotalcite obtained

Maintain nanofiltration membranes of low molecular weight organic compounds, divalent ions, large monovalent ions, Hydrolyzed reactive dyes and dyeing of auxiliaries. Harmful effects of high concentrations of dye and salts in dye house outflows have often been reported (33, 34, 35). In most published studies on dye waste water, the concentration of mineral salts is not more than 20 g / l and the concentration of dye does not exceed 1.5 g / l (36). In general, the wastewater is reconstituted with only one dye (37), and the volume studied is also low. The treatment of waste water by nanofiltration is one of the rare applications that are possible for the treatment of solutions with highly concentrated and complex solutions (38). An important problem is the accumulation of dissolved solids, which eliminates the treated discharge outflows in water currents

The influent, after screening and decanting is stored to the flow and organic load equalization tank and then inflows at a rate of QF = 80m3 d-1 to the SNdN activated sludge system. The SNdN system actually functions as an autonomous treatment plant where oxidation of organic pollutants, nitrification/denitrification and suspended solids sedimentation are taking place. Furthermore a sludge recycling from the secondary clarifier to the aeration tank is performed so as to ensure the required microbiological load (5000 ± 450 mg L-1). The aeration tank of the SNdN activated sludge system operates under low D.O. concentration (between 0,2 to 0,7 mg L-1). According to Mercalf and Eddy (2003), under low D.O. concentration conditions, low nitrification rates result, as the activated sludge floc will be partially aerobic. Denitrification occurs in the anoxic zones within the floc particles due to oxygen depletion. These conditions results nitrogen removal in a single aeration tank, referred as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (Mercalf and Eddy, 2003). In such systems, although usually both nitrification and denitrification are occurring at low rates, relative high SRT and HRT values achieves significant nitrogen removal (Mercalf and Eddy, 2003). The SRT and HRT values of the SNdN system studied are 29 and 0,75 days respectively.

Removal of Arsenic from contaminated water by using Raw and Treated Laterite as an adsorption surface

A Fuzzy Approach For Modeling Potential Wind Farm Areas: A Case Of Hitosa Woreda, Oromia Region,

Figure 7 (A-F) represents all of the above six kinetic models, respectively. Moreover, all of the constants and correlation coefficients for the above six kinetic models were calculated in Table 3. The data exhibited that the adsorption process of malachite green dye follows the pseudo-second-order model more than pseudo-first-order, because the correlation coefficients of the first model is greater than

The comparative on selectivity and sorption characteristic of the prepared material towards radioactive liquid waste and/or contaminated wastewater are evaluated for emergency case of environmental contamination.

Treatments of heavy metal contaminants from effluent discharged by industries are more complex than designing the treatment process. Bacopa Monnieri is one of the wetland plant used for the removal of heavy metal, lead (Pb) from the aquatic medium. Effluent was collected from the Lead acid battery waste treatment plant. It is standardized to 5, 10 and 15ppm to observe the uptake by plant. Effluent was categorized as Direct Effluent (DE), DE+Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and DE+Cow Dung Manure (CDM), where EDTA and CDM were used as a chelating agent to influence in accumulation rate and degradation rate. Concentration of Pb in soil, plant (root and shoots), and effluent had been done to calculate the degradation of Pb, Translocation factor (TF) and Bioconcentration factor (BCF). This experiment shows tremendous differences in wetland plant unlike the researches done in past. Results of the experiment were discussed below.

The sampling technique can get big filtering plants and those plants are costly according to finance. The research purpose is to develop two kinds of process that may assure that absorption and exudation are two ways of same authority. The absorption method is best that can initiate change according to change environment. The environment has come with bio degradation methods

Activated carbon (AC) is an adsorbent in wastewater treatment used in either granular or powdered form. The filtration device uses AC which has a slight electro-positive charge added to it, making it attractive to chemicals and impurities. Contaminants that can be removed from the water by adsorption on activated carbon include both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the acceptable limit dose of copper (II) ions in drinking water approved is 2.0 mg/L. Therefore, the removal of copper (II) ions from wastewater is urgent before their rejection into the environment in order to preserve public health and environmental disorder. Thus it has been a matter of concern of several researches in recent years. Copper (II) ions can be removed from wastewater by using different techniques including chemical coagulation, ion exchange, solvent extraction and adsorption. Among these above cited techniques, adsorption is the mostly appreciated due to its easier protocol, efficiency and low operation cost. In matter of fact, several adsorbents such as clays [4-5], wheat shells [6], bagasse fly ash [7], modified goethite [8] and metakaolin-based geopolymer [9] have been used for this purpose. A particular attention had been paid to clays which are available, cheaper and possessed interesting chemical and mechanical properties. Additionally, clay minerals have different adsorption capacities for metal ions. They have been found to be very effective, economical and versatile [10]. In the scientific literature, several studies have been reported on kaolinite clay for adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions [4, 11]. In this present work, a natural kaolinite (KAO) and its thermal treatment form, metakaolinite (MKB) were

Continuous growth in population of the world has led to rapid increase in demand and competition for water. Also, Canada is one of the highest water users per capita in the world(Government of Canada). Therefore, removal of contaminates from water that threat the quality and integrity of water resources is an important issue and demands vast researches to be conducted in this field.

The disposal of untreated wastewater coming from the industries into the water bodies will pollute the water bodies because of its high concentrations. So, the wastewater produced from the industry should be treated properly to meet the permissible limits given by central and state pollution control boards. Therefore it is necessary to treat the wastewater properly with the help of an appropriate treatment plant. However, the treatment plant even though properly planned may not work satisfactory because of several reasons. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the treatment plant considering individual treatment unit in the entire treatment flow. In the present work emphasis has been given to the study of the performance of treatment facilities because of its importance in the conventional treatment of wastewater. Hence, the literature review related to the evaluation of the entire treatment process along with biological treatment process particularly suspended growth process Activated Sludge Process (ASP), attached growth process Trickling Filter (TF) and a combination of the both suspended and attached growth process Hybrid Reactor (HR) is presented in the following sections of this chapter.

Biochar produced from pyrolysis process is known as a chemically and biologically stable form of carbon because microbes find it very difficult to break down and remain stable in soil for hundreds or thousands years. The carbon contained in the biochar is not degrading to carbon dioxide (CO2) to the same extent as untreated organic materials. Hence, biochar can be a very low cost soil amendment with low carbon sequestration capacity. It can affect in improving the quality of soil, prevent soil erosion, increases water retention, reduces fertilizer leaching and soil acidity and increases the plant yield of vegetation grown in biochar amended soil.

Titania Modified Activated Carbon Prepared from Sugar Cane Bagasse: Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue under Visible Light Irradiation