Charanjit Padda Research Paper

In collectivist cultures, emphasis is on group success and individual ambitions are generally set aside for the attainment of group goals. Firoozeh’s Iranian culture is principle collectivistic. She shows examples of this quality through the closeness of her family such as shared meals by her aunt, financial support between family members, an uncle that cohabitates with her family, and encouragement of cousins toward success.

Michael, Shelly and Manpreet’s presentation on Sikh immigration to Canada was a thorough historical overview of all the push and pull factors that resulted in Sikhs migrating from India. The presentation covered the three major periods of immigration and the push and pull factors that saw Sikhs wanting to migrate. In doing so, the group looked at some of the structural inequities that made it difficult for people to migrate. Michael looked at some of the struggles faced by Sikhs in preserving and maintaining their culture in Canada by shedding light on the Sikh identity and some components of their religion that often are misconstrued in the media. As such, this review will discuss some of the main topics covered in the presentation, and highlight and raise some questions that

In Communications Between Cultures individualism and collectivism are described by researchers as “self-orientation versus collective orientation as one of the basic pattern variables that determine human action.” These differences can be found in family life, school, and workplace

In this paper I will begin by defining personal culture and national culture. After, I will then elaborate my own personal and national culture. I will continue to talk about the subject with the person that I have chosen for my cultural group, my mother, and I will identify her personal and national culture. Lastly, I will talk about my own personality and how it has a connection with my own natural culture; knowing this is important, it lets us know who we are, and how we act with people who are from different cultures.

Individualism is a habit of being self- reliant. A cultural value is a persons desired and preferred way of acting. Every culture has their own cultural values and individualism but whether individualism is their cultural value is up to the person entirely. This could pose a conflict when persuading the wrong culture especially a culture as diverse as the American culture. Poranee Sponsel is a born and raised Thai who is now a professor at a university in Hawaii and gives us the outsider’s perspective of the American culture. In Sponsel’s article “The Young, the Rich, and the Famous: Individualism as an American Cultural value” Sponsel

Canada is referred to as a ‘land of immigrants’ since a large number of newcomers have settled here and helped to enhance and preserve its ethnicity and diversity. Every country has its own norms and principles in accommodating new immigrants and assisting them to settle down. However, not all the immigrants are fortunate enough to sustain the uncertain circumstances that they had foreseen before migrating to a new country. While in the process of adjusting to a new society, these settlers are often reminded of the fact that they are not in their own country. Such circumstances put them in a tight spot of returning back to their homeland. Thus, taking instances from the writings of Mehri Yalfani, Isabel Vincent and Himani Benerji, the facts that new immigrants have to come across various complications throughout their journey of settlement to a new country, are being raised in the subsequent part of this journal. Moreover, the issues related to racism in Canada and the assurance of equality and freedom from racial discrimination to the Canadians are also reflected below.

Khalif Browde is a young African American man who was arrested at the age of 16 for allegedly stealing a backpack. He was imprisoned for three years on New York's Riker Island without trial and spent most of his time in solitary confinement isolated by himself. On May 15,2010, at the age of 16, Browder and his friends were stopped by multiple police cars coming from a party. Browder was under the impression that this was a routine stop and frisk, which he has experienced on various occasions.

This paper is an attempt to understand ethnicity exhibited in the Canadian labor market. There is a long history of maintaining unfair policies and biased practices towards Canadians who are racially different on the basis of skin color and other apparent features. Sadly with time unfavorable policies and differential treatments targeted at racial minorities turn out to be specialized characteristics for these groups. Given this framework, unfavorable social features ascribed to racial minorities and superficial characteristics become inseparable. It has been proved by research that even to this day; Canadian society persists to assign disparate social value to people of diverse origins. Several studies have reveal that non-white minorities are regarded as generally less favorable and less desirable than people of European origin by Canadians, and that the concept of “race” continues to be a way to make sense of their daily experiences

In the United States, we see a lot of individuals change their focus of culture. In the article found from a website called, “How American Individualism is Evolving,” written by Daniel Yankelovich, he states, “I’ve long suspected the 1960s’ conception of ‘satisfy-my-needs' individualism is bad for society, bad for personal relationships, bad for children, and bad for the people who hold it.” Before, culture used to be oriented around family, which was usually around mom, dad, siblings, cousins, aunts and uncles. People do not look at culture the same and it has been reduced and the traditions have changed.

Triandis ( 1972 in Pedersen 1994) focused on the culture ‘in our heads’ , which is composed of the shared experiences and knowledge of a self-perpetuating and continuous human group, which is part and parcel of the personal reality. Triandis, Bontemplo, Leung & Hui (1990 cited in Pedersen 1994) distinguished between demographic, cultural and personal constructs. Cultural constructs they identified as being shared by group of people, who live in the same geographical location at the same time, speak the same dialect and shared the same norms, roles, values and ways to describe experience. Demographic constructs deal with the same topics, but when shared by a particular demographic group within a culture, such as men and women, young and old. Personal constructs belong to another category of individual differences and cannot be meaningfully interpreted with references to the cultural and demographic membership. Each of the three constructs are closely related with the others, but they should be examined independently. Counselling in this case should take into account cultural and demographic differences, but work on a personal level. Contrary to this view stands Hofstede( 1986, 1992 cited in Pedersen 1996) who described three factors or dimensions that constitute and influence culture. The first concept is individualism-collectivism- a person experiences himself as a self-contained unique entity, striving to attain his or her own goals and to realize his or her

Looking at the chart the first dimension of culture plotted is individualism-collectivism. This dimension addresses how people define themselves and their relationships with others. Cultures that fall on the individualism side of the continuum share four characteristics. First, such cultures consider the individual to be the most important entity in any social setting. Second, individualistic cultures stress independence rather than dependence. Third, individualistic cultures reward individual achievement. The last characteristic is; individualistic cultures value each individual’s uniqueness.

To best compare and contrast my chosen CALD groups, the cultures of the Aboriginal and Chinese people, I focused my research and analysis on the dimensions of individualism vs collectivism and communitarianism.

Individualistic cultures tend to favor feeling free and less responsible for the members around them. In class, we discussed our own experiences of living in an individualistic culture. For example, if a parent were to become ill and more dependent, it is not uncommon for the children to send the parent to a nursing home. The ill parent would feel embarrassed if their child had to help them use a restroom or bathe themselves.Whereas, in a collectivism

| The fundamental issue addressed by this dimension is the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. It has to do with whether people´s self-image is defined in terms of “I” or “We”. In Individualist societies people are supposed to look after themselves and their direct family only. In Collectivist societies people belong to ‘in

This essay will discuss the influence of cultural dimensions on behavior. A cultural dimension is defined as a perspective of a culture based on its values and cultural norms. In particular, Hofstede’s cultural dimension of individualism vs. collectivism will be discussed. Individualism vs collectivism is defined as the preference of a person only being concerned about oneself and looking after oneself, compared to a person who wants to remain in a closely knitted network. These are some terms with definitions which will be used in this essay: the Asch paradigm, which refers to the studies conducted by Solomon Asch, in which he showed his participants different lines and asked them to verbally judge and respond as to what the length of the