Charcot Marie Tooth Disease Essay

a. Which presynaptic cell must have action potentials to produce one or more action potentials in the postsynaptic cell?

My life has truly been transformed by Dentistry; it has boosted my confidence and aligned me with the career path of my dreams. Early on in life, every aspect of Dentistry captured my heart. Learning to cope with my embarrassing smile inspired me to want to help others by giving them what they always dreamed of. Knowing I have the power to make someone's dreams come to life is the reason I wake up each morning with a drive and desire to achieve my goals. While striving with a strong focus, packaged with confidence and sincerity, I will pursue my passion through demanding training. I not only plan to be a hardworking, determined and ambitious student, but with my skills as an orthodontist, it will further my ability to be an active member in

What parts of the body does it affect? How common is it? Are there multiple forms/causes for developing the condition? How long can an individual survive?

     Periodontal disease is more commonly known as gum disease or gingivitis. This infection is serious enough, that it can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. This chronic infection starts around the tooth and it affects the supporting bone and gums. Periodontal disease can affect anywhere from one tooth to all thirty-two teeth. The disease pathology starts with the plaque that builds up on your teeth everyday.

It can lead to permanent, irreversible and incurable effects that will bring a lifetime of pain for

Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder where the myelin sheath within the Central Nervous System is attacked (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2017). The myelin sheath protects the axon of the nerve cell. When the myelin sheath is intact, the axon is able to carry impulses away from the neuron’s cell body, and the message carried is clear. With Multiple Sclerosis, the myelin sheath becomes scarred, hence the word “sclerosis”, and distorts the nerve impulses traveling over the CNS (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2017). This may cause the message to be changed or stopped altogether.

However, by using the same techniques to modify embryos in order to make the changes permanent, irreversible changes to future generations and to our common genetic heritage (the human germline) can cause many problems. There are known risks involved with producing this organism. The “bad” genes from the sperm and egg cells have the potential to wipe out diseases caused by the single mutations in

Treatment of periodontal disease can be broadly divided into two, non-surgical and surgical. Longitudinal comparison between non-surgical and surgical therapy had been studied extensively by groups of researchers, namely the Gothenburg, the Michigan, the Minnesota, the Nebraska, and the Arizona group. There are some heterogeneities between studies from different groups. Some studies focused on single rooted teeth, while others included molars. Majority of the studies are done in a university setting, while the Arizona study was done in private practices.

Dr. Muir: Currently we are working on a cure, but there is one sure way that your future children would not be able to have this disease. This process it un-ethical to some but it is a way to prevent this child from having a horrible life.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth also known as CMT is a disorders that damage the nerves in the arms and legs.

Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy or more commonly referred to as Charcot foot is a condition most often associated with diabetic neuropathy. This serious condition often affects the bones, joints and soft tissues and can lead to serious deformation or even amputation of the lower extremity. So, in the following paragraphs the causes, signs and symptoms, how it’s diagnosed, treated, and typical prognosis will be discussed.

Recent studies suggest that genome editing of germ line cells is an effective strategy for mutated gene correction in sperms and oocytes for the inhibition of onset of inherited disorder. The first time, germ line genome editing in human by CRISPR/Cas9 system , was carried out to correct mutation of HBB (Beta globin) gene in zygote of β-thalassemia patients by homologous DNA recombination (HDR) [80, 81]. Embryonic genome editing utilized in the treatment of such monogenic diseases prior to birth is a rational use of embryonic genome editing in germ line cells. Homologous DNA recombination by traditional gene editing techniques in mammalian eggs has a low rate (<10%) in term of

If a treatment is implicated before the child is born – germline gene therapy – he or she could lose all trace of that defective gene, and therefore wouldn’t pass the disease on to future generations. In somatic gene therapy, treatment is conducted when the patient is an

    Through recombinant DNA techniques, scientists have already experimented with bacteria and copied their cellular system that allows them to defend themselves from viruses in order to create a new restriction enzyme called Cas9, which then gets bound to an RNA guide strand. This new enzyme introduces new genetic material into the human genome as DNA replicates. This method will be useful for families members who carry harmful recessive alleles. Their babies could inherit the genetic disorder, but with recombinant DNA techniques, the harmful gene or genes could easily be replaced with a functional gene. Lauren Friedman, Senior editor for

Gene therapy, in a nutshell, is the use of genetic information from genes in the treatment and prevention of diseases to modify the phenotype of cells. According to Maria P. Limberis of the University of Pennsylvania, “prior to the publication of the DNA structure by Dr. James D. Watson and Dr. Francis Crick, Dr Clyde E. Keeler predicted in 1947 that gene therapy would be ‘a therapeutic technique’, ‘achieving permanent correction of hereditary diseases’. Delivery and expression of a therapeutic gene in an affected tissue or organ holds great promise for the treatment of various life-threatening acquired and inherited diseases that affect humans”[21].