Chdi Case Study

My practical competencies have been obtained through working with a general and orthopaedic surgeon. Whilst working with my clinical supervisor, (a consultant orthopaedic surgeon) we decided it would be beneficial to review orthopaedic wound infections. I chose to concentrate on wound infections during a Total Hip Replacement (THR). Wound infections is a massive subject so I have selected specific areas to look at, which are:

In recent years, surgical site infections are verified as one of the most errors that are common in the healthcare; however, they are also preventable. These research papers will synthesis information about surgical infections, patient experience, hospital-acquired conditions and achievement of expected treatment for specific clinical diagnoses. A surgical site infection is an infected condition in the body after surgery has occurred. Surgical site infections are caused by germs, called bacteria. Different types of bacteria from the environment may cause a delay in healing. The infection may come from surgical tools or bacteria on the skin if it is not clean correctly. Healthcare professionals use certain guidelines and

Lastly, non-adherence to Aseptic techniques for surgical patients and with the use invasive of devices such as urinary catheter and central lines can pose as a threat to patients. Bathing patients prior to surgery with a chlorhexidine solution rather than regular soap has proven to reduce the spread of hospital acquired infections. Following protocols with urinary catheters and central lines and also following the guidelines in the care and maintenance of such devices. Another factor is the importance of using chlorhexidine solution for patients who have central lines in an effort to prevent getting an infection in the blood stream. Finally, the importance educating patients on all lines and surgical site care. According to Lobley, “the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence found that surgical site infections (SSIs) accounted for 14% of all HAIs and affected 5% of all surgical patients” (Lobley, 2013). Surgical site infection which is another form of hospital acquired infection can

Treatment with postoperative antibiotics did not significantly reduce the risk of developing superficial SSIs, deep SSIs or organ space SSIs. The patients received postoperative antibiotics were significantly more likely to sustain a postoperative urinary tract infection (P=0.03), increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection (P =0.01) and postoperative diarrhea (P = 0.02) while showing higher rates of both readmission (P= 0.08) and reoperation (P = 0.07) (Table 3) with a significantly longer postoperative length of stay (2.6 vs 1.4 days, P = 0.001) (Table1&

The agents chosen by most hospitals are chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) 2% and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). “The use of a 2% chlorhexidine-based preparation for cutaneous antisepsis is classified as a Category 1A recommendation—the highest level of recommendation the CDC bestows” (ChloraPrep FAQs, 2015). Alcohol is contraindicated in some instances “…including procedures in which the preparatory agent may pool or not dry, for example, procedures involving hai due to fire risk. Alcohol may also be contraindicated for procedures involving mucosa, cornea, or ear” (Anderson, et. al. 2014) Skin should be allowed to dry after the prepping of the skin. Chlorahexadine washes are encouraged the night before and the day of surgery.

Hospital acquired infections are diseases that people acquire while they are getting treatment for another illness in a hospital. To be considered as a hospital acquired infection, the patient must not have had the disease before admitted into the hospital. Hospital acquired infections are associated with different kinds of risk factors including the use medical devices such as endotracheal, bloodstream, and urinary catheters; surgical procedures; injections; contamination of the health care environment; transmission of communicable diseases between patients and healthcare workers; and overuse or improper use of antibiotics. The most common hospital acquired infections include infections of surgical site, catheter-related infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream infections, and ventilator-related pneumonia. These four categories of infections account for more than eighty percent of all hospital acquired

A surgical site infection, or SSI, is an infection of a wound that was made due to surgery. Such infections can be superficial (infection of skin only) and other infections can be more serious (deep tissue infection). A superficial infection at the surgical site is defined as “an infection

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Data was collected from inpatient progress notes, outpatient progress notes, operative reports and anesthesia records. In all instances the same standard AMD was used. This dressing has been shown to decrease the risk of acute infection after total joint arthroplasty compared to dry gauze dressings. The AMD was left in place for a minimum of 5 days unless it became saturated and required a premature dressing change (Cooper & Bas 2015).

SSI (surgical site infection) is not the norm, but don’t be mistaken they happen anywhere from 1 to 3 percent according to Johns Hopkins. A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs at the site of surgery and therefore can be attributed to the surgery.

Chest is the most commonly used incision area for cardiac surgery patient. Surgery surgical site infection (SSI) is life-threatening complication ranked as 3rd among all infection in health care facilities. SSI results morbidity mortality and increases medical expenses. Thus its is important to strengthened measures to prevent and control SSI. Uncleanness of surgical area can occur at any period of time before during and after. Numerous factors can contribute to the happening of SSI. To decrease the occurrence of SSI and improved quality of patient’s care, it is necessary to find out risk factor. Gain knowledge for planning and implementation of strategies for prevention and control of the infection is vital. Author of this paper would like

The researchers’ goal was to achieve successful wound healing by identifying good practices before and during surgery. The study relied on evidence-based analysis to isolate the most successful practices. They saw that when wound healing was successful, an infection-free recovery from joint surgery was most likely. The authors argued that, because the chance of complications comes with the surgeries, medical practitioners must know the best practices for reducing the risk of infection after surgery (Jones, Russell, and Huo, 2015).

It is very crucial for surgical site infection (SSI) be prevented since they are associated with increased antibiotics use, high healthcare costs, prolonged hospital stay, increased patient discomfort and they may also result to patient’s death. Completing a full clinical assessment is very important in identification of risk factors for developing SSI such as patient-related (endogenous) and the environment (exogenous) factors. Some of the risk factors are modifiable such as obesity, malnutrition, and tobacco use (Harrington, 2014).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) surgical site infections (SSI) are the most frequent health associated infection (HAI) in low- and middle-income countries. There is an 11.8 per 100 incident rate for surgical procedures. Despite the fact that the United State of America is considered a high-income country, it is the second frequent HAI in the USA. The WHO has established comprehensive evidence based guidelines taking into account the differences in resource availability, values, and preferences of different populations.

Postoperative surgical site infections according to Nichol (2001) remain a major source of illness in surgical patients. Beaver, (2008) point out that surgical infection is one of the side effects that occur after a patient has gone for surgery.