Chemical Misconceptions

Physical changes occurred in four out of the eight experiments completed in this lab. The first was experiment one, the salt and water. The salt was added to water but when the water evaporated the salt remained. The water changed to the vapor form of water and the salt did not change. The second was experiment two, the candle. When the candle was lit the heat given off from the fire melted the wax beneath it. Melting is a physical change because the liquid wax is still wax, its usual form is just a solid. Experiment four dealt with ripping paper. This was a physical change because, although the paper was being ripped apart, it was (and still is) paper. The smaller pieces did not change the mass or any other factor of it except the surface area of each piece. Experiment seven dealt with vinegar being added to milk. The vinegar did not change but the milk was curdled by the vinegar. Although the milk was curdled, the milk remained milk. The composition stayed the same. Each of these experiments showed no change in a substance so as it changed to another substance.

The reaction "ICE" table demonstrates the method used in order to find the equilibrium concentrations of each species. The values that come directly from the experimental procedure are found in the shaded regions. From these values, the remainder of the table can be completed.

3. The metallic atoms change from a liquid state to a gas state during the flame test. Is this a physical or a chemical change? Explain.

A physical change is one that affects only the physical properties of a substance, while a chemical change alters a substance at the molecular level.

Objective : To demonstrate the differences between physical and chemical changes while observing the laws of conservation of matter and energy.

4. The following examples do not always indicate chemical change. For example, change in color will always indicate chemical change because the color changes but it does not change the substance’s physical properties. The apparent loss in mass is a phase change; therefore the entire substance goes through a physical change. The apparent disappearance of a substance is a chemical change and will always be a chemical change because it might result of a soluble substance dissolving in a liquid and changes the entire substance in a chemical phase.

A physical change includes a change in the material without affecting its composition, such as the physical state change. However, a chemical change includes the change in the composition of the substance. The change in color, formation of a gas or a solid product, and the production of energy are the evidences of a chemical reaction, thus, of a chemical change.

Physical and chemical changes that matter can be changed in two different ways, physical changes is a change in the form or physical properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance. Chemical change is a change in the chemical composition or a make up of a substance, usually by combining or subtracting certain elements. In addition to chemical change it is the oxidation of hair color. Oxidation refers to chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide. Oxidizing agent is a substance that releases oxygen.

A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?

A good example of learning something in a new way is the example of the Morning/Evening star. When a person finds out that the Morning star is the same as the Evening star, this person does not learn any new physical information that the star might encompass. He only finds out that they are the same. Another example of learning something in a new way is the Clark Kent/Superman analogy. Lois Lane, who is in love with Superman, is also in love with Clark Kent because they are the same person. When she finds out that they are the same person, she does not suddenly learn some new physical data that she didn't know before. A physicalist would use this argument to show that no new information was learned, thereby enforcing their theory that all information is physical.

Chemical communication is the detection and recognition of chemical signals released by other organisms. The chemicals that are released are known as info-chemicals and can be directed towards organisms of the same or different species. Info-chemicals can be detected by more than one species and the detection of info-chemicals is through olfactory and gustatory organs. The utilization of chemical communication is vital to the survival of aquatic organisms due to the nature of the medium which they are surrounded by; water. Over the past century, the rise in large scale industrial activity such as mining and metal processing has lead to an explosion in human productivity. However, the repercussion of this expansion is the disruption of global habitats, resulting in the contamination of freshwater environments by heavy metal pollutants. The level of pollution by heavy metals is further escalated by factors such as acid rain which increase the erosion rate of metals thus leading to the introduction of more heavy metal pollutants (Tchouwou et al. 2012). Heavy metals are classified as metals that are significantly denser than water. Within this group of heavy metals, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury are among the most critical for their toxicity to a wide variety of organisms at low concentrations. However heavy metals such as copper which are widely used in technological appliances can also affect aquatic organisms. Furthermore, there are numerous studies evidencing

Changes in matter occur every day. There are two types of ways matter can be altered; physically and chemically. Physical changes do not change the composition of the matter while chemical changes occur when one or more substances turn into a completely new substance.

This paper is about chemical reactions and chemical reaction types. All the data gathered was from conducting multiple experiments. Each experiment was performed carefully and analyzed to obtain the necessary information for the paper. That information included the four signs of a chemical change, the rnx type, and more.

Chemical reactions make new things by rearranging other things. In a chemical reaction, the main change that occurs relates to the way atoms are bonded to each other, in order to change those connections, bonds must be broken and new bonds be formed.

This is a simple equation that doesn’t properly prove the reaction. It is very complex and starts with this: