Chemical Reactions And Synthesis Of Organic Compounds

2. The carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shells, its electrons will readily form a covalent bond, it will readily bond with other carbon atoms, and will also share more than one electron with other atoms are three characteristics of the carbon atom that are important in forming organic compounds.

The experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in

A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?

Organic chemistry is the scientific study of organic materials, those that contain carbon atoms. Organic compounds are classified into families that are known as homologous series. The members of each homologous series share some common features. A homologous series is composed of compounds that have the same general formula (functioning group), usually the only differentiation is the length of the carbon chain or number of monomers. The difference in the length of the carbon chain can have an effect on many physical properties of the chemical, for example the boiling point. Alcohols are organic compounds in which one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups is bound to a carbon atom. This group of compounds plays a key role in the world, ranging from alcoholic beverages to medicine to being important compounds in organic chemistry. Boiling point is the point at which liquids become heated to such an extent that its molecules begin to turn into a gas, this is due to the addition of energy to the molecules. Molecular mass is a number that equals the sum of the combined atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule.

Pharmaceuticals, although known under many different names, have been an important part of civilization since the Ancient times. They are extremely important in the everyday life of many Canadians who deal with illnesses, diseases, and pain. Chemistry is an integral part of medicines. Were it not for medicines and the pharmaceutical industry, the world would be a very different, very unhealthy place. Medicines are easily taken and forgotten today, but that was not always so.

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to observe the many physical and chemical properties of copper as it undergoes a series of chemical reactions. Throughout this process, one would also need to acknowledge that even though the law of conservation of matter/mass suggests that one should expect to recover the same amount of copper as one started with, inevitable sources of error alter the results and produce different outcomes. The possible sources of error that led to a gain or loss in copper are demonstrated in the calculation of percent yield (percent yield= (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100.

How do you know it’s organic? The formula will start with a C followed by H’s. Most of the organic carbons you will encounter will be either hydrocarbons or alcohols, and luckily for you, these are the simplest of all to name. Learn the list of prefixes in the table following this section: they correspond to the number of carbons present in the compound. The following silly statement will help you remember the order of the first four prefixes since they are not ones you are familiar with: “Me eat peanut butter.” This corresponds to meth-, eth-, prop-, and but-, which correspond to one, two, three, and four carbons, respectively.

One of the most important things organic chemists do is synthesize new and complex structures from simpler structures by chemical reactions. The techniques done in

Types of Chemical Reactions The purpose of the lab experiment was to identify different types of chemical reaction and the products of the formulas. The different types of chemical reaction include decomposition, single replacement, synthesis, combustion, and double replacement. There were many hazards that were involved in these experiments.

Aim: To discover how the three groups of elements react with water and oxygen and the relationships and reaction similarities between the three groups.

Organic compounds are compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. In the 1800s, people called compounds that were created by organisms “organic” believing they were different from the compounds in non living things. Even though there is a better understanding of the topic now, the term still stands. Some examples of organic compounds are: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy. Plants, some animals, and other organisms also use carbohydrates for structural purposes. The breakdown of sugars, such as glucose, supplies immediate energy for cell activities. Many organisms store extra sugar as complex carbohydrates known as starches. Starch is only found on plants.

For sample A, I predicted that it was either potassium or sodium because the chloride salt before the experiment was very similar in texture, size, and colour, (small, white/clear, powdery grains). While burning, all three of the samples produced an orange flame that became smoother at the end. As I anticipated, sample A turned out to be potassium. Although, I had trouble distinguishing whether the sample was K or Na because of how similar they were throughout the whole process. As for sample B, my prediction was that it was either zinc or lithium, since they were the only element samples that were wet because water vapour was absorbed from the air. In addition to that, sample B had a bright crimson/orange flame, just like Li, although the overall shape and length of the flame was more similar to Zn. It turned out that sample B is a Zn ion and a Li ion. This seems accurate because the sample had many similarities with both elements, although I wouldn’t have guessed that it was a mix of both elements. Rather, I blamed my perception and the observations I made.

To a solution of isothiocyanate 2 (0.68 g, 2 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL), a propriate amine (2 mmol) was added with stirring. The mixture was stirred for 1-3 hours and then the solvent was removed under reduced pressure giving compounds 4 and 9a,b.

There are many reaction types that can occur when compounds come together to form different types of products. In chemistry, there are eight different basic types of reactions. The eight basic reactions include: combustion, synthesis, decomposition, precipitation, single-replacement, double-replacement, acid/base, and redox reactions. These reactions are categorized into their reaction type by their differences and similarities. The first type of reaction is combustion.

Although organic reactions have been conducted by man since the discovery of fire, the science of Organic chemistry did not develop until the turn of the eighteenth century, mainly in France at first, then in Germany, later on in England. By far the largest variety of materials that bombard us are made up of organic elements. The beginning of the Ninetieth century was also the dawn of chemistry, all organic substances were understood