Chester American Arthur Dbq

James Abram Garfield, 20th President of United States was born on November 19, 1831 in Ohio. His father died when he was only 17 months old, raised by his mother he attended school and went to work in his home town. A good student, James Garfield developed himself as a great speaker and passionate debater while attending college in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Later on he preached in church and went on to teach at Eclectic institute, got married in 1858 and had seven children. During the Civil war he joined the union army and led his infantry division to victory of Jenny's Creek in 1862. As a result he was promoted to Brigadier General and then as a Chief of Staff under General Williams S. Rosecrans commanding the army of Cumberland. During this period he ran for the congress on advice of President Abraham Lincoln and became the member of the house from Ohio. A republican by ideology, Garfield became a part of U.S. senate in 1880 and was later on elected as President of the United States in March 1881. After only 6 months on July 2, 1881 he was shot by Charles J. Guiteau, he survived the assassination attempt but could not survive the infection caused by the bullet lodged in his spine. Garfield died on September 19, 1881 at the age of 50 surviving for 80 days after the assassination attempt.

“Congress met in 1868 and refused to agree in the removal of Edwin Stanton by vote. However, President Andrew Johnson refused to accept the Senate’s decision. He believed The Tenure of Office Act was unconstitutional. Hopeful in gaining judicial review of the Act’s constitutionality, President Johnson appointed General Lorenzo Thomas, General of the Army, to the post of secretary of war. Shortly thereafter, impeachment proceedings began.” (THE TENURE OF OFFICE ACT OF 1867)

However, Chester Arthur had risen to power through machine politics, once in the White House he surprised Americans by moving past the unfairness of the death of the previous president, Garfield. In January 1883, he signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which was a landmark of legislation authorizing that certain federal government jobs be appropriate based on value rather than political connections. The act also took away privileges of workers from being fired for political reasons and did not allow forced political donations from employees. He did not allow the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 be pass because it would have suspended Chinese immigration for up to 10 years, nevertheless Congress went over his veto anyways. Arthur’s government also fought against fraud in the U.S. Postal Service and pushed for the addition of the U.S. Navy. In the White House, Arthur became known for his elegant style and taste for fine furnishings. His most common nicknames in office was the “Gentleman Boss” and “Elegant Arthur”. He reportedly owned 80 pairs of pants and sold the white house

Chester Alan Arthur was born on October 5, 1829, in Fairfield, Vermont. Arthur and his seven siblings lived in the United States and Canada during their childhood.

He served from the years 1881 to 1885. Before he took office as president, his wife, Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur, sadly died of pneumonia at the age of 42. After she died, he asked his sister, Mary Arthur McElroy, to be the first lady. He did not have a vice-president because he was the vice-president before President James A. Garfield’s assassination. His political party affiliation was Republican. During his presidency, he signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act on January 16, 1883 which was known as one of his greatest achievements. The Pendleton Civil Service Act protected employees from removal because of political reasons, provided a “classified system”, and didn’t allow taxing against political assessments against officeholders. Other acts he signed during his presidency was the Tariff Act of 1883 and the Chinese Exclusion Act. The Tariff Act of 1883 was an act that reduced tax rates on specific classes of imports or exports and formed a major political issue between 2 parties. The Chinese Exclusion Act was signed by President Arthur in 1882 and was one of the first and most significant restrictions on immigration. This law prevented Chinese laborers from immigrating to the US. (12

One of the greatest American presidents of all time, William McKinley, began his career in politics as a senator. He served here for 14 years, up until he was elected governor of Ohio (Rubel 4). After his time as governor McKinley was elected president of the United States. In Buffalo, New York, an attempt was made on his life by anarchist named Leon Czolgosz (San Francisco Call 2). He died eight days later on September 14, 1901 from gangrene infections in his wounds.

Cleveland still was working a full time job as governor of New York. ‘’By 1884, he was a national figure, and he was nominated as Democratic ‘’clean-government’’ candidate for President’’ (Columbia 1). A year later, Cleveland became the twenty second President of The United States. ‘’Cleveland by 28,685 votes, became the first Democratic President to be elected since James Buchanan in 1865’’ (Handlin 670). Cleveland was honestly a business man. During his term, he wanted to end the evilness of the government and make better men of the government.

He became vice president under President Zachary Taylor, assuming the presidency after Taylor's death in 1850. Of a stroke.

In 1871, President Grant appointed Arthur as Collector of the port of New York. Arthur, like Grant, was a follower of the Spoils System. He served as vice- President until the time of Garfield's death. Upon becoming President he acted more as a status symbol than a government official. Arthur was always seen with the elite of Washington and other large cities. Congress, at the time, was also trying to limit some of the President's responsibilities.

Democrats nominated Mr. Cleveland in 1885. The citizens gave Cleveland a torchlight parade in Chicago honoring Cleveland's nomination (Adams, n.d.). Cleveland was victorious at the election with the support of his fellow Democrats and reform Republicans, also known as the "Mugwumps," whom disliked James G. Blaine of Maine, Grover Cleveland's opponent (Grover, 2015). Mr. Cleveland had won the election with 219 electoral votes, while Mr. Blaine had only received 182 electoral votes. March 4, 1885, Stephen Grover Cleveland officially became President of the United States (Adams, n.d.). Cleveland was known as the bachelor, but that had changed by June 1886. During this year Mr. Clevelend was wed to 21-year-old Frances Folsom; he has been the only President married in the White House (Grover, 2015). While in Clevelands first term he vetoed an abundant amount of private pension bills towards the Civil War veterans, whose claims were obtained. When Congress, pressured by the Grand Army of the Republic, passed a bill granting the pensions for disabilities not caused by military service, Grover Cleveland Vetoed it as well (Grover, 2015). Grover Cleveland had later angered the railroads by constructing an investigation of western lands they held by Government grant. Cleveland forced the railroads to return 81,000,000 acres of land back to the Government and also signed the Interstate Commerce Act, the first law to attempt Federal regulation of the railroads (Grover, 2015). December 1887, Grover Cleveland called upon Congress to reduce the high protective tariffs. Spoken that he had given Republicans and issue for the compaign of 1888, Mr. Cleveland retorted, "What is the use of being elect or re-elected unless you stand for something?" (Grover, 2015). By the end of Cleveland's first term, he had been nominated by the Democrats

As a member of the council, which I will advise Queen Elizabeth I on the feasibility of planting a colony in the New World. Based upon the information Arthur Barlowe’ reported I will consider possible problems and the positive of establishing a colony. Queen Elizabeth, your majesty, we shall look at the land first and not by what Arthur Barlowe has seen. It might take us days to land there and explore the land, but we will proceed to a chastise decision. We could possibly send Sir Walter Raleigh with Arthur Barlowe so we can feel trusted and know that we are making the correct decision. As the weeks, months pass by we received news about the colony from a letter that Sir Walter Raleigh wrote: Your majesty, the land seems meticulous! The smell reflects to a newly home that’s blooming

Contrary to popular belief at the time, Chester A. Arthur’s time in office was widely renowned as a success. By signing the Pendleton Act, Arthur was able to vanquish the patronage system, and create a new system that appointed officials based on merit and qualification. Although signing this bill would cost him the opportunity to be named as the Republican Nominee for his re-election, the Pendleton Act would keep corruption low and allow more competent officials to be appointed into office.

Garfield the Great Throughout American, history, we’ve had some interesting presidents. All of them were unique in their own ways. One of the most unique would have to be President James A. Garfield though. He had his work cut out for him, especially during the election period. Running against the famous Ulysses S. Grant, he would have to convince voters that he was the better candidate over the Civil War’s most famous general, and he somehow managed to do exactly that.

Garfield had served in Congress for seventeen years, but had absolutely no interest in being president. When at the Republican National Convention, he was to give a speech to nominate a candidate for the Republican nominee in the presidential race. However, the people voted for him and to his dismay, Garfield became the nominee. As Garfield had no desire to be president, he did not campaign. He did give speeches to the people who showed up to his home, but that was it. Garfield won the election and was sworn in March 4, 1881.

While it is true that some of the Arthurian Narratives show a violent process of cultural and geopolitical circulation, I believe claiming the whole of the Arthurian legend to be this way is problematic. The same can be said for the claim that Arthur is both expansionist and isolationist. These traits typically depend on the time period and the origin of the author. For example, Geoffrey of Monmouth shows a violent process of cultural and geopolitical circulation while also being isolationist in his Latin Historia Regum Britannie. After Arthur is crowned, he has to give a gift to all his men, but he has nothing to give, so “Arthur, accordingly, in whom courage was combined with generosity, decided to harry the Saxons, so he could bestow their wealth on the retainers who served him.”