Chicago Chinatown

The United States has had tension with Asian immigrants since the first wave of migration in the 1840’s, and in 1882 the United States declared a Chinese Exclusion which was to keep all Chinese from migrating into the United States. For the Chinese already in the U.S this created worry and tension. With the Chinese people no longer being welcome the freedom for the Chinese inside which was already not much was even more condensed. The little equality that they had was taken away and they were excluded, and looked down upon everywhere they went. They had trouble living and socially because of the prejudice they were facing. An example of the Chinese struggle before the exclusion act would be the Chinese Lynching that took place in 1871. In Los Angeles a mob captured men and in this case a 12 year old boy and hung them all at a Spanish hacienda because of the citizens strong discrimination against

Unlike what were imagined by many immigrants, although American was ideally a potential land with many potential and promises of freedom and a good life can be compensate for hard-work, the country actually did not treated all of the immigrants fairly. The descendants of the first generation immigrants viewed newcomers as a competitive in the work field, and grow even stronger discrimination feel toward them especially for those who look physically different like the Chinese and the Japanese. The Chinese were especially being heavily discriminated by the American society, there were many big and small acts and agreements passed by the government to target the Chinese such as: the Chinese Exclusion Act and Angle Island to eliminate the Chinese immigrants, the China town were built to keep Chinese away from interacting with the White community, and the many different Agreements to prevent Chinese labor in a different working fields. . One of the evidence that the Chinese were treated badly is the People v Hall 1854, when a why men were charged not guilty after he killed a Chinese because

After civil war had settled down, many immigrants came to America to live from many countries such as Germany, Ireland, and England. There are as many as 12 million immigrants at this time. Regarding Chinese immigration, they immigrated to the United States from 1849 to 1882. Between this period, America had California Gold Rush, which is one of the reasons Chinese people immigrated. Because the Chinese Exclusion Act was taken into practice, no more Chinese people could immigrate to the United States after 1882. Chinese immigration is the divergent point for Chinese’ lives who lived in America.

There are many Chinatown in this world, and the Chinatown of San Francisco has much historical significance; The Chinatown of San Francisco is the largest Chinatown in the United States, the largest community of Chinese Americans outside of China. Today I want to write about the of San Francisco base on my personal experience because there are many historic things I can illustrate. Before I started traveling this field trip, I did some researches carefully in San Francisco city guide, so I eager to travel as soon as possible. Finally I attended a free tour with San Francisco city guide, also they assigned a tour guide, Marann.

The Chinese immigration experience was not a kind one. As the Office of Historian explains, “American objections to Chinese immigration took many forms, and generally stemmed from economic and cultural tensions, as well as ethnic discrimination” (para 2). While Chew does not describe having to send money back home or pay off the merchants who transported him to America, many Chinese did face these debts, and as a result, they worked for whatever wage they could find—this led Americans to distrust them and view them as job thieves.

The Chinese Exclusion act banned all Chinese people moving to America. Chinese people emigrated to California in 1848 during the California Gold Rush. Massive amounts of Chinese people moved to the west Coast to make money and return home to the Qing Empire. They were mainly drawn to the west coast as a way to prosper economically. Many were discriminated against and given low wages, and had poor

In 1965, the last legal barrier to Chinese immigrants fell with the signing of a new law that ended immigration quotas based on race. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the story of the Chinese in America was primarily a legal drama, played out on the nation’s borders and in courts. After the new immigration law went into effect, it became a personal story told by one individual and by one family at a time.

Instead, they stayed in America for good. The Chinese immigrants now wished to assimilate their own culture and ideas with the American ideas. Americans, mostly Nativists, were extremely bothered by this because the Americans did not want the Chinese to bring their alien culture to America (Document 1). Other groups, who resented other races from assimilating, organized classes so the immigrants can learn the American language and way. They said immigrants should become citizens by learning the “American language.” They thought if the people that come to America and don’t learn the way of the Americans, then this country will soon be just like the old country, the country which they have already left (Document 3). Resentment over immigration still arose within the United States.

In 1849, an inundation of Chinese immigrants came to the United States to take part in the California gold rush. Relations between the Chinese and Americans started off neutral, but soon conflicts arose. White workers saw Chinese as a threat to their status and tried to solve this issue by passing the Chinese Exclusion Act; this severely limited the number of Chinese allowed to immigrate into the country at the time. Although this compromise satisfied the white protests, it only lead to more conflicts with how the Chinese were treated during immigration. These conflicts would not be resolved for another 61 years.

In the 1800s, after the Civil War (1861 to 1865), massive waves of new settlers migrated to the United States. May these were Chinese immigrants who sought to take advantage of the Gold Rush in California. Most of them were men, without family. Between that time, hundreds and hundreds of Chinese immigrants arrived, mostly in San Francisco, where they established a place called “Chinatown.” Establishing the place helped encouraged around four thousand Chinese women per year to immigrate to the United States, to be with their husband or father, helping Chinamen managing household. The gold attracted so many immigrants to California, and the desired for wealth attracted Southerners, who brought with them their racial attitude from the south. Work was well paying; a prejudice against Chinese was born. Hate and violence accompanied the competence against Chinese; and brutality against

There were multiple reasons why the Chinese experienced discrimination, most reasons coming from the fact that the Americans felt threatened by the presence of these foreign people they have never had experience with before. The Chinese stole jobs by working for cheap, they had an extremely different culture than the westerners, and the Americans did not like them; this made them targets of discrimination. As stated in the Chinese Exclusion Act, "...the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be, and the same hereby,suspened" (DOC 1). This quote shows an example of one of the unfair laws made against the Chinese because they were disliked by the Americans. The Chinese Exclusion Act made them easier to be cruel towards.

As per the book, the Chinese started working on a low wages replacing the jobs for other population. As result Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, effectively barring Chinese immigration. This reduced the Chinese population. Document 17 -1 'Pun Chi Appeals to congress in Behalf of Chinese Immigrants In California' explains the poor condition

Pennyfields was part of Limehouse Chinatown. The area was known as the “Shanghai Quarter”, as many of the early Chinese migrants that settled here were from Shanghai. Similar to Limehouse Causeway, Pennyfields had Chinese stores and lodging houses, Pennyfields also housed a Christian mission for the Chinese Community, as well as a Confucian temple. Since there were no local Chinese newspapers at the time, Pennyfields had a news wall displaying news stories from China. However, due to the 'slum clearance', it is difficult to know where the news wall stood.

Shanghai offers an eclectic range of scenes including but not limited to those with large influences from western cultures. The Bund has become the most iconic feature of the city that fits this description and ranks at the around the top of the list for must see places for the whole country. Currently, its peculiar architecture entices tourists from all over the world for sightseeing, shopping, and adventure. In less than a century from the mid 1800’s to the mid 1900s, the area along the Huangpu River has changed in a dramatic but gradual fashion logistically, culturally, economically, and architecturally. What was once just a small-port center soon would transform into a global metropolitan attraction. When the harbor finally opened to international trade in 1843 with the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing, there was no special infrastructure for junks and sampans (the boats used at that time). It was only on the eastern gate was there some kind of embankment for ships; otherwise the riverbank was just used as it was. This all would soon change, as the foreign enclaves would slowly modernize the Bund. However during the first few decades of Shanghai’s international influence it did not seem like the Bund would turn into a famous international icon anytime soon. In the following paragraphs are small but noteworthy glimpses into each foreign enclave over this time period.In the English Settlement the land regulations that were approved by the Chinese authorities prohibited

As one of the most historical cities, the Beijing’s culture is disappeared as rapid as the economic booming and reconstructed city growth. Although, the reasons of death of city culture are complicated, there is little doubt that demolitions have a negative impact on the cultural conservation especially on heritage preservation. For instance, the area of quadrangle dwellings is only about 300 square meters in 2010 but was about 1700 square meters