Chickenpox Research Paper

Pregnant woman are at high risk of severe disease/complications if they do not have immunity to chickenpox (Department of Health – Victoria, 2007). If

Information presented should address health care workers issues concerning vaccine safety and effectiveness. Supporting statistical data should validate the decision. There should be widespread discussions about the reasons for the policy. Allowances should be made for those nurses who have a legitimate reason for not taking it. Legitimate reasons could include but not limited to medical and religious reasons. To prevent the possibility of causing Guillain-Barre syndrome only egg free vaccine should be used. Another option would be to establish that a worker is not allergic to egg before receiving the flu vaccine. Review of the policy for effectiveness in preventing the flu and the impact on health care workers should be carried after a specified time

Chickenpox’s history has various contributors. Several corpses have been found with chickenpox as the apparent cause of death. In the 1500s, an Italian physician Giovanni Filippo gave the first description of varicella in literature and clearly distinguished it from scarlet fever; he is also known for other several important contributions to medicine, anatomy, and virology. In the late 1600s, English physician Richard Morton gave the name chickenpox to what he thought was a milder form of smallpox. Another English physician, William Heberden, undertook the first independent study of the disease in 1767, and he proved that chickenpox was actually different from smallpox. Since then much more information has been learned about chickenpox.

The global use of vaccines has been very successful in reducing the incidence of infectious diseases and their associated complications. For centuries, infectious diseases were the most common cause of disability and death in the world. Until the 19th century, it was not known what caused these diseases and why some people became seriously ill with an infection while others were less affected.

Smallpox is known as a deadly disease usually bringing its uprising back in the early 70's. In 1973 a young child in Bangladesh caught an unknown disease. Scientist worked hard on the kid and found a regular vaccine to it but it was too late a group of food donors that worked in the U.S brought the disease back home.The U.S went on national alert trying to vaccinate anyone they could.So the uprising came.

In order to maximize and outbreak of chickenpox they introduce the chicken pox vaccine that you take in one dosage to maximize the outbreak but outbreaks still occur in school setting where most children only receive one dosage but there have been fewer outbreak since the two dosage program was started in the United State (www.CDC.gov).

A child should receive two dosages of the chicken pox immunization.  The child will acquire the first dose between the ages of 12-15 months, and the second dosage between four and six years of age.

Wynia, in his journal from the American Medical Association presented interesting statistical data about the benefits of childhood vaccinations. In this article he points out three years before initiating mandatory childhood vaccinations the number of reported death cases for Small Pox was 48,164, Diphtheria 175,885 and Measles 503,282. After starting the vaccination process the reported death cases for Small Pox was zero, Diphtheria was four and Measles was eighty one.

Dr. Ohoud Al Yabes last week on Tuesday, 04 October 2016. He suspected the infection with chickenpox with atypical manifestation. The patient had upper respiratory tract manifestations including fever and upper respiratory tract discharge and he had some cough followed by the very next day with appearance of rash in both of his hands and his buttocks and few rashes were seen in his feet. With time, this rash in the hands crusted, some rash developed the mouth and on the face. Dr. Ohoud sent him for admission for suspected atypical manifestation of Varicella

“Before there was a vaccine for diphtheria in the 1930s, for example the disease infected about 21,000 people in the United States each year, killing 1,800. By 2006 both numbers were zero” (Bailey). “Polio also went from deadly (16,000 cases, 1,900 deaths) to non-existent after vaccines were rolled out in the 1950s and 1960s” (Bailey). “Another example is chickenpox, which used to infect about 4 million kids a year, hospitalize 11,000 and kill 105, and within a decade of after the vaccines came out in the mid-1990s, infections had dropped to 600,000 resulting in 1,276 hospitalizations and 19 deaths” (Bailey). It is a very simple fact that vaccines are the most effective tool yet invented for preventing contagious airborne diseases (Bailey). As shown in studies all these diseases that

Smallpox is a highly human contagious disease caused by the virus Variola. Variola’s Latin meaning is spotted. Smallpox is thought to have begun its infectious mission in Egypt around 3,000 years ago. The earliest evidence for the illness is from the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses V, who died in 1157 B.C. His mummified remains show evidence of spots and scars on his body thought to be evidence of Smallpox.

Varicella is endemic worldwide. In areas where the climate is temperate chicken pox lends itself to be a childhood disease, with the highest incidence affecting preschool and young school age children. The incidence of chicken pox is highest in the late winter and early spring. In climates that tend to be more tropical, the incidence appears in the coolest, driest seasons and transmitted later in childhood or early adulthood (Marin & Bialek 2015). In households where there are multiple family members, the contagiousness is approximately 85%, but less in community exposure (Marin & Bialek 2015). Since the utilization and application of childhood vaccinations for Varicella in the United States, a consequential decline has presented itself. The risk of Chicken pox has remained higher in other parts of the world. Other countries that have begun routinely immunizing their children and have seen a decrease in incidents are Canada, Costa Rica, Germany, Greece, Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Uruguay and some areas of Spain and Italy. The varicella vaccine is the best prevention for chicken pox. According to the CDC it is estimated that vaccination of varicella provides complete protection for approximately 90% of the children who

Though it is most prevalent in children, adults can occasionally contract this virus in the form of shingles. The risk of shingles is higher in tropical regions where the cases of children having varicella is lower, because varicella-zoster is susceptible to desiccation, heat, detergents, and disinfectants that are used in healthcare systems (Gnann, 2002). Also, people with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to contracting the virus. Studies conducted by the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have found that 90 percent of adults are immune to the chickenpox virus, and of those who are not immune, only 2.7 to 16.3 percent of the those are at risk of developing pneumonitis (Baker, 1999). Additionally, only about one-third of this percentage of people will have the respiratory symptoms; however, a larger percentage of with immunocompromised patients experience respiratory symptoms (Baker,

The person should avoid scratching or rubbing the itchy areas and keep their fingernails short to avoid damaging the skin. The infected person should avoid prolonged exposure to excessive heat and humidity. The use of over- the counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone creams may be recommended for itch relief. Some doctors may prescribe antivirals if the rash began within 24 hours. Antiviral medication is not usually prescribed to otherwise healthy children who do not have severe symptoms. Antivirals are usually prescribed to high-risk groups whom are prone to severe symptoms such as eczema, lung conditions, or who immunocompromised individuals. The infected person should also be advised to avoid aspirin due to association with a serious condition called Reyes syndrome or Ibuprofen due to the association of more severe secondary infections. Tylenol is recommended for fever relief. Some complications that can occur are bacterial infections secondary to scratching, encephalitis, pneumonia and death. The preventions of chickenpox are acquired by vaccination with the varicella vaccine in children, adolescents, and adults, and the herpes zoster vaccine for persons of 60 and older (Maurer&Smith). The Centers for Disease and controls estimates that 95% of Americans will have chickenpox by the time they reach adulthood. The CDC also estimates that there are 4 million cases with a100 deaths and 9300 hospitalizations a

The following paper provides a detailed description of Chickenpox and the determinants of health contributing to the development of the disease. The