Child Mortality : An Important Indicator Of The Health Of A Nation

There has always been a link between social class and health, even with the welfare state and the improvements made to health in all sections of societies over the years, a difference still remains in this area. This difference is applied to all aspects of health, which include life expectancy, general levels of health and infant mortality. Many people argue that as long as the quality of life is

Life expectancy in the human race has risen dramatically in the past century reaching its highest level for both male and female on record. Between 1981 and 2002 life expectancy at age 50 increases by four and a half years for men and three years for women and two years respectively. By 2002 women who were age of 65 could expect to live to the age of 84 while men could expect to live to the age of 81.

Life expectancy, or the estimated years of life for a person or group of people, has increased over the years but it is still surprisingly lower than expected in places such as the United States. America ranks twenty-fourth on the life expectancy list under Japan, Australia, France Spain and Italy. What causes this disparity in the ranking and statistics in an advanced industrialized society such as the United States? There are major statistical factors that influence the United States ranking in world life expectancy, involving education level, poverty, race and gender. The diverse groups of people living in the United States affect the health statistics negatively, bringing in influences from education and income levels, race and

The organization Peterson-Kaiser have developed a global heath system tracker. One area of health that Peterson-Kaiser focuses it statistics on is life expectancy. They state, “Longer life expectancy can reflect success of the health system in preventing, treating, and curing illness, but can also reflect changes in social or environmental factors” (https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/indicator/health-well-being/life-expectancy/). According to the OECD library the United States life expectancy is 78.8 years with Japan’s life expectancy being the highest at 83.9 years, and the average being 82 years of life (OECD). Another excellent way to compare health outcomes is to look at mortality rates. To quote Peterson-Kaiser, “Decreasing mortality rates can reflect success of the health system in preventing, treating, and curing disease, but can also reflect changes in social or environmental factors” (https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/indicator/health-well-being/mortality-rate/). Peterson-Kaiser has used the OECD library of data to determine overall age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 population within developed countries of the world. When viewing the data the United States overall mortality rate was 826 per 100,000 people while the average was 723

In their study on the trends in county mortality and cross-county mortality disparities in the United States, Ezzati et al. found out that there have been huge variations in the mortality patterns over time. The mortality declined significantly for both sexes specifically due to decreases in cardiovascular mortalities, which included stroke and heart disease. The researchers found that the overall life expectancy in the United States increased from 74 to 80 years for women while that of men increased from 67 to 74 years of age. Further, from 1961 to 1983, the differences in death rates among or across different counties fell. There was a decline or stagnation in mortality among 19 percent of female and 4 percent of male population. Men lived 9.0 years longer in the

As a high-income society, the United States when comparing the health care statistics to others world-wide is one of the most blessed nations in the world, but many people who struggle to pay for their health care find that our health care system has many weaknesses that effect the overall quality of care and their personal well-being. Health is defined by the World Health Organization as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being” (Macionis 236). There are many degrees of both physical and mental health and most people fall short of complete health and find themselves in need of medical care. One indicator that is used to measure a society’s overall health is the infant mortality rate, which is “the number of babies who die before their first birthday out of every thousand babies born” (Macionis 236). As expected, America’s infant mortality rates are low especially when coming comparing the rates to countries that are known to have economic hardships. Another means to measure the overall health well-being of a society is by determining the life expectancy at birth or the number of years that a person is expected to live in a given society. High-income nation’s life-expectancy rates are higher and most people can live long lives without serious health conditions until later in life. Low-income nations unfortunately can have much lower life expectancies. The economy and livelihood of a

The life expectancy for people born in 2015 increased by two years compared to people born in 2000, from 76 years to 78. Much of that gain was due to decreases in death rates from major killers like heart disease, cancer and infectious diseases. But alarmingly, that increase reversed

It is evident that life expectancy rate - a major indicator of population health- varies amongst different tiers of socio-economic status. This is because, According to statistic Canada, Canadian women in the lowest income group experience life expectancy that is 3.2 years less than those in the highest income group whereas, Canadian men in the lowest income group, experience a life expectancy rate that is 4.7 years less than those in the highest income group(Mcmullin, J., Davis, L, 2010, Pg. 188). This goes to show that those with higher Socio-economic class get live longer compared to those with lower socio-economic class. Another social determinant of health outcomes amongst different groups of people is education. In Canada, a percentage

Another often-cited example of the limits of medical care is the fact that, although spending on medical

The article I reviewed was about the low infant mortality and low birth rates of Mexican American and Latina mothers. According to the article, infant mortality rate is used to judge the quality of health in a population. Even though the majority of Latinos and Mexican Americans are less educated and are living in poverty, the infant mortality rate, as well as the low birth weight, is remarkably low. When compared to African Americans, Mexican Americans had the lowest amount of low birth weight babies (Magana, A., & Clark, N. M. (1995)). “Despite similar socioeconomic profiles, infant mortality among Mexican Americans (8/1000 live births) is less than half that of African Americans (18/1000 live births)

The purpose of this project is how we can ensure the health and safety of children in a childcare setting. We have to consider the welfare of every child who will be under our care once we are working in Childcare. We have to follow some certain guidelines and this project will help me to outline the requirements necessary to provide for the health and well being of the children, including their protection and ensuring a safe environment for them. This project will further discuss the Health and Safety Regulations, some Legislation involved in Childcare and we have to come up with some policies and procedures.

The life in the U.S compared to that of the Soviet Union during the 60’s is an amazing phenomenon of a declining life expectancy in a highly developed country just like in the case of the Soviet Union during the 60’s down to the 70’s. The result of the life expectancy rate in the Soviet Union shows that there is only a small part to true informal changes in the state of living. However, the weak point of the measures of life expectancy is of vital importance, although another factor is the unfavourable selection of risks by war, thereby making a less valuable comparison between the international and inter temporal. Another factor is the logical difference between period and the measurement of the group of people sharing a common factor

Women all around the world get to experience the wonderful gift of pregnancy and all that comes with it. Although, one would think that the process is similar throughout all women that is not the case. Prenatal, labor, postpartum, and newborn care differ greatly throughout the different cultures and regions of the world. Being a nurse you get to see and experience all these differences in cultures in practice. It is important to be considerate of each cultures needs during each step of pregnancy. The Somalian culture is among one of the highest for child and maternal mortality rates. Looking at some of their practices and beliefs you see the differences and can understand why they have a high mortality rate for mothers and

HOW DO LIFE EXPECTANCY, MATERNAL AND INFANT HEALTH CHANGE AROUND THE WORLD AND IN TIME ?

Child mortality is a huge issue in many parts of the world, but we mainly see higher rates of child mortality in impoverished countries. One country in Africa that has high child mortality rates is Somalia. Although Somalia’s child mortality rates are decreasing throughout the years, Somalia still has extremely high rates of child mortality.