Childhood Exposure To Family Violence

The formative experiences that define a child's home life will have a lasting impact on the individual as he or she enters the later stages of childhood, adolescence and adulthood. The degree to which one's family life is loving, nurturing, supportive and attentive is a substantial determinant in emotional, social and intellectual development. Accordingly, a home which is abusive, violent, negative and neglectful is more than likely to have deleterious effects for the child both while and well after maintaining residence there. This turns us toward the focus of the present study, which is the impact levied by domestic violence on children.

The men grew up with or without a history of childhood family violence that includes angry, controlling, and violent behaviors, substance use related behavior, and attitudes towards women. With the findings, men with family violence led to severe attitudinal and behavioral problems. This source is helpful to understand the behavioral relations between the attackers and the victims.

One reason may be that these adults believe that frequent experience with corporal punishment in childhood, beatings, was normal. Kadushin and Martin (1981) found that nearly every report of child abuse was precipitated by a behavior in the child that the parent felt called for disciplinary action. Therefore, in part, this appears to be related to cultural acceptance of violence (Hilberman 1980), but it also implies an identification with the parent’s views on corporal punishment. In one investigation (Kotelchuk 1982), parents were asked to describe their childhood experience. Investigators coding the descriptions were far more likely than parents to consider the experiences to have been abusive, on the other hand, parents’ responses to a direct question about having been abused were not related to punitive treatment of their children. Though there has been a tremendous amount of research done on this subject I believe that it is important to continue to research this with the hope of finding a reason for this abuse and putting an end to it. For this reason I propose to conduct a longitudinal experiment to determine whether children who are abused grow up to display the same abusive behavior with their children. Method The experimental group will consist of subjects who were previously abused now seeking counseling for emotional assistance. They will be randomly selected from a study of 347 families from lower income backgrounds. The children involved

“Exposure to family and community violence is linked with aggressive behavior. One of the theoretical perspectives that explains this link is social learning theory, according to which children learn from the aggressive models in their environments. Additionally, victimization may compromise children's ability to regulate their emotions, and as a result they may act out aggressively” (Margolin & Gordis 2004, 153). “Posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are important consequences of exposure to violence because they can impair social and behavioral functioning” (Margolin & Gordis 2004, 153). Research has shown that children exposed to domestic violence demonstrate impaired ability to concentrate, difficulty with schoolwork, and significantly lower scores when their verbal, motor, and cognitive skills were being tested (Fantuzzo & Mohr). It seems as if the academic and cognitive difficulties from exposure affect the child possibly through its impact on psychological functioning. For example, PTSD and depression may hinder with learning and the ability to perform well in the classroom (Margolin & Gordis 2004).

Children in families experiencing domestic violence are more likely than other children to show or display aggressive, antisocial behavior and become depressed and anxious (Brown & Bzostek, 2003). Researchers have found higher levels of anger, hostility, disruptive behavior, disobedience, fear and withdrawal (poor peer, sibling, and social relationships) and low self-esteem. Children exposed to domestic violence are at a higher chance of experiencing difficulties in school and score lower on assessments of verbal, motor, and cognitive skills. Slow cognitive development, may not be able to resolve conflicts in a peaceful and calming manner, limited problem solving skills, pro-violence attitudes. (Brown & Bzostek, 2003; Edleson, 2006). Research

Children are exposed to domestic violence in many ways. They may hear parents threating each other, out of control reckless anger, or even se one parent assault the other one. Many children are affected by hearing threats to the safety of one parent whether it results in physical injury or not. Children who live in or around domestic violence are also at increased risk to become direct victims of child abuse. Domestic violence poses a serious threat to children’s psychological, emotional, and physical well being, especially if the violence is chronic.

Domestic violence that affects children in elementary school are a good amount. Children are the primary one 's who get more affected when domestic violence is going on in there homes. There are many signs a child can give you when they are suffering from a trauma or depression from domestic violence. Some children get affected differently some have trouble internalizing, others have fear and pressure, and others will try to solve the problem.

Historically, domestic violence has been a devastating social problem affecting individuals from every segment of the American society irrespective of race, class, age, religion, sexual orientation, nationality and economic status. Although, men to a smaller extent experience domestic violence, it is usually understood as a women 's issue; which inadvertently affects children. Approximately, 85 to 95% of victims are females (Laney, 2010). Every 9 seconds in the United States, a woman is assaulted or beaten (National Domestic Violence Statistics, 2014). 72% of all murder-suicides involve an intimate partner and 94% of the victims of these murder suicides are females. Moreover, 9.4% of women in the United States have been raped by an intimate partner in their lifetime (National Domestic Violence Statistics, 2014). Intimate partner violence accounts for 15 % of all violent crimes (National Domestic Violence Statistics, 2014). Domestic violence (DV) or intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as a pattern of abusive behaviors that occur in a relationship, used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over the other partner. These behaviors can be physical, emotional, economic or psychological where control is exercised through physical, emotional, sexual and economic abuse, threats and isolation among others.

The purpose of this research was to examine the affects of physical, emotional, sexual, and even economic abuse in families, also known as domestic violence. Domestic violence often escalates in stages. Usually, the abuse is cyclical and escalates beginning with threats and verbal abuse, later resulting in violence. Although, physical injury by a partner may be the most evident danger, the emotional and psychological effects of domestic abuse are also severe, and may go easily undetected. A screening tool called the WAST, created to detect abuse that is not so easily noticeable is introduced in this paper along with abuse prevention programs and campaigns. Research examining the reliability and validity of the WAST found it to be a

This is the year of 2014 and only recently has domestic violence been defined as a crime in the United States. Domestic violence is still prevalent in countries all over the world and it is an important issue that needs to be addresses before the measure of violence takes place. Although there isn’t any education programs that are teaching women how to site signs of a potentially dangerous relationship, there is aftercare for those who have been in an abusive relationship. Aftercare for domestic violence helps give women strength to get back on their feet. It is a beneficial resource that is there for victim, to have a feeling of empowerment, but is the current form of providing aftercare for domestic violence victims adequate? The goal of

Studies have shown that between 10% and 30% of adults have witnessed physical domestic violence during their childhood (Black, Sussman, & Unger, 2010; Edleson, 1999; Godbout, Dutton, & Lussier, 2009; Jankowski, Leitenberg, Henning, & Coffey, 1999; Sappington, Pharr, Tunstall, & Rickert, 1997). It has been suggested that psychological violence has gained less empirical attention than physical violence, however the results for children witnessing psychological violence are much higher, ranging from 46% to 58% (Black et al., 2010; Godbout et al., 2009).

People are subject to repetition of domestic violence throughout their lives if it is present in childhood. Studies

In domestic violence is in many ways, and mainly it is a woman who is reporting it to the authorities. Seven out of ten domestic violence calls are women reporting a male. It is not only found in the case of a woman reporting a man, but a child reporting their mother or father. I am going to open the door a little more about it in the eyes of a man and a child. A woman could be the abuser in the household to the male or her own children. A child can have more than just physical abuse. in this case there is physical, mental, and verbal. We will cover all of these in the following statements.

Why do so many children exposed to intimate partner violence struggle with emotional and behavioral problems and become victims or perpetrators of violence in their own relationships? Although multiple processes undoubtedly are involved, the subjective meaning that children draw from hostile and aggressive interactions in the family is proposed to be a critical factor in shaping its immediate and long-term impact on them (Fosco et al., 2007; Grych 2000; Grych and Fincham 1990). The cognitive-contextual framework (Grych and Fincham 1990; Grych et al. 1992) holds that when children witness aggression between their caregivers, they actively process and try to make sense of what is happening, and that their appraisals have implications for their immediate response in the situation and their long-term functioning. More specifically, it proposes that children appraise the degree of threat the interaction poses to them or their families, why it is occurring, and how they should respond. Appraisals involve emotion as well as cognition (e.g.,

Throughout history, women have been the main individuals who have been reported for being domestically violated however children with and without a disability play a major role in domestic violence.