Chile's Economic, Social And Political Problems In Chile

Prior to the Great Depression, Chile had prospered amidst the workings of free-market and mercantilist polices. The Great Depression, however, disrupted this, as it brought about the necessity of government intervention in the economy. Indeed, government intervention even stretched so far as to transform Chile into a nation insulated by protectionist policies. Furthermore, the Great Depression had undoubtedly brought about a political crisis in Chile with the ousting of Ibáñez del Campo in 1931, who himself had partaken in a military coup d’état to achieve presidency in the first place. It has even been posited that the nationalization of copper that had begun during the presidency of Ibáñez del Campo and which was completed during the presidency of Salvador Allende in the early 1970s built the foundation for a future international economic boycott, which further

Throughout the course of history, several authoritarian leaders have risen to power and maintained their acquired power through physical, violent means. Two authoritarian leaders that have transformed their acquired power into dictatorial rights are Fidel Castro of Cuba and Augusto Pinochet of Chile. Interestingly, Castro and Pinochet differed in their ideals about the ideal structure of governments. While Castro advocated for a socialist, Marxist, anti-imperialist Cuba, Pinochet favored a anti-Marxist, anti-socialist, capitalist Chile. Despite their differing ideals, both shared several similarities in their efforts to establish and maintain their power. Both individuals rose to power in a similar manner: a sort of coup d’état. Both individuals maintained power through positive and negative means. Castro and Pinochet introduced several economic reforms that mostly benefited the people of Cuba and Chile. While these economic reforms allowed for the financial freedom of many Cubans and Chileans, the dictatorial rulers politically repressed the residents of Cuba and Chile. While many historians believe that Castro and Pinochet greatly differed due to their opposing beliefs, both dictators share multiple similarities in the ways that they rose to power, negatively maintained power, and positively

The country of Chile is located in western South America. The conditions vary with the mountains, deserts, and beaches.

During the movie Machuca it was evident that there were severe tensions between the classes. This can be seen through many of the characters in the movie. However, in this report I will discuss which two characters who better represented the class tensions and why. I will then conclude with how this parallels with the tensions that were found in Allende’s government at the time, which consequently resulted in the democratic breakdown of Chile.

According to Garreton, the oppositions had successfully created a political front that aggregated enough support for an alternative to the current regime. This resulted in a democratization in Chile that was also free and repressive. Chile had a pacted transition which was actor-centered. This transition to democracy was repressive in that the elections were started from the top down, only once the elites and the official agreed to hold an election was there any form of a transition. As O’Donnell described it, it is ironically non-democratic because these pacts are negotiated among small numbers of elites. It was also repressive in that once Chile was democratized it delayed truth and justice. Those that were involved in many of the atrocities did not serve jail time because of the amnesty laws. However, this transition was also free because it resulted in elections that allowed for the public to decide whether or not they were going to transition to democracy. These elections were also free in that they were inclusive and also non-violent. This then resulted in a stable democratic government that was bred through both freedom and

Chile stretches along 2,672 miles with an average width of 112 miles. More than one out of every three Chileans live in Santiago metropolitan region which is the capital of Chile. Two Chilean poets have won the Nobel Prize in literature. Chile’s population sits around 17,363,894 ranking Chile 63, they have a human development index of 41 of 187 countries. GDP per capita is $19,100 with an adult literacy at 99% for both males and females. The general attitudes are friendly and warm, but they might be shy and reserved when first meeting someone, they are also known for their sharp, witty and somewhat cynical sense of humor. Chileans are extremely patriotic and take pride in their nation’s cultural, educational, and economic achievements. Chile has a large middle class, and their educational system enables many poorer people to excel. When it comes to Chilean appearance they closely follow European styles, North American fashions are also popular especially among the youth. Greetings in Chile are important because they stress that one is welcome and recognized. The most common greeting among friends and relatives is the abrazo, consisting of a handshake and a hug. Chileans eat their main meal in the middle of the day and a lighter meal between 8 and 10pm, they typically have a tea time around 5 or 6pm where beverages, small sandwiches, and cookies or cake are served. In restaurants a server can be summoned with a raised finger; meal checks are not brought to the table until

In the United States, Nixon was in power and Nixon told his main advisor, Henry Kissinger that he wanted Allende out of power. Kissinger thought of only one way to get Allende out of power and it was to begin with the uprise of the Chilean military. Kissinger sent a cable to the CIA agents in Chile stating that the agents were to continue with their work on investigating the military coup. However, the twist was that the CIA agents was not necessary in Chile and three years later, the people of Chile are revolting against their leader. Allende nationalized copper and other industries, which froze prices and raised wages to try to stop the inflation but unfortunately, that only raised inflation more. With Allende’s reform in play, the CIA ran propaganda against Allende.

One of the most speculative experiences of conquest and dictatorship in the history of Latin America has been the socialist and dictatorial regimes in Chile. Chile has gone through multiple times of dictatorship, lead by the military, and also had lapses of a socialist government. The film “Machuca” by Andres Wood provided an insight of the series of social events in Chile in 1973, ranging from inter personal experiences to political issues and the Chilean nation. “Two dictators, Salvador Allende and Augusto Pinochet, both brought tremendous suffering upon the Chilean people -- one through his socialist policies and nationalization of

“The people of Nicaragua were suffering oppression. This made us develop an awareness which eventually led us to commit ourselves to the struggle against the domination of the capitalists of our country in collusion with the United States government.” (Daniel Ortega 1974) As has been discussed throughout the semester thus far many countries throughout Latin America have experienced a political revolution in some way, shape, or form. In the early 1970’s Nicaragua joined the long list of Latin American countries to experience a revolution when the Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional (FSLN) lead by Daniel Ortega successfully overthrew the Somoza dynasty. Many people often times have a misconception of what exactly a political revolution

The Yarur textile factory played an important role in Chilean politics, and was the central role for the uprisings and downfalls in Chilean history. Its first key component was that it represented an economic empire based of paper and cloth that used these resources to gain political power through the aspect of having wealth. The second element of the Yarur factory that gave its importance in Chilean politics was that it represented a monopoly of Chile’s political capital. In Weavers of Revolution, Peter Winn depicts the relationship from a “revolution from above” and “revolution from below” and how the workers of the Yarur textile factory faced an on-going struggle between the working class and the government. Winn focuses his analysis of

With Pinochet’s rejection of communist thinking he was able to obtain the backing of the United States which was a key difference in his ability to come to power in his country. This in comparison with Castro and the hard hand that the United States used to try to make crush Castro’s reign in Cuba. The United States was not happy that Chile had elected a well-known socialist into presidency and

Chile’s economy was effectively owned by US corporation’s, and these corporation’s controlled the country's resources. When Allende nationalized copper the two main American corporation were financially hurt severely and lost a lot of profit. This concerned the US and Nixon worried that Chile was falling under soviet control and communism. One of Nixon’s fears was that the Soviets would have total control in Americas backyard. However, the major reason that the US instigated the overthrow was because the corporations did not want Chile to take over their own resources and use them for their own benefit. The corporations were able to exercise leverage over Allende because Chile was in the middle of an economic depression and Chile was receiving loans from American banks. Once Allende was in power these loans were stopped by US foreign policy and of course Chile suffered economically . At this point,

To what degree were the measures taken by the DINA effective in stopping opposition to Pinochet from 1973 to 1977?

Allende who at the time was a socialist governor, believed that Pinochet fully supported him. Minister points out in his article, “Allende's socialist platform advocated nationalizing foreign-owned industry and rectifying Chile's gross economic disparity. Further polarizing the situation, the US government under Richard Nixon smuggled funds to the military for arms and anti-Allende propaganda”. This resulted Allende arranging Pinochet as Commander in Chief of the army on September 9. Two weeks later, Pinochet joined a “CIA-Backed four-man junta “ to overthrow the government. By September 11, Santiago was under a sate of “siege” that would be raised over the next 17 years. Pinochet soon assumed complete control when he decided that one and only one leader could control a “volatile situation”.

Politically, the country has gone through many transitions from dictatorships, to military coups, to Christian democratic ruling parties. Today, Chile is a strong democratic nation. The family is very important to Chileans; this is influenced largely by the mestizo way of living. The