Chin Forging A Global Reputation Written By Michael Czinkota And Kenneth Adam Krupa

Mattel is starting to take a step in the right direction, according to Renae Merle from The Washington Post, “Mattel said it was strengthening its process for preventing the use of lead based paint, it will only permit paint from certified suppliers and require every batch to be tested, company officials said” (Merle 1). 80% of toys in the United States are imported from China, according to Renae Merle, and 65% of those toys are created by Mattel. Although that is a step in the right direction, that still leaves 15% of the toys in the United States at a higher risk of having high traces of lead on them, going undetected. Stores like Toys ‘R’ Us that sell toys sold by companies other than Mattel, should be required to post the percentage of how much lead is in each toy directly next to or near the toy so that parents can be aware of this problem. If parents are not made aware of this problem, it is going to cause more concerns health wise. Michelle Albert, a stay at home mom of two children states that “I feel our country should be more careful about the things we import” (Albert 1). She fears that her children may have been exposed to these toys and has no way of knowing until it may be too late.

"China is the largest exporter to the U.S. economy in virtually all consumer goods categories. Wal-Mart is the leading retailer in the U.S. economy in virtually all consumer goods categories. Wal-Mart and China are a joint venture. " When trade agreements were signed between the U.S. and China in the 1990s, bringing China into the World Trade Organization, American political and business leaders embraced the idea. China's 1.2 billion people were viewed as an enormous untapped market for American-made goods.

Lead poisoning in children was first discovered in 1890 in Queensland, Australia. The lead source was not identified until 1904, when a researcher traced it to the paint used on railings and verandahs. The first discovery of lead poisoning in the United States (with a traceable source) was in 1914; the child had chewed the paint off of his crib. At this time they linked lead poisoning as a cause of convulsions in children. As research progressed and more children were found with high lead levels, symptoms caused by lead were expanded to include lead meningitis, acute encephalopathy, intellectual dullness, reduced consciousness, seizures, comas, and death (Chisholm, 1982).

Health officials agree that no amount of exposure to lead is safe, be it from water, the air, old paint, or dirt. Even the smallest of amounts can lead to irreversible cognitive and developmental damage, especially in younger children.

The following examines the nation of China and its trade relations with the world, particularly the United States. The focus is primarily on China’s culture and how it impacts business dealings with other countries. Areas examined include: Religion, Management Philosophy, and Business Etiquette. Also discussed is China’s growing status as a world super power and how that has impacted the global business landscape. Likewise, various trading partners are examined and the effects of doing business with China, specifically for the United States. Points of concern for the United States are things such as the

○ Lead poisoning from eating lead-based paint. Lead poisoning can lead to learning disabilities or even brain damage.

Since the ban of lead based paint in residential homes, gasoline, and plumbing materials in 1978, numerous preventative measures have been put in place to protect children in the United States from exposure to high amounts of lead (Levin et al., 2008). As researchers and health care providers bring to light the many adverse health effects associated with chronic lead exposure, recent data suggests that there is no safe amount of lead a child can be exposed to. Yet while the regulations imposed have been significantly effective, elevated blood lead levels (EBLs) among U.S. children remain high. This literature review analyses whether lead poisoning is still a predominant threat to U.S. children by addressing the following

Furthermore, lead can cause some serious health problems, especially to children. Lead can cause something called lead poisoning, which happens when you absorb too much lead by interacting with any substance that has lead in

China, one of the most complicated relationship with the United States politically but economically, they are best friends. China’s number one import is technology such as cellular devices, computers, and even air crafts. Japan sends to the United States things such as medical equipment, machinery, technology as well as air crafts, just like China. The United Kingdom sends to the United States through imports electronics, air crafts, and pharmaceuticals. So why are these imports so important? It is because the United States can only manufacture so much. If the United States were to manufacture all of these, then there would have to be a lot more factories opened here on US soil. But due to the fact that other countries are making these commodities and importing it to the US, there is not a need to open up factories and begin manufacturing.

Lead-based paint has been banned since 1978, but many older structures on USAG-KA still have this paint on walls, woodwork, siding, windows, and doors. Construction and demolition workers can be exposed to lead contamination by cutting, scraping, sanding, heating, burning, or blasting lead-based paint from building components. In addition to exposure to workers, lead-based paint debris or dust can also make its way into soil, potentially contaminating surface waters.

Every year millions of Americans spend a good portion of their hard-earned dollars on Chinese products. Low-cost goods are appealing to consumers. Many of those consumers have no idea how these affordable foreign products impact America and the people who live and work there. As a consumer, supporting one’s own country is desirable. Every American family can benefit from purchasing products that were manufactured in the good ole US of A.

They proposed that having cheap imports available to buy would not help the Americans who no longer could find work because their industries had moved overseas. By the 1990s, this debate between supporters of free trade and those who wanted to limit trade had become an important part of American politics. China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001. People feared that their trade policies and greater involvement in the global economy will create more poverty and put China’s population at a

“Lead was used in many consumer products until it was phased out in the early 1980’s. Lead can be found in the soil, soot, tap water, herbal medicines from other countries and lead- based paint” (CDC, 2010. Paint in homes built before 1980 became a hazard when it peels and chips. The route of exposure is through inhalation and oral ingestion. Babies are more vulnerable because of their size, make up and behavior” (Davis, 2007). These babies are not responsible for their actions which makes the care givers not only responsible for their own safety but that of their children. “Statistics have shown that although people can be exposed to lead in the USA, most of the infants diagnosed with lead are from foreign born parents. In 2009, 47% of the pregnant women identified with blood lead levels (BLL) > 15ug/ dl, were born in Mexico” (Farley, 2010). “When mothers are exposed to lead, it passes through the placenta and affects the fetus. The current CDC target blood lead level for children under six years of age is 10ug/dl” (CDC, 2010). Even to small levels of BLL can cause health and developmental issues. Along with

The leaded paint was commonly used until 1960 and mostly eliminated in 1978. It was the easiest way of exposure to large amounts of lead, and it was the most common sources. Such as the people who work in the field of pigment by exposure to it by breathing. For the children, they may chew on painted surfaces such as windowsills

If you look through the federal rules concerning lead paint, you will see that the lion's share of defining standards are all about buildings inhabited by children. Aside from the obvious need to protect our children, this is because children are more susceptible to the effects of lead poisoning. For example, a child’s cerebral membrane is still largely permeable until the age of