China Reform

China’s population was growing rapidly, almost doubling between 750 and 1100. Because of this huge population boom, paper money was established, and the trade industry grew. There were many advances that were made, such as technological improvements

China has changed in certain ways and remained the same in others from the early Golden Ages to the late 1900s. China has experienced a series of cultural and political transformations, shaping the lives of many Chinese citizens. Culturally, the country’s art and literature hardly changed for almost eight hundred years. Along with their culture, China remained politically the same from the beginning of the Golden Ages all the way until the 1800s. On the other hand, China’s government and society were restructured after new leaders took over. From a monarch to total communism, China’s society had a multitude of new ideas and policies they had to adapt to.

China remains a current world super power that has been around for thousands of years. It was one of the first civilizations ever created and it has evolved into an enormous country. China is a large territory, but only 10% of the land can be farmed on. This continues to be a tremendous problem, especially with the large population that mostly lives in rural areas. In the past China was seen as a fragile nation that was still stuck in the past, although after the Four Humiliations this began to change. The Four Humiliations were a group of events that forced China to modernize due to the losses it faced. After the last of the four humiliations and the fall of the dynasty era during 1911, China began to catch up to the westernized world by modernizing their government, military, and education. The Chinese

Tracing back the history of China, Xia Dynasty of the second millennium BCE was the earliest dynasty in China, which was centered along the Yellow River. Before China was unified, it was the time during which most of China's cultural tradition arose. Chinese civilization ascended and developed in a vast area, one-third larger than the United States if such dependencies as Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and Tibet are included. For centuries China was almost completely isolated from the other centers of civilization by mountains, deserts, and seas. This isolation helps explain the great originality of China's culture. China has many mountain ranges and three river systems that rise close together on the high Tibetan plateau and flow eastward to

Therefore, the sudden introduction and incorporation of silver in the lives of the Chinese affected them socially because new jobs were formed, and economically because the gap between the poor and the rich was slowly widening due to

China had a prosperous economy based on technological and industrial development and long-distance trade. China raised taxes and confiscated the land of wealthy individuals. Iron metallurgy in China was high. Iron was used domestically

This caused a shift towards a fast growing consumer society. Slowly the Chinese began to be able to buy more consumer goods due to their increased revenue. However, the dawn of the 80’s made Deng question the growth of China. A fear for two much freedom and inflation made Deng re-polarize and backtrack, slowly limiting spending. This form of rising expectations met by failed expectations from the young and growing consumer market ultimately led to the fatal incident of 1989. The change and freedom in laws gave the younger generation a feeling of empowerment and euphoria. High expectations grew out of this booming mixed economy. However, signs of corruption and inequality led for friction in the ranks of Chinese society. A call for increased standards of living for educated citizens caused uproar countrywide. Their protest that came to a bloody end is what we know as the Tianan Men Square Massacres.

China has been the biggest economic structure for quite along time, but there are horrible reasons for these, and these decisions are made by the people 's republic of china. The people 's republic is China 's government, and they make all the decisions.A dystopian society is an unbalance in a nation about the people and the government; such as china, the people 's republic of china, or their government, makes many decisions that have affected their country. The three points one can analyze through researching the topic of dystopian societies are the influence of the government, the impacts and change the people 's republic made on china, and the how literature can be used to educate people about the problems in a dystopian society and the progression toward inequality.

In her novel Factory Girls, Leslie Chang offers an insider’s perspective of the Chinese export business that ultimately exposes the true colors of factory life in China to the people of the western society. Throughout the novel, she cites historical reasoning as to why a sudden growth in factory workers has occurred and how it has turned into the monstrous industry that it is now. Mainly, she credits the large migration of people from the rural areas to the cities because this caused major political reform. The PRC were then able to move into the global economy with a new strategy, given by Deng Xiao Ping, which consequently caused trade to open up and certain cities to be designated as placeholders for economic development with the potential for newer business.

Throughout the mid to late 1900s China went through a major change. They went from capitalism to communism under the direction of Mao Zedong. Mao instituted quite a few domestic policies in hopes to ameliorate China. Through the Great Leap Forward coupled with the Cultural Revolution there had been numerous failures and little success. Mao was the source of pain and suffering. His communistic ideas destroyed the moral, and the modernization of China.

As the People’s Republic of China moved away from the policies of the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution and moved toward economic reform by integrating into the global economy, there were several effects felt by Chinese society at large. Reform policies of Deng Xiaoping helped China adopt a new type of economy with effects felt by all assets of society. Participation was largely shaped by these new policies of capitalism and industrialization, as it moved away from the Maoist socialist state. Effects included migration to the cities and the rise of the migrant worker. Even with the changes, several media sources convey criticisms of this contemporary Chinese development, namely in how the lower class people of China have been negatively

Following Mao, Deng Xiaoping’s focus was on the “invigoration of china” and he coined this term after his goal was to restore China from many damages caused in the Cultural Revolution of Mao. He saw very high levels of growth in the economy by reducing the role of the state in the economy (Wang, 2013; Krieger, Kesselmen and William, 2013). However, tragedy in Tiananmen Square shook the growing progress of Xiaoping, although Chinese government saw their brutal tactics and use of force as necessary to secure national stability (Krieger, Kesselmen and William, 2013). Deng Xiaoping’s successor, Jiang Zemin, reiterated the idea of the Chinese Dream by promoting the “great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” which ultimately focused on everything anti-western, as Western powers were scene as the “source of China’s backwardness and suffering” (Wang, 2013). This was a major contrast to Deng Xiaoping’s view, which was that China’s ‘backwardness’ was rooted in the cultural revolutions and the problems that arose there. The next attempt at achieving the Chinese Dream came with Hu Jintao and his attempt to

“I don’t care if the cat is black or white, I just want it to kill the mice.” - Deng Xiaoping.

Feeling this was not enough to boost the economic up, Deng loaned money from IMF and the World Bank “to upgrade machinery and establish new manufacturing and industrial development” (Benson, 48). He opened a total of five towns and villages as SEZs and allowed foreign investors to build factories and hire Chinese to work for them. It might not be the best way to reform the economic as a whole, but it played an important role because it benefited the Chinese workers, the investors, and the Chinese government. During the 1980s, Deng promoted the “open door” policy to encourage foreign investment and to trade with the world. China needed larger quantities of raw materials to fuel its industrial growth so they signed contracts for minerals, timer, and so forth. It had not only provided China with raw materials that were needed, but also improved the relations with other neighbor counties and the US.

China’s economic reform has attracted worldwide attention. From the early stage of mainly export-oriented industries with cheaper labour costs to more recent foreign investments aiming to tap the huge domestic market, China, especially eastern region has gradually opened up to the rest of the world. While this research study is not only of vital importance to China, but also meaningful to the FDI development efforts to the individual regions in other countries.