China 's Infrastructure Play : Why Washington Should Accept The New Silk Road Essay

Following the War of 1812, the United States established itself as a world power and proved its capability to protect needy nations. After the French Revolution, nations realized the importance of balancing power and recognized the dangerousness of one nation holding excessive power. (Stanley Chodorow, MacGregor Knox, Conrad Schirokauer, Joseph Strayer, Hans Gatzke 1969) For years, America held the policy of isolationism and only intervened in other countries’ affairs if necessary. Despite strained relations in the past, diplomatic relations with China began in 1979. (Andrew J. Nathan, Columbia University 2009) Last year, an American battleship entered the South China Sea, inspecting Chinese activities. As an ally and nation known to keep the

The recent interactions of emerging and established states suggest that the existing standards of the current global economy are shifting. According to Stewart Patrick in his article “Irresponsible Stakeholders? The Difficulty of Integrating Rising Powers,” the United States must accommodate for emerging states within the global economy and refrain from enforcing their values of an open and liberal international economy in order to achieve effective cooperation. Similarly, Andrew Nathan and Andrew Scobell argue in their article “How China Sees America: The Sum of Beijingʻs Fears” that as China gains more influence within the global economy, the United States will have to respond appropriately to maintain its economic values. Both articles ultimately assert that

President Richard Nixon once famously remarked, “The Cold War isn’t thawing; it is burning with a deadly heat. Communism isn’t sleeping; it is, as always, plotting, scheming, working, fighting.” If there is only one statement that captures the raw tension and scale of the Cold War, it is this. In fact, the real heat of the Cold War was often felt in Asia, rather than Europe or America itself. Real conflict broke out in Asia during this tense period of American history, such as in the correlated but separate spheres of Korea and Vietnam, but there was also diplomacy that took place, such as in China.

It is no longer appropriate to say, “China is quickly emerging as a global superpower.” The fact is China is just that. Realizing this the United States of America has attempted to once again turn its focus eastward. Continuing problems at home and in the Middle East however have made doing so difficult. Additionally more and more frequently attempts at influencing the ongoing narrative in the Asia- Pacific region have been rebuffed. Even allies have found strength in the emergence of a system that fails to conform to previously prescribed methods and ideals. This leads to a fundamental question America must answer quickly. Has the growing hypocrisy of idealistic political rhetoric versus actual foreign policy finally undermined American credibility with developing nations, or for the purposes of this paper more specifically China? The answer is yes.

The American military conducted countless humanitarian missions and forceful interventions across the world. But as developing countries rise, the international environment quickly approaches a more multipolar balance of power. Given this trend, some argue that America’s broad and arguably invasive security policy is unsustainable, and that military spending and foreign military operations need to be scaled-back. Others argue that the United States has a unique and important place in the world and must take measures to retain its leadership position, even at the cost of developing nations. Today, analysts of United States security policy debate an important question. Should the United States revert back to a one-dimensional security agenda with one clear objective? Moreover, should the United States direct its attention and energy towards China, its most formidable

The major actors involved in the Chinese challenge include the US government, the Chinese Government, US and Chinese businesses, and the American Citizens. When analyzing the hierarchy of goals for the Chinese government, it is important to note that the Chinese Communist Party is not democratically elected. Their mandate to govern has been based on China’s strong economic performance. Above all else, it is crucial for the Chinese government to maintain its economic success. 29% of China’s GDP is composed of exports of goods and services.

And with this strong role China has been assuming, so has it been getting stronger by building military equipment competitive with those of the U.S. and drawing narrower a military gap it once possessed when compared to America’s armed forces. Furthermore, China has “displaced the United States as the world’s leading manufacturing nation” in 2010 (US Foreign Policy, pg. 414). Not a surprise since a majority of products purchased in the U.S. carry a label stating, “Made in China.” And predictions hold China as the world’s largest economy by year 2041 (US Foreign Policy, pg. 415). Thus, the fact that China has become an emergence matters. Since the dismantled of the Soviet Union, the U.S. was not challenged, when it came to power by any other competitor, however now, the U.S. dominance in international politics has to deal with a China that has the capabilities to lead the world’s economy.

3. Describe the Silk Road and its use and effect in China and the West.

In 1999, trade between China and Latin America totaled approximately $8 billion; by 2009, that number had had grown to $130 billion. Earlier this year, a study by the United Nations’ Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) concluded that by the year 2016, trade between China and Latin America will surpass that between the Eurozone and Latin America, making China Latin America’s second largest trading partner. Most studies of this partnership have focused on: a growing security dilemma, a monumental language barrier, sea disputes, a red scare (the fear that China will spread communism), and Africa–China relations (where China is often referred to as a new imperialist). This paper will explore the motivations and strategies that are shaping China’s engagements in Latin America. I will focus, first, on China’s resource extraction strategies in Latin America and, second, the implications of these strategies for the two regions. The paper will argue that China’s goal in Latin America is first and foremost, to secure sufficient resources to meet the needs of its population and to secure its continuing economic growth, and look at considerable strategies China has to achieve this. It is also clear that China is using its economic, political, and military power to influence other developing countries, especially on sensitive issues like Taiwanese independence. Lastly, both Latin America and China seek to benefit from their relationship, and it is likely

According to Friedberg, China and the U.S. are on their way to compete for international power and influence. In his work, he reviews an emerging Sino- American rivalry that continues to intensify due to the power gap narrowing. This rivalry is not due to erased misperceptions and policy errors. However, it is due to power politics and differing ideologies. Both the U.S. and PRC have objectives that threaten interests of the others side. The United States promotes “regime change” in China. They wish to have China move from an authoritarian means towards liberal democracy by peaceful and gradual methods. Even though both have differences, they see the benefit in continuing their economic relations. Author claims that we focus on the more

In the book “on China” the author examines the main episodes in China foreign policy with the United States from classical day to modern day. Kissinger argues that, the American policies toward China are one, setting in the motion about the normalizations of relations with the citizen of China. Two, new diplomatic and negotiations should start in order to extend further arms and control powers. Three, engagement policy. This will be a shifting focus of America administrators alternating between the realism and liberation. Four, Cautious engagement with China. This will ensure there will be no military expansion of China. Since cooperation with China would encourage China to become Benign. It will also become a helpful partner in terms of security and political issues. Last policy was adopting G-2 to solve foreign affairs issues.

The current international system is fragmenting rapidly since the end of the Cold War. A lot of regions in the world are still trying to find the balance of power in the international system, which the U.S. often intervenes to provide its brand of “global leadership”. Some countries like China are emerging as a global power since a few years ago. Subsequently, this will lead to a major threat to the U.S. status as a global major power. The rise of power by China in the international scene signifies the unpredictable nature of the international system. I would argue that the three most critical challenges for the U.S. arising out of this environment are the future world globalization that will cause a conflict between its domestic and foreign policy, the rise of China as a global power, and the ever globalization of terrorism. I believe that the U.S. should be pragmatic in handling its foreign policy and handle each situation independently without a fix doctrine in order to minimize the unintended consequences produced by the globalization of the world.

The events that have taken place over the past couple of centuries, and more so the past decade, have monumentally impacted the relationship between the United States and China for better and for worse. Today, China and the U.S. have evolved into two of the most elite superpowers in the world, and they classify as some of the most prominent leaders in economics, military, technology, and universal innovation. Currently, the United States is just weeks away from electing their next president, cyber-attacks are being investigated exponentially, and the South China Sea Debate continues to be disputed. The outcomes of all these events will undoubtedly affect the relationship between China and the United States for the next 10 years.

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has become more integrated and willing to cooperate within the global political and economic systems than ever in its history. However, there is growing apprehension in the Asia-Pacific region and the U.S. in regards to the consequences of rising in economic and military power in China. Descriptions about Chinese diplomacy in the policy and scholarly are less positive lately concerning China’s obedience to regional and international rules. There was little debate in the U.S. and elsewhere in regards to whether China was or was not part “the international community.” Scholars and experts in the early 1990s have contended

“China Rising” is a non-arguable fact and the one of the most important subjects in the twenty-first century. The rise of China is a relative threat to the neighboring regions or other great powers. Further, some scholars also comment that China either will replace or has already superseded the United State as the world’s only superpower. China’s growth is too rapid and massive that other nations have limited or no opportunity to compete with. In the other hand, others argue that confits between two nations are avoidable. For example, economic exchange between the United States and China increased dramatically after the 1970s. The economic interdependence lowers the intension for China to create clashes with the United States. In