China‘S One Child Policy

Based on the population issue, the Chinese government enforced the birth control policy from the late twentieth century until now, so the total fertility rate of China is lower than the total fertility rate of the U.S. In the labor market, China plays an important role of the labor export. Large population emerges more workers, so the labors are cheaper in China. After the cold war in the 1990s, the global economic cooperation made the connection between countries was more close and complex. Many international companies invent and possess their core technologies in the U.S or other developed countries, but they found their manufacturing factories in China. They already aimed at the Chinese large cheap labor market could reduce the cost in their entire business. Consequently, people can find different kind of stuff labeled as “made in China” easily and frequently—it is a good explanation for the fact of half of my clothes were “made in China”. Many small factories which produce clothes and accessories are located in small towns in southeast of China, especially Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong Provinces. Most of workers in those factories are wide range-age women who from rural areas with lower level education. Their working conditions are depended on the conditions of the factories.

Without a doubt, China has been one of the leading countries in terms of economic developments in recent decades; however, the downside of the rapid economic achievements has risen to surface, calling Chinese Government to action.

. In the contemporary scheme of things China makes up for roughly 11% of the world’s exports, an amazing feat for a country that practiced an isolation policy and communism only forty years prior. Additionally, China with a large-scale allocation of funds to improve poverty ratings has successfully brought four hundred million people out of poverty, into a lower-middle class. Now, while still competing with Japan for Asian hegemony, China enjoys a great deal more security and prosperity through its transformation from a failing communist state to a wealthy hyper-capitalist state. Through capitalistic economic reforms, an export led economy, and efficient one-party, authoritarian politics China has been able to bounce back from three decades

The Chinese are an emerging economy that has taken over the world's production in recent years. In fact China is now considered to be the world's factory, as all the major players in the world outsource all or some of their manufacturing activities to the country. All this would not have been possible without the help of technology and with the state of globalization being such, that logistics and distances are becoming shorter and shorter.

China is world 's most fastest growing economy with top exporting companies and huge amount of foreign investments. Global financial crisis happened during 2009 due to collapse of international market hit china hard initially but its economy was the first one to rebound and return to growth. Now in 2014 country 's Purchasing Managers Index survey suggests that manufacturing growth is slow. The country 's Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) fell to a lower-than-expected 50.8, from 51.1. Any score above 50 represents growth. This will create huge pressure to provide jobs for increasing

Export was the main growth from 1994 in China, but China has new growth engines in recent years. In addition, China has made some reforms in social, politics and economics for a better development. Some people think China did a right decision to get new growth engine and to reform, which can deal with many issues that prevent China from growing better at economy. However, some others against that China changes to a new growth engine and makes these reforms, because China grow faster and faster these years. Thus, this paper will discuss in two parts: one is the origin and reason of export to be main growth in China during past several years, and also what the new growth engine is with its effect. The other is the influence of three reforms for sustained strong economic growth in the future.

trade deficit with China cost 2.8 million jobs between 2001 and 2010” by Robert E. Scott, the Director of Trade and Manufacturing Policy Research. His research provides a lot of remarkable data that shows how Chinese imports displace American jobs. For instance, he points out that the dramatic growth of US-China trade deficit has been one of the primary factors contributing to the crisis in U.S. manufacturing employment. The trade deficit over the last decade has replaced 2.8 millions million American jobs, in which 1.9 millions million were in the manufacturing industries. Noticeably, the Chinese currency has been manipulating is valued lower than it should be, in order to increase the competitive advantage of Chinese cheap-price goods. Besides, Chinese government has been issuing some illegal policies or regulations to compete unfairly with American goods, such as labor abuse or environment damage. Some other reasons are counted to point out how illustratehow cheap imports from China harm the American economy, in which China has broken its promises to attend the WTO. Scott concludes that the deficit caused by the trade with China has been replacing millions American jobs, increasing the national depth, decreasing the export capacity, and making more macroeconomic problems. Moreover, I think that moving blue-collar jobs abroad can support

When you walk into a store and pick up a few manufactured items, odds are— they were produced in china. That being said, it is safe to say that china is a global leader in manufacturing and international exports. But what does this mean for china and its residents? In recent years, its population has seen that it means increased pollution as well as health risks. As China has become more globalized, it’s major cities have shot up, and pollution has gone through the roof. Resulting from the industrial revolution, China and its cities have both grown and been destroyed.

China has sustained a high rate of average annual growth in real GDP 10.1% between 1998 and 2008. The growth rate peaked at 14.2% in 2007 but slowed to 9.2% due to the impact of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) on China’s exports and inflows of foreign investments. Hence, in 2015, China’s growth was 6.9%, falling to 6.7% in 2016 and forecast at 6.7% in 2017. Despite these recent slowdowns, the Chinese economy has seen a rapid rise in overall economic performance over the past years due to the introduction of globalisation. The Chinese government has capitalised on growth opportunities through policies promoting trade and foreign investment. Through the “Great Leap

China exports manufacture almost as much as the rest of emerging Asia combined (USD1,900 billion versus USD2,000 billion annually) and twelve times that of North Africa. The advantageous point of China is some of China’s largest container ports also have vastly more capacity than entire countries, such as India or Vietnam.

Indeed, for over two years China experienced the lowest growth rate of its export on October, 2011; its export to Europe, especially Italy reduced by almost 18%. This is because the affected European countries are taking measures that in turn are reducing the demand for China’s export. For instance, these countries have opted to reduce their public debt by minimizing public spending, such as cutting civil servants salaries. Consequently the disposable income of these servants has been reduced, leading to a lower aggregate

Also devalued Yuan made Chinese export goods cheaper to become more competitive in the global market and increase the export values to the expectedly number.

Up till now, it is ranked No.1 busiest port in 6 consecutive years. (World Shipping Council, n.d) Also, the World Shipping Council ranked Top 50 World Container Ports, and within the top 10 ports, 7 of them are ports located in China as we can see from figure 1.2. In only 30 years, China’s economy is vastly growing and it hit the world’s second largest economy. China now is a market that every company wants to enter and it is amazing to see the changes. Much of the country’s wealth comes from trade that it even has a nickname of “the world’s factory”. From t-shirts to oil and coal, China’s vast natural resources and government support in economy turned impossible into possible. Cheap labor cost as one of the factors that draw attention to international companies. In recent years, technology has become one of the biggest impact to China’s society. (Huijiong & Yan, 2012)

The successful development of an internationally competitive textile industry in China directly contributed to the economic growth of the nation. In 1950 China’s industry growth stagnated as the country found itself unable to capture the power of its extensive labor surplus; however, the economic reforms of the late 1970s allowed the industry to transform its existing industrial base into one that controlled 22% of textile exports from developing countries (Yang 3).

Chinese manufacturers have plenty of advantages over their US counterparts. The workers' rights laws established in the early 1900's and the rising minimum wage have made US manufacturing not only expensive but also inconvenient. Chinese manufacturers will always be able to create products at a lower cost due to the lower labor cost and an enormous workforce. US manufacturers simply cannot compete.