Chinese Essay Exam for Civil Service

3. Evidence – (China) These people were elite members of society. To become involved in politics or to be any leader, a person had to take a test of intelligence, based off Confucian teachings and beliefs. (India) In society, Brahmins (priests) were held in the highest regard. Whatever caste a person was born into, that is where the person stayed, and that’s what determined the person’s importance.

The Qing empire ruled China with Confucianism as the main imperial system used until the very end. However, the beginning of Qing downfall result of the exam system became corrupted and filled with bribery. Instead of the fair examination on the knowledge of Confucianism, the wealthy use their power to get their ways, result in not the most qualified politicians. Additionally, it shows the lack of Confucius value in the Qing system. On the other hand, bureaucracy meant to improve the lives of the wealthy not the poor. Also, the money was given to the people with power and wealth, not to infrastructure.

First, the Han Dynasty was more important to the development of China because it created the idea of a Civil Service Exam. The Han Dynasty readopted the idea of having families rulers after the Qin Dynasty strayed from the tradition; however, they kept the idea of bureaucrats from the Qin Dynasty. They used appointed government officials to oversee the day-to-day work of their government. This lead them to implement the Civil Service Exam. The exam was meant to help chose the bureaucrats for the government. It was a test centered around the ideas of Confucius and how to apply them to everyday life. By making this a normal part of Chinese society, the Han Dynasty was able to extend government official job opportunities to people of all social classes. In addition, because the exam gave these opportunities to all people, all people put more emphasis on

The Han dynasty, instead, viewed their government bureaucracy in more high esteem. The origins of the Han dynasty bureaucracy were in the preceding Qin dynasty. This is described in one passage by Sima Qian, a Han historian, where he describes the first emperor of the Qin dynasty. In these writings he describes the first emperor, Qin Shihuangdi, as a very cruel despot who burned important writings, imposed cruel penalties, and was very arrogant.(FOOTNOTE). However, even Sima Qian acknowledges that he unified China through the appointment of officials to rule provinces, and standardizing their measurements and writing system.(FOOTNOTE). When the Qin dynasty ended in 202 BCE, however their bureaucratic system survived through the Han dynasty.(FOOTNOTE). This is significant because even though the Han viewed the Qin dynasty very poorly, they still enacted a bureaucracy that was very similar. The unique attributes of this bureaucracy was that it was more centralized, and cohesive then that of the Roman empire. Also, as mentioned earlier, it was better staffed and more equipped.

China has been a communist country. Despite persistent debate over an extended period of time, the question whether which Chinese government is the most responsive to its people has never been permanently settled. However, I dare to claim that Qing Dynasty was the most open and receptive to its people among several Chinese governments. Some people might contend that Republic of China, Warlords, and Chinese Communist Party were the most responsive to its people. However, a close examination throughout this essay will clearly reveal the fallacious nature of their argument. My line of reasoning will derive its support from the most fundamental sources of human wisdom and history.

5. How did the tribute system in practice differ from the ideal Chinese understanding of its operation?

Nevertheless, hundreds of years later, when China became a large unified country, its emperor started to promote Confucius’s ideas nationwide and even integrated them into 科举 to select government officials, who were all supposed to master

In Rome, the highest positions in the government were held by two leaders, who ruled the Roman Republic. A senate composed of citizens elected these leaders. This is different than the Han’s distribution of power because they believed in no citizen involvement in their government. The Han had a central control or supreme monarch which had total control over the people and gave citizens no influence towards leadership, unlike in Rome. They created social classes to bring together the people of the empire. In China, the leaders used a group of experienced bureaucrats while in Rome land was given to

The Roman empire had an effective system of government through civil service. He paid workers to manage the affairs of government, such as the grain supply, tax collection, and the postal system. They had an organized way of carrying out day to day operations and controlled an entire empire through this. This also gave the common people jobs too, “Although the senate still functioned, civil servants drawn from plebeians and even former slaves actually administered the empire” (162). The Han had a similar system but ultimately, the common people weren't accounted for and the poor couldn't have government jobs. Wudi set up a school where hopeful job applicants from all over China could come to study Confucius’s works…. In practice, few peasants could afford to educate their sons. So only sons of wealthy landowners had a chance at a government career (203). The Han’s system was effective but not as effective and proactive as the Roman empires because the Roman’s system involved all people and gave all people

China CCOT Essay Rough Draft From 1600 B.C.E. to 1600 C.E., many changes, as well as continuities, can be observed in the political and social institutions of the Chinese dynasties. Two changes that were significant during these times were the role of merchants and the civil service exam components and specifications. Two continuities that can be observed are the idea of a centralized government as well as women’s inferiority to men.

The Han created State Confucianism, a system that combined Confucianism with Legalistic government organization. Through using this system, the Han could use many Qin government structures, such as dividing the government into three sections: a censorate, civilian authority, and military authority. They also borrowed the use of a grand council, which headed the centralized government and consisted of representatives from each of the three government divisions. The Han borrowed the use of a local government, which controlled the empire’s individual districts and provinces. Lastly, the Han used the Qin practice of choosing talented people to serve in government. They accomplished this through the civil service

The Classical period is the time when world history was shaped by the rise of large civilizations that stemmed from previous cultures. Two examples of these civilizations are the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire, which are both powerful and dominant in their own regions. Despite being in different locations, these two societies are known for their unique political systems. Comparing and contrasting the political institutions of these two major empires can help improve our understanding of how they managed to stay successful despite the challenges they faced. Han China (206 B.C.E. - 220 C.E.) is known for its complex bureaucracy.

China has been in a state of revolution and reform since the Sino-Japanese war of 1895. As a result of Japan’s victory over Russia in 1905, China’s constitutional reform movement gathered momentum. This forced the Manchu government by public opinion to make gestures of preparation for a constitutional government, an act to which reformers in exile responded enthusiastically by establishing a Political Participation Society (Cheng-wen-she) (1, pg.84).

In the Japanese system official positions were greatly determined by connections at the court and genealogy, so the examination system was gradually revoked (10, p. 18). Vietnam adopted the Chinese system in 1075 and discontinued the tradition in 1919, making Vietnam the last country to abolish the system. The Vietnamese system implemented several changes to the system, for example, new curriculums for Confucianism, Daoism and

Abstract: Imperial examination in ancient China was developing based on the nine-rank system. From Sui and Tang dynasties to Guangxu year, Qing dynasty, it took more than 1300 years to evolve. The Imperial Examination is officially called Keju Examination in China, which was an important part of education system of feudal society in ancient China. In the mean time, it was a kind of officer-selecting system as well. It played a significant role in cultivating, selecting, and making use of talents. Modern examination system also takes example by the imperial examinations in ancient China. So we should attach importance to researching and studying it due to its enlightenment to the innovation