Chinese Impact On Australian Federation

During his time in office, Gough Whitlam was able to determine and predict that in future times the Australian people would have to rely further on their Asian neighbours. Just two weeks after being elected, Whitlam officially recognised the communist government of the People's Republic of China and opened up diplomatic relations (Source 6) as well trading and cultural links. Within a year Australia had reopened its embassy in Beijing (Source 7) which had been closed in protest when the communist government took power. Whitlam wanted to change the racially charged thoughts of Australians which had prevented interactions in its own region. Relations between Australia and South-East Asia also improved after the abandonment of the 'White Australia' policy under the Whitlam government. Not only did that prompt the arrival of Asian refugees, it also allowed a larger range of people from Asian countries to obtain tourist and education visa’s. The Colombo Plan allowed Asian students to study in Australia. The Vietnam War and major Whitlam policy reforms brought Australians out of our Anglo-centric view and realise that we had a larger part to play in Asia. As a result of many new cultural, diplomatic, trade and tourist links to Australia, the Whitlam government was able to boost exports dramatically, change the racist face of Australian society and

As the population of chinses immergents started to climb, they were starting to become apart of population statistics. If you were Chinese by birth and you were outside NSW, the governments of the other states took advantage of you and made you pay a special reentry

Concerns about the Japanese-Australians as well as Aboriginals had an impact on Australians as they

There was more or less no assistance of any kind given to the Chinese migrants, as immigration was rather a haphazard affair in the 19th century (especially to an isolated young country like Australia) and the level of racism encountered by Chinese prospectors on arrival made goldmining and making a living in Australia even harder.

Analyze the political, social, and economic continuities and changes in Australia from 1700 AD to the present. While Australia has politically gained independence since the 1700’s, their ethnicities have shifted to create a socially diverse country as they remain closely tied with the rest of the world in regards to global trade. Since Britain used to rule Australia in the 1700’s, Australia since has had revolutions that granted them political independence from a larger ruling body. This provides freedom for all of the inhabitants in Australia from an outside force. In addition to this, the ethnicities of Australia have been allowed to mix with those of the rest of the world as new people join the society of

Negativity has been surrounding our identity ever since “Invasion Day”, due to the poor treatment of the original owners of the land. Kevin Rudd’s speech left us all shocked, yet empowered to embrace this opportunity to change the face of Australia.

The 27th of March 1952, approved the admission of some Japanese war brides and ex-servicemen into Australia. This was a significant turning point for Australian Immigration as previously, because of the, “White Australia” policy, immigration policy had been racially discriminatory and not let any other nation into Australia other than Europeans.

The White Australian policy unofficially started in the 1850’s in the gold mines in violence against the Chinese. The start of the official White Australian policy was brought in under the new federal Australian government. The ‘Immigration restriction act’ obtained royal agreement on the 23rd of December 1901. The colonies governments were extremely concerned about the arrival of Chinese migrations, and were discussing a way to prevent the Chinese entrance into Australia. The governments discussed the problems at the Intercolonial conferences of 1880, 1888, and 1896. Up until the

In 1788, when European settlement began, Australia’s Aboriginal population was about 400,000. Today, over 20 million people live here. Migration has been the main driver for this change. In New South Wales, four out of every ten people are either migrants or the children of migrants. Australia’s Immigration history has been colonised since the convicts arrived on the first fleet in 1788, where approximately 10 million settlers moved to Australia in order to start a new life. Many of these people are migrants who arrived in the 1850’s gold rushes, or to escape adverse conditions in their home country such as the industrial revolution that caused a mass controversy in 19th century Britain due to

Australia and China both adopt different economic system in exchange for a substantial economic growth. China is in the process of a developing nation employing a command economy, which means the decisions on production and investment is decided upon the government. In comparison, Australia is a highly developed nation with a mixed market economy, meaning that the economy has a certain degree of planning involving the government, but the private sector dictates most of the economic decisions.

The Chinese traveled to the US in the time of the gold rush because they needed to come and make a fortune and return home. Many Chinese wanted to stay in the United States, but the US made it very difficult. One example of that is that in 1879 California passed a constitution that said no one could legally employ Chinese people. They even had a national holiday for anti-Chinese demonstrations. One more act they passed was called the Cable Act. It stated that if any American married a Chinese person (women in particular), they would lose their American citizenship.

Chinese workers were known for being hard working and peaceful, however they had to deal with racism and discriminatory politics. They had to pay taxes that no other people had to pay simply because they were Chinese. The Chinese had to pay a poll tax on arrival of £10, which would be approximately $10,000 by modern standards. Because of the unreasonable taxes, many Chinese would land outside of Victoria and walk to the goldfield. They were also required to pay an additional £1 because they lived under the protectorate system.They were forced to live in assigned camps and their business dealings and practices were carefully observed. The Chinese did not even get paid as much as the European diggers.

The First Chinese Immigrants into Australia dates back almost 200 years. It was seen at first as immigration that was a solution after labour was scarce in 1832 New South Wales, although the extent of immigration remained low until early 19th Century. The Australian Gold Rushes were what first attracted thousand of Chinese Immigrants to the country. By 1861, the Chinese community was already flourishing and made up nearly 7% of the Victorian Population [7]. As the gold slowly ran out, the Chinese

The mid1800s to the early 1900s saw vast change in the way Asia was perceived by Australia, a pendulum swing between both fear and optimism saw our country hit great highs and lows with our foreign neighbours. However, in the beginning, hostility was evident; ,a huge influx of Chinese migrants flocked to Australia in search of gold in the 1850s. The promise of a sustainable income coaxed the Chinese out of their homes, forcing them to leave behind their families in order to create an essential income to support their family . However, this posed a threat to the European settlers, vast amounts of Chinese migrants in search of gold lessened the chances of European wealth which threatened their superiority positions. Moreover, anti-Chinese laws

Many European miners resented the Chinese on the Goldfields.The Chinese worked longer hours, re-worked areas that had already been mined and often found more gold than the Eropeans.In dustrious workers, they found gold where others didn’t, so “to touch a Chinaman “ became a symbol of good luck to the diggers.At that time, most Europeans found it acceptable to hold racist views, and considered the Chinese inferior to white people.Colonial governments passed laws to try to restrict Chinese immigrants.In Victoria, the Chinese Immigration Restriction Act was passed in 1855.It charged ship owners a “ head tax” of 10 pounds ( several months wages for an ordinary worker)for every Chinese person who came to Victoria aboard their ship.The law also