Relationship Between Chinese And American Foreign Policy

It doesn’t matter what kind of ethnicity you are, or how you were brought up. Everyone is deeply rooted in their own culture. “Culture” has a different meaning to everyone. Comparing American culture to Chinese culture we will find many different meanings to the word “culture”. For example, we Americans are always looking for something bigger and better for our future, and the Chinese are content with a small reserved lifestyle with no intentions of changing it for something bigger. A culture is a way of life of a group of people-the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and are passed along by communication and imitation from

Originally, Liang’s “parents were deeply involved in all the excitement of working to transform China into a great Socialist country” (4). Over a serious of unfortunate events, though, he became the child of a “Rightist’s cap” mother and a “Reactionary Capitalist stinking intellectuals” father (9, 51). Impacted by the shattering of his family and horrific bloodshed created by fighting, Liang Heng began to question the Cultural Revolution. He claimed that his “family had scarified so much… but it had given [them] nothing in return” (148). Liang Heng presents his shift in ideology to demonstrate that most Chinese were no longer in support of a Communist nation. His “troubles were common enough and anyone could see there was a discrepancy between the glorious words of the newspapers and [their] painful reality (232). Even Liang Heng’s father, after many years of devotion, found that he could no longer defend the Party’s policies after he experienced the ill-treatment of the peasants in the country

Imperialism, capitalism, and anti-imperialism played a role in the revolutions that changed China. In 1919, Lenin founded the Comintern, “to help the national struggles of the oppressed nations”. (Zarrow, p.190) Russia wanted to show the Chinese that their revolution could be copied. After the May Fourth movement, two political parties formed. The Chinese Communist Party and the Guomindang. The Guomindang (GMD) was a Nationalist party, however, both parties were more disciplined, structured, and valued loyalty to their respective leaders than groups before them. (Zarrow, p.192)

1. The surge of China’s peasant movement was inevitable, and it would be extremely influential on Chinese revolutionary. There

“The Party: The Secret World Of China’s Communist Rulers,” by Richard McGregor is a book which provides detailed insight into the Communist Party of China, revealing many of the secret underpinnings of how the party is run, and explores the question of how they have continued to stay in power for so long. While other strong socialist powers, such as the Soviet Union and Eastern Germany, fell at the end of the 20th century, the CPC was able to stay in control and ultimately come out of that period even stronger. In McGregor’s own words “the party picked itself up off the ground, reconstituted its armor and reinforced its flank. Somehow, it has outlasted, outsmarted, outperformed, or simply outlawed its critics, flummoxing the pundits who have predicted its demise at numerous junctures.” Instead of letting its own ideologies weaken its power, the CPC has continually adapted and transformed its policies and goals in order to maintain their stronghold over the nation. Through his impressive list of Chinese scholars and political contacts, McGregor is able to lay out the fundamental workings inside the Chinese government and the impressive actions they’ve taken to remain such a powerful organization.

Kupchan and Trubowitz, Moravesik, and Zegart, all observe, from different angles, the problems in the way the U.S.’s divided government approaches foreign policy, ultimately pleading for a change in both the way decisions are made and actions are taken in order to preserve the U.S.’s influence and role within the international community.

As an effect from the civil war, the Chinese has changed in many ways, and when inspecting these changes, one can see that a lot of these changes have helped turn China into a dystopian society. As a result from the civil war in China between Communists and Nationalists, and the Communist victory, China has remained a single-party with Communists in control. The Chinese government also supplies their citizens with very little personal rights and freedoms, castigating many who oppose them. Also, China’s government works in way that in China, one’s personal relationships would matter much more than one’s position in the politburo, the main group of decision makers. To add on, there are multiple parts to this government that do do different things,

Mao had devised a plan; he needed to remove his political rivals as well as high officials in the communist party who were not sufficiently zealous. In a move of pure genius, Mao recruited his most loyal followers: the young people who had grown up under his reign who were eager to stir up trouble, and launched The Cultural Revolution. They were called the Red Guards and they were told to “smash up the four olds – defined as old ideas, old culture, old customs, and old habits.” Heeding the call, the revolutionary teenagers vandalised and destroyed antiques, paintings, and books, and burned historic buildings and temples to the ground. The Red Guards raided houses and severely beat the people living there, and long hair, jewelry, high heeled shoes, and tight fitting pants were not allowed. Artists, writers, and scholars were abused and attacked under the law for being bourgeois authorities and teachers were punished and even tortured by their students. These once revered adults were forced to bow and beg for their life at “denunciation meetings” where they were attack verbally and physically for hours in front of large crowds. But soon, enough was enough. The urban young people had run out of revolutionary activities to occupy themselves with, and were causing trouble, so something radical had to be done. These youth needed to be re-educated through hard labor in the countryside. “Mao advocated “thought reform through labour”

This revolution was a horrific event in which millions of educated people were murdered or committed suicide, also supporting the view of Mao being a ‘murderer’. Almost all professionals, including doctors, teachers, professors, scientists and technicians, religious leaders, virtually anyone with expertise or knowledge were denounced and prosecuted (Xing, L. 2004). The massive deaths of the Chinese meant a halt to the country’s development for obvious reasons; production of food, farming and lack of education. Mao quotes in 1967, “Some people say that China loves peace. That’s bragging.

Although the tensions during the 1989 student demonstrations and the Chinese Communist Revolution were similarly rooted in both the conflict between the state and the market and between the state, the collective, and the individual, one difference was evident. The peasants were dissatisfied with the government’s planned economy during the Cultural Revolution, but in 1989, market-based reforms angered all social groups except the one in power. Selden’s article illustrates the two challenges China faced during the Communist Revolution: reaching economic prosperity while maintaining political power and keeping tension between the state and the individual at a minimum. In the same way, the tensions behind the 1989 student demonstrations echoed

Present day China is not a purely Communist country according to the teachings of classical/neo-Marxism or orthodox Communism. Rather it’s more of political Stalinism infused with market-oriented economic reform. Resulting from Deng Xiaoping’s attempt to save the country from Mao Zedong’s failing social and economics in the early 1970’s. This is important to note as this dissertation focuses not on hypothetical political ideological viewpoints, but rather on the real world implementation of said political ideologies.

2016 is a very sensitive year for China and U.S. relationship. Should China and the United States cooperation or friction became a really important question between the two biggest economic countries in the global market, China is a newly growth young age economic developing country, and the U.S. as the head of the global market for years, two of them check and balance each other, but actually they should be work more compactness. The United States had been interested in China since 1784, at the end of World war II America “kept China from fragmenting and limited foreign exploitation.” (heritage.org), American and China had an intricacy history which also is a key point of the relationship between this two country. (heritage.org), As the presidential election underway, China’s relationship with America because a campaign issue for decades, both Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton indicate their point of view between the relationship with China, Donald Trump now as the newly president of the U.S. who will take over the office on Jan 20 of 2017, some of his positons on the future trades’ plan with China will significantly affect the relationship with China. (uschina). According large among of research, easily shows that China and the U.S. owns many factories and power on the global effect. They both are the permanent member of the United Nations which row a higher level of stands at the United Nations.

The Chinese Revolution featured peasants instead of workers as the major constituents in organizing and initiating political movements. This points out a crucial divergence of China’s communist revolution from its Russian or other Western counterparts where the revolution was waged by urban workers, resulting from the tension between the proletariat and the bourgeois emerging from the capitalist development. In China, however, only the ideological dimension of such revolution stood; while workers, peasants, and soldiers were moved to the top of the class, in practice, the significance and function of workers in relation to the revolution, before or after, was put on a question mark. Different generations of scholars have addressed this issue. This report therefore examines the question with the role of the worker in Chinese Revolution addressed in the assigned articles of this week, focusing on the discussions by Joe C. Huang, Elizabeth Perry, and Andrew Walder, on the dis/continuity of Chinese working class in pre- and post-1949 eras.

The Korean War was able to develop the People’s Republic of China as a major up and coming nation. The mid 1950s saw the rise of Chinese agricultural collectivization, making them an influential power in the world. With the country improving every year that passes, Mao wanted to move in the direction of Socialism, but was worried that those in the CCP were restricting him on making that leap. In a statement in 1957, Mao claimed that the Imperialist nations, like the United States, are more afraid of Socialist nations than the other way around (p.198). Mao shows how the transition into Socialism has created increased tension between Sino-Soviet relations. He states, “At present there exists some controversies between Chine and the Soviet Union. Their ways of thinking, behavior, and historical traditions differ from ours” (p.198). This was the first public statement made by the Chinese that distanced themselves away from Soviet authority. Mao’s response to these differences is that they must try to persuade them. He says that there are differences within the Communist party, and that many of those different ideas are on par with what he wants to bring using Socialism (p.199).

Sun Yat-sen’s role in the 1911 revolution against the Qing dynasty was an indirect one. Sun Yat-sen was exiled in the United States during the events of the Wuchang Uprising of October 10th, 1911, hearing about it through a newspaper publication in Denver, Colorado.[1] Many Historians view Sun’s accession as the provisional President of the Republic of China, directly following the revolution, as due to his position as a “compromise candidate”(Bergere, Marie-Clare, Sun Yat-sen, 1994, p. 12). This interpretation holds Sun Yat-sen as a respected but unimportant figure in the revolution, serving as an ideal compromise between the