Chlorine Experiment

Potassium Chloride is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. In its pure state, it is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. It is commonly used in fertilizer.

The radical chlorination of chlorobutane is performed using AIBN and sulfuryl chloride. The purpose in doing this is so that the 4 different products yielded could be observed and analyzed. The four products produced are, 1,1-dichlorobutane, 1,2-dichlorobutane, 1,3-dichlorobutane, and 1,4-dichlorobutane. For each product the chlorine adds in a different location relative to the original chlorine. This is due to a number of reasons, including the degree of carbon substitution and proximity to the chloro substituent.. The goal with this in the experiment was to find out why each product is given in different yields. Experimentally, to determine the effect of the chloro substituent on the reactivity per hydrogen, a gas

The free radical chlorination of 1-chlorobutane resulted in a mixture of at least 4 different possible products from the reaction. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry helped in figuring out which of the products are most abundant in the sample product created as well as in discovering the ratio of relative reactivities of the hydrogens. This experiment showed that the ratio of relative reactivities was found to be 1.0 : 3.5 : 6.2 : 2.4, which indicates that the secondary hydrogens are more reactive than the primary hydrogens and that reactivity further increases the further away the hydrogen is from the chlorine on the 1-chlorobutane. The results agree with the conjecture that the primary hydrogens are less reactive than

the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an ion. Chlorides ions help keep the

This scientific report is about how much mass is lost in metals after being placed in 1 molar hydrochloric acid for 30 minutes. Tin, iron and zinc will be weighed and placed into test tubes which will then be filled with 1 molar hydrochloric acid. After 30 minutes the metals will be taken out and weighed again. It is expected that the more reaction that occurs, the more mass is lost. Tin is a metal and has many uses and is commonly used to coat other metals to prevent them from corroding. An example of this is in tin cans made of tin-coated steel. Iron is another common metal which rusts easily but it is very important as it is used to manufacture steel. Zinc is a metal which is most commonly used to galvanise metals

2013). Cyanogen chloride forms cyanide in the body or when exposed to water. In addition,

The fact that it is extremely stable makes it possible for CFC to slowly make it way up into the stratosphere. This prolonged life in the atmosphere allows CFC to reach great altitudes where photons are more energetic. When the CFCs come into contact with these high energy photons, their individual components are freed from the whole. Because Chlorine acts as a catalyst it is able to destroy so much of the ozone layer Chlorine then initiates the breakdown of ozone and combines with a freed oxygen to create two oxygen molecules.After the reaction, chlorine will be able to begins the cycle over and over again with another ozone molecule. With this reaction, chlorine is able to destroy thousand of ozone layer. Because the ozone molecules are being broken down they are unable to absorb any ultraviolet light so we experience more intense UV radiation at the earth's

As I add the silver nitrate to the calcium chloride the calcium will begin bonding with the sulfate to form solid calcium sulfate and the silver will begin bonding with chloride to form solid silver(I)chloride. We know this because calcium is more reactive than silver and sulfate is more reactive than cl so the two more reactive particles will bond and the two less reactive will bond. They will both form solids because chloride ions when bonded with silver ions are insoluble and sulfate ions when bonded with calcium ions are also insoluble. The reason that all of the previously listed information is important to the conductivity is that if all reactants react to produce solids then there will be no aqueous ions floating around which is essential to conduct electricity. Since we now know that when we have and even amount of both reactant the solution produced will not conduct electricity and we also know that each of the aqueous reactants (when isolated) will conduct electricity, I predict as long as we have excess of one of the reactants in the final solution it will conduct electricity.

The second most important piece of information taken from Figure 1 is the number of protons in the model. The number of protons corresponds to the atomic number, which can be found on the Periodic Table. Chlorine has a total of 17 protons, so there are 17 protons drawn on the Bohr model. From the inside out, the number of electrons drawn on each shell are 2, 8 and 7. The third piece of information taken from Figure 1 is that Chlorine has a total of 18 electrons. This means that there is one more electron than there is protons. Because of this, chlorine becomes a negatively charged atom. Chlorine desperately wants another electron to fill its outer shell, so it bonds very nicely with atoms in which it can share an electron with. Chlorine has the ability to create many ions because of its need for another electron to become stable. The molecular structure of chlorine is important to understand. The Bohr model of chlorine helps to understand why chlorine reacts the way it does with other elements. Without the knowledge of what chlorine can work with and what it cannot, it is now possible to create medications in order to treat medical disorders. Knowing the facts of the molecular structure take away guess work and thus speed up the process of medical

Chlorine can get into our eyes through releasing of chlorine gas into the air which is one way chlorine gets into our eyes. Another way is through contact with water that contains a lot of chlorine. The moisture that is present in the eyes when in contact with chlorine tends to form acid and causes more irritation. 4.1 DISTRIBUTION Chlorine as mentioned is absorbed in the body through inhalation, ingestion, drinking, skin contact, and as well as eye contact.

All of the elements in group one are highly reactive with both chlorine and water. For example: If you mix lithium/sodium/potassium/rubidium/caesium/francium with chlorine gas, they will immediately burst into a flame and they will burn brightly for a certain amount of time, this makes chlorides. When you react these elements with oxygen, the outcome is pretty similar. It will also burst into flame although it will burn slightly fiercer than chlorine. This reaction creates oxides. There are different reactions for some of the elements when mixing with oxygen, lithium will show a red flame, sodium will present a yellow flame and potassium will reveal a lilac flame. As you move down the

Introduction Solutions are a combination of compounds that have different intermolecular forces, pH, pKa, and other chemical and physical characteristics. These characteristics are critically involved in how molecules interact when placed in the same container. For this experiment, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used for the amino acid titration, and potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) was used for the standardization of the NAOH solution. The hypothesis for this part of the experiment was that it was going to take less than 10 mL of NaOH to make the solution stay pink because chemical reactions can happen fast when is two aqueous solutions. Furthemore, the pH of various mixtures were taken and compared to the calculated

It may be used to harden steel, manufacture stainless steel, or form other useful alloys. As you read further, you will discover other astonishing facts that you probably never knew before about our pal, chromium! You may be curious as to how that jagged substance shown above is used to form a useful object. Well, I can go into

We can find Chlorine atom in group 7 of the periodic table. From the other side, the hydrogen atom has 1 electron in its outer shell so it needs to lose it to be stable. Hydrogen can form just 1 bond, so hydrogen atom will share its 1 electron with a chlorine atom to form one covalent bond and form a hydrogen chloride molecule which has (HCl) formula. When the two electrons share together in both atoms the shells touch when we count the electron in a hydrogen we will count it as 2 electrons in its outer shell and the chlorine atom can count 8 electrons in its outer

Chromium doesn't naturally occur in nature as its a uncombined element, it’s usually combined with iron and oxygen in a mineral called Chromite. Chromite is found in some beach sands, caused by the weathering of chromite-bearing rocks that develop over peridotite Chromium isn’t a naturally occurring element, however the process occurs in Zimbabwe, Africa and begins by being mined by both underground and surface techniques then followed by extracting which there metallic elements are extracted