Chongking Games

Stephanie Fryberg’s research interests focus on how social representation of race, culture and social class influence psychological well-being, and educational attainment. Fryberg is currently an associate professor in American Indian Studies and Psychology. She previously worked as an associate professor of psychology and affiliate faculty member in American Indian Studies at the University of Arizona. Rebecca Covarrubias earned a Bachelor of Science and a Master's and Ph.D. in Social Psychology from The University of Arizona. Dr. Covarrubias is currently a lab director and assistant professor at for the Department of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC).

The demographics of the survey were limited. Only current college students attending in the United States were allowed to participate in the survey. Because of this, the participant demographics in the survey are skewed for the sample. For example, of the sample N=166, only 18.7% of the respondents (n=31) identified as male and 4.8% of the respondents (n=8) identified as a gender other than male or female.

Along with that, racial identity is another big contributor to the degradation of African American’s youth mental health, as a weak racial identity results in poorly mishandled ways of coping with racism and stress. African American students as early as middle school engage in introspection of their racial identity, where they begin to discover who they are and the negative stereotypes surrounding their identity (Cheryl Holcomb-McCoy, 2007, p.256). The results of a study of 297 African American adolescents by McCreary, Slavin, and Berry found that a strong pride in racial identity was important in handling stress in a positive manner and decreasing poor mental health (Cheryl Holcomb-McCoy, 2007, p.256). Students were less likely to internalize negative racial stereotypes that devalue their worth and build resistance towards it. If not, students were more susceptible to succumbing to stereotype threat, racial bias, and a negative self-fulfilling prophecy that could alter their well-being and threaten their mental health. Chronic exposure to this can severely damage African Americans adolescents’ mental health, which is evident by their mental withdrawal in school and loss of interest or motivation to achieve academic success.

Undergraduate students enrolled in introductory personality psychology courses at The Pennsylvania State University from the Altoona and University Park campuses will be recruited for participation. All students enrolled in the courses will be required to complete the procedure for this study to earn a grade in the course, however, they will be required to give their consent to use their data in the present study in exchange for extra credit in the course. Those who do not consent to use their data will be omitted from the study and will be offered an alternative course assignment to earn the same amount of extra credit as those who opted to participate. Each participant’s age, race, and gender will be collected for use for comparison

Anderson, Craig A. (2003). An update on the effects of playing violent video games. Retrieved October 5, 2010 from http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs10/fa09/dis/02/extra/update_violence.pdf

In the development of racial identity in black American youth, there are 5 stages in developing racial identity between persons of color and 6 stages in developing racial identity in whites. Differentiation of self, people of color in the United States can experience racism from one’s own race with societal stereotypes that carry a negative connotation become internalized. Prior neighborhood experience matters when examining how black youth identify with their race. How black men and women develop racial identity differs and mass media takes a affect on how youth see themselves not only how they see themselves but how they see others who are the same race as them.

Boyer and Tracz (2014) specifically target Hmong students who attend the After-School Safety and Enrichment for Teens (ASSETs) program from two California high schools. The average population from each school was about 2,600 students and both schools have a high concentration of Hmong students. The ASSETs program often recruits struggling students, as they are referred by teachers and administrators. The population sample included 77 Hmong students who participated in the ASSETs program and 149 who did not, for a total of 226 students (Boyer & Tracz, 2014, p. 47). The study was approved by the institutional review board of California State University, Fresno. Students and parents were informed of the study’s purpose and consent forms were signed. Participating students had the opportunity to win an iPad at the end of the study. To quantify results, Boyer and Tracz (2014), were looking at five different data sources: California High School Exit Exam scores for ELA and mathematics, grade point average, school attendance rate, and a self-esteem score from the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1989). The year-long research was conducted over the 2008-2009 school year. (Boyer & Tracz, 2014, p. 47).

“The Rise of Asian Americans” is a relatively representative research because of its large number of sampling. The following statistics expert from the research shows how Asian Americans identify themselves. Over 3500 participants from all 50 states were involved. Based on the research, only 14% of Asian Americans label themselves as a “typical American”. Among them, 28% the native-born Asian

Participants in this study were 119 undergraduate students from a Canadian university. Gender selection was 36 males and 83 women with ages ranging from 18 to 51 years. As an incentive, the Canadian university psychology department awarded the participants with course

Study 2: 22 female and 8 male students, ages 19 – 31, also from upper-division communication courses; 90% Caucasian, 10% Hispanic, 3.3% African American, 3.3% Native American, 3.3% Other. Two married, others single.

Reflecting on and changing the face of ethnic minority psychology is very important in today’s society. Race, ethnicity, culture and diversity are pressing societal issues that have existed for several years. Many people face issues everyday with their identity, which is the sense of self being independent of one’s ethnic background; empowering it and then transforming it; whether transforming is for the good or for the bad. People in our society, mainly our youth, have to deal with the pressures of being talked about when it comes down to what race they are, how many freckles they have or their face, how short or tall they are, their size as well as various other things. Interpersonal relationships are considered to have a

These swabs were taken after three minutes of chewing gum and one hour of no food or drink in order to stimulate saliva. Ten minutes later, we asked the patients to perform these poses. Poses were determined by how wide of a stance was taken, and post-experiment we asked nineteen of forty-two low and high power stance participants if they experienced any pain, difficulty, or comfort/discomfort in their stance. Furthermore, since wanted to divert the patients’ attentions away from the poses themselves, we used electrocardiography electrodes. They were under the impression that the placement of the electrodes on the body affected data recording. After posing, participants were offered to make a bet. They were given the opportunity to play double or nothing with a two-dollar bet. After this, the spit swabs were then taken again seventeen minutes after power posing. Lastly, participants had to fill out an answer to an open-ended question regarding feeling of power.

Hypothesis 4: Games that emphasize positive affect (e.g., winning) over negative affect (e.g., avoiding losing) will appeal more to women than men.

Risky behavior by children and young adults can include violence against others or lack of remorse for consequences. The type of faulty thinking creates stressors in children which can lead to the onset of many symptoms. Children who partake in video game violence are more likely to have increased feelings of hostility, decreased emotional response to the portrayal of violence, and injury that lead to violent behavior through imitation. A new study employing state-of-the-art brain-scanning technology says that violent video games can cause an individual to become violent. Researchers at the Indiana University School of Medicine say that brain scans of kids who played a violent video game showed an increase in emotional arousal and a corresponding decrease of activity in brain areas involved in self-control, inhibition, and attention. In short, when playing a violent game, an individual’s brain processes the game playing as “fictional”, but later can project some of the unknown effects as violence or aggression.

“If we don’t fully understand our individual and collective roles in maintaining a system of white superiority, our relationships with people of color remains superficial, our ability to work in diverse workplaces is greatly diminished, and we fail to create a just world in which everyone has an equitable opportunity to contribute and thrive” (Kendall, 2013, p. 1). This paper discusses who I am as a cultural person and how I have come to be this way. The first section of this paper discusses my cultural background and my cultural identity. I address the factors that make up my cultural identity and the challenges that I have faced because of my cultural identity. The next section discusses my White racial identity development and the events in my life that have led me to become the person I am today in relation to my racial identity. The final section of this paper outlines the implications my own racial and cultural identity will have on my career as a clinical mental health counselor.