What is evil? What is suffering? Religions all over the world have been trying to answer these questions for centuries. This essay will examine their responses, and briefly look at the practical application of the Christian response to suffering.
The Christian view of evil and suffering is probably what most are familiar with. Christians believe that some suffering is because of evil, caused by sin and disobedience from God, and is entirely intentional, called ‘Moral suffering’. So how do Christians justify or explain suffering? While there are many theories, the most widely accepted, coined by Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, is that due to the fact we have free will, we have the potential to choose evil, and suffering is the result of that choice. However, suffering is not senseless, as shown in this verse from Romans: “More than
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Karma is a simple, but quite complex concept. Simply put, once you die, your Atman, or eternal self, goes into a new form. Depending on how virtuous or corrupt you were in your past life, you could be reborn as anything, from a king to an ant. Hindus believe that as such, any suffering you go through in this life, is punishment for something you did in your past lives, for example: If you murder someone in your past life, you’ll get cancer or be born into a poor family. As such, all suffering is deserved and nothing is truly unfair. Karma isn’t all bad, however, as if you live a virtuous life, you may be born into a wealthy family, or you may live a long, happy life in your next life. If you live a particularly pure and virtuous life, you may reach the state of enlightenment called moksha, where you become one with Brahman and are freed from the cycle of reincarnation. In short, Hinduism believes that there is no true evil, only people’s bad actions and suffering is the punishment for these bad actions. Now, all of these responses to evil are well and good in theory, but what about in
In other words, some people refer to evil as sin and suffering; others think of it as a separation from God while still more people personify it in the form of satan. My purpose here is not to discuss what form evil may take in an individual's life even though it may come up periodically. The central fact remains that evil, in one form or another, does exist and anyone not willing to believe in this reality quite frankly lives in a different dimension. Either that, or they simply live in a total state of denial! Keeping all this in mind, what I want to accomplish in this paper is to first explore the idea that evil is a relative term that exists within the context of each situation. Ah, yes! Even as I wrote that last sentence, I could see the wheels turning in your head. But not to worry. I will clarify soon. From this point, I will seek the wisdom of people who have tried to answer these tough questions proposed on the first page, come to some more conclusions through personal interviews and then end on a more personal note, using the help of my life experience as a Christian. This topic hits me hard at times. I often find myself in reflection, trying to formulate an answer to the evil that I see, and yes, the evil that I do. This evil will sometimes leave me feeling totally powerless and at its mercy. Yet I never give up hope for I know that just through the process of writing this paper, some new insights will be
Suffering is one of the mysteries of human existence. Redemptive suffering, suffering willingly offered up, can be of tremendous use; but the natural human reaction to suffering is not willing acceptance. On the contrary, the natural reaction is to avoid it as much as
John Hick argues in this writing that the all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good Christian god is compatible with an abundance of suffering. He offers solutions to the problem of suffering which relies heavily upon a tripartite foundation. Hick divides evil into two: Moral Evil = the evil that human being cause - either to themselves or to each other. And Non-Moral Evil = the evil that is not caused by human activity - natural disasters, etc. He tries to explain that a world without pain and suffering, moral traits such as courage, patience and sympathy would not be developed.
Christianity answers suffering by allowing Christians to understand why evil dominates and how resisting the temptations will end with forgiveness.
Many of the choices we make, using our free will, lead to suffering. We participate in risky behavior, without thinking of the consequences. For example, people that smoke have greater chances of developing health problem (e.g., cancer), which results in pain and suffering. This type of suffering is caused by our errors and mistakes. Many of the choice we make have consequences, but is it is impossible to live in a way in which we do not take risks. Furthermore, God's existence comes from intellect and not the sense, but suffering is felt through through our senses, whether it be external or internal pain. Suffering is adventitious and not
The issue of evil in the world raises questions with which everyone wrestles. Pain and suffering come into everyone’s life to some degree or another. Trying to find meaning and purpose in the midst of suffering, whether our own or someone else’s, is difficult regardless of what worldview one holds. How individuals and societies deal with this issue will have important implications for those individuals as well as to the whole of society.
“Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed slowly over a long period of time.” (World History Patterns of Interaction, 2005) Hinduism has been made up of so many different cultures and beliefs that unlike Christianity and Islam it is unable to be traced back. Hindus believe in karma and reincarnation. Karma is good and
The existence of pain and suffering in a world created by a good and almighty God is a fundamental theological dilemma and may be the most serious objection to the Christian religion. In the book, The Problem Of Pain , author C.S. Lewis addresses the issue of pain as a mere problem that demands a solution; he formulates it and goes about solving it. "If God were good, He would make His creatures perfectly happy, and if He were almighty He would be able to do what He wished. But the creatures are not happy. Therefore God lacks either goodness, or power, or both" (p. 16). According to Lewis, this is the problem of pain in its simplest form. In his attempt to solve the problem of pain Lewis evaluates the past and the origin of religion, he
2. Briefly, summarize the problem of evil and suffering. Cite and reference Chapter 9 in the textbook.
Is suffering meaningless? How can God allow suffering? Conversations on theodicy revolve around questions of the existence of evil. “All evil refers to suffering,” according to Emmanual Levinas. This paper examines the relationship between theodicy and suffering as presented in Levinas’ essay, “Useless Suffering,” and its impact on ethical responsibility. This paper will begin by exploring Levinas’ understanding of suffering and the uselessness of theodicy when it results in the explanation of suffering rather than relating to the Other. It will then move to explore the ethical responsibility one has to the Other, concluding by making the argument that theodicy must be understood in light of one’s ethical responsibility to the Other.
Does the problem of evil pose a challenge for theists and the existence of God? The problem of evil argues that there is so much suffering in the world that an all-good and all powerful God would not allow such suffering to exist. Therefore, a God with those characteristics does not exist. Unless the suffering is necessary for an adequate reason. Some people argue that suffering is necessary for there to be good and for us to able to understand what good is. In this paper, I will argue that suffering does not need to exist in order for good to exist, because the existence of good does not depend on suffering. I will then argue that good and suffering are not logical opposites. Finally, I will conclude that since evil is not justified, then the God that we defined does not exist.
Two central themes to understanding the human condition are suffering and morality. Humans contrive morality to be a set of values deemed right or wrong in a society, and are often defined by institutions. These guidelines shape the way people live and how they react to life’s circumstances. Suffering is one emotion crucial to the understanding of existence. In a time of pain, an individual often seeks direction from a higher power, like the church. Institutions such as religion are a way of expressing morality and a means to cope with suffering, a crucial understanding of the human condition.
Its impossible to reflect on the origins of evil without bringing up the concept of free will. God created man with this idea of choice; the choice to believe and obey, or the choice to disobey. It was this free will that allowed Adam and Eve to fall from their initial glory and introduce evil and suffering into the world. We can justify a large amount of sustained suffering by acknowledging that it actually benefits us and is not incompatible with God's loving nature. We learn lessons both physically and spiritually that allows us to grow and mature according to God. Some suffering is used to spark revival or for a great advancement in his kingdom, cause after all we're
There is one question that everyone asks but to which no one knows the answer: "Why do bad things happen to good people?" The misfortunes of good people raise problems not only for those who suffer, but also for everyone who wants to believe in a just and livable world and in a fair and compassionate God. Rabbi Kushner, author of "Why Do Bad Things Happen To Good People", attempts to bring light to this difficult question. In doing so he evaluates past attempts to explain suffering, offers his own approach to the justification of suffering in today's society, and makes suggestions for how one can deal with suffering and continue his or her journey into the future. This essay will examine these
The big question on probably more people’s minds than we think would have to be something in the sense of why does God allow bad things to happen to good people? Why does evil even exist in this world? God is all powerful and all-knowing and still allows evil in the world, why? I personally have always felt that bad things happen to good people because God knows that we as human beings are resilient. God feels that we can handle more than we feel that we can. When bad things occur and we prevail and overcome then we as human beings become stronger and even more resilient than we once thought we were or thought we could be. God gives you more than you can handle in hopes that you never lose faith in Him and give to Him to assist you and be there for you in your times of need and suffering. As I write this paper though, it makes me question why I think this way and if this way of thinking is correct. I wonder where this thought process of mine came from. Was this taught to me or just something that I learned through life experiences. I am not one that believes in being closed minded and therefore I attempt to keep an open mind to other individuals points of view and thought processes. Because of this, I feel as if I am capable of understanding other points of views and able to incorporate them in my thought processes as well. This includes understanding individuals who believe that there is no God at all and that this is why