Chronic Degenerative Disease: Multiple Sclerosis

Cognition, depression, anxiety and quality of life are interconnected and a very important focus area for the health and wellness of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS). By discovering the impact that cognitive impairment (CI), depression, and anxiety have on a PwMS’s quality of life, a health and wellness program can be created that best assists patients in these areas. In addition, discovering if various types of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have an impact on how patients experience CI, depression and anxiety is something to be aware of before creating a health and wellness program. The following articles explain how CI, depression, and anxiety can impact the overall health and wellness of PwMS.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an unpredictable, immune mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS) (Definition of MS). This disease is estimated to affect more than 400,000 people in the United States alone, and about 2.5 million worldwide. In the United States, about 200 new cases of MS are discovered weekly (Pietrangelo, Anne and Higuera, Valencia) . In a healthy person, an insulation covering called myelin, coats the nerve fibers in the CNS (Article from mom). When one develops MS, the communication between their brain and other parts of his/her body is disrupted as “an abnormal immune-mediated response” attacks the myelin coating that encloses nerve fibers in the CNS. This causes a disturbance in communication between the CNS and

There are many debilitating side effects and symptoms that accompany Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In MS, the immune system essentially fights itself and attacks its own body’s cells, causing progressive damage in the brain and spinal chord. Some key symptoms and side effects of the disease are vision problems, muscle weakness, and trouble walking or speaking. However, this is not it, There are many more side effects and symptoms that very between individuals. Some of the symptoms that haven't thoroughly been researched are the changes that occur in the brain of an MS patient, especially a pediatric MS patient. There are several existing hypothesis about Multiple Sclerosis’ debilitating effects in the brain, but no concrete research done on the

The central nervous system (CNS) comprises grey matter, which contains neuron cell bodies and white matter, which contains the nerve axons. Most of the nerve axons are concentrically wrapped around by lipid-rich biological membrane, known as the myelin sheath. In the CNS, myelin is produced by oligodendrocyte. a type of glial cell. (Pfeiffer et al., 1993). These electrical insulating, multilamellar membranes significantly increase the electrical resistance, in which to prevent leakage of electrical currents from the axons, as well as decrease electrical capacitance to reduce the ability of the axons to store electrical energy (Shivane &

In the world of neurology, there are a vast amount of neurological disorders, conditions, and diseases. One severe disease is known as Multiple Sclerosis. In this research essay, I will be discussing what multiple sclerosis is, symptoms, causes, personal experience, and treatments.

Secondary- progressive Multiple Sclerosis: it is a type of multiple sclerosis characterized by rare relapses and increased disability.

Subsequently, the rationale for application in practice is for health care professionals to provide education and treatment options to individuals and their families suffering from MS in an effort to lessen the uncertainty experienced (Smith & Liehr, 2013).

The MSFit clinic is a clinic that was started by a WSSU alumini for his mother. The clinic is based out of the Gateway YMCA and serves local Multiple Sclerosis patients. The clinic provides PT screnings, re-evaluations, interventions, and fitness recommendations. The clinic also allows Multiple Sclerosis sufferers the opportunity to use the YMCA at no cost to them. On the day of my clinic visit there was a mix of new patients and re-evaluations. Out of all the participants, the majority were females, aged 40-60.

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is connected to the spinal cord. The brain helps interpret information received from the spinal cord. Through the spinal cord signals are sent to the rest of body and back to the brain. Nerve cells (neurons) are found in the nervous system and they help communicate with other cells through electrical signals. Some of the nerve cells are coated with a myelin sheath. Myelinated neurons allow electrical signals to travel at a faster speed. When the myelinated part of the nerve cell is destroyed, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be the one to blame.

If you know anyone with Multiple Sclerosis or MS, you would know how terrible the disease is. Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which your immune system attacks the nerve cell covers in the brain and spine are damaged. The nerves in the body eventually deteriorate and it is fatal. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the cause of Multiple sclerosis is still unknown. There is not a cure at the moment for Multiple Sclerosis, but there are treatments that can speed recovery when attacked by the disease (Mayo Clinic). Scientists are under the impressions that there are a few factors that may come into play. They say that when they discover the exact cause of Multiple Sclerosis it will be easier to find a way to treat the disease or maybe even stop it from happening at all. (National Multiple Sclerosis Society)

Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder which is characterized by multiple areas of scarring to nerve fibers of the CNS. It often affects people between 20 to 40 years. Currently there are about 1.1 million people suffering from multiple sclerosis. Like most of the autoimmune diseases females are more affected than males in this disease. Multiple Sclerosis effects the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). The disease commences with a discrete attack known as CIS (clinically isolated syndrome), which may attack any area of the CNS but mostly attacks either the brain stem, optic nerve or spinal cord.

I chose to sit down with my friend Brittany and have a conversation about her experience living with multiple sclerosis and the impact it has had on her life. I opened the interview asking Brittany to describe her illness, and she explains multiple sclerosis is an auto-immune disease that affects her nervous system. In Brittany’s case, her immune system is attacking the myelin sheaths on her brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve, which causes lesions to develop. The lesions press on these delicate areas which result in debilitating physical and mental symptoms.

Normally, when a person is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis there is an immediate impact on all people who love them most. People with multiple sclerosis are constantly in need of assistance to do their daily tasks since their cognitive and functional impairments. This care is provided by informal caregivers who take care of the patient without being paid for their services. Eventually, the patient and carers are placed under immense strain and burden of the disease.

Unfortunately, the exact cause of multiple sclerosis is not known yet however, it is considered an autoimmune disease in which the immune system does not function properly and destroys myelin in the brain. Myelin is the white covering or insulator around the axons or nerve fibers and it is made of proteins and phospholipids. When this myelin is damaged it exposes nerve fibers and they become without the myelin that is supposed to protect it and covers it, this causes messages traveling along the nerve to be slowed, blocked, or damaged and this effects the movement of the patient. Additionally, it is unclear why some people get MS; the causes are unknown, however the factors of increasing the risk of developing the disease could be from mainly

Using a Self-efficacy Based Model to Explore the Applicability of the Self-efficacy Theory in Long-term Degenerative Neurological Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)