Chronic Kidney Disease ( Ckd ) Essay

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide problem that is currently three times higher for African Americans, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, American Indians and seniors (The National Kidney Foundation, 2013). CKD occurs when the kidneys are damaged by a pathogen or injury and they can no longer adequately maintain proper levels of regulated chemicals in the bloodstream. There are many risk associated with CKD. According to the National Kidney Foundation, two of the major risks are Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and Cardiovascular Disease. Currently twenty million American adults have CKD and millions of others are at increased risk. Age has no barrier on getting CKD. People with pre-existing health issues, and a part of certain population

Diabetes is a lifelong disease that can affect both children and adults. This disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. It claims about 178,000 lives each year. Type one diabetes, also known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, usually occurs in people less than thirty years of age, but it also may appear at any age. Diabetes is a very serious disease with many life threatening consequences, but if it is taken care of properly, diabetics can live a normal life.

Educating the patients about medications side effects is important as most patients are noncompliant due to side effects. Teaching patients to monitor blood pressure and heart rate using the return demonstration is important when taking the medications and the need to call the primary care physician for

Underdiaxonsied and undertreated it is a major concern for the aging population of the United States. One of the first steps is educating the public on early detection techniques and risk factor for developing CKD. High blood pressure and diabetes is a major contributor in developing the disease and thus high risk factor groups should be identified early. This way the individuals can begin implementing lifestyle changes that can not only decrease the rate of kidney function decline but improve it as well. Management of the disease focus on the major complications. Anemia, dyslipidemia, CKD-MBD, nutrition and cardiovascular are the forefront of the disease management. Management with not only medications, but lifestyle changes creates a holistic care plan specialized to each individual patient. By treating not CKD but the individual patient, outcomes will improve. Implementing the health care team as a whole will unify the strengths in modern medicine and thus relieve a huge financial burden that chronic kidney disease yields at a national and local

He stated that because of his illness he lost his home and his family, even the dog, and some of his belongings that were in a storage facility. The city and the police harassed him because he had no place to go; he was homeless. He reported that he was depressed.

When initiated and implemented in the workplace, it aids healthcare professionals to function effectively to understand the needs of diverse patients and treat them efficiently. (National Institute of Health, 2015) To provide the best overall healthcare to a patient, the patient needs to understand and be familiarized with the information provided to them. According to the article, Communication in Pharmacy Practice, one way to ensure patients understand the information given to them by their healthcare professional is by keeping communication short, simple and specific. (MacLeod- Glover, 2006) It is important for the pharmacist to avoid unnecessary complexity.

By aiming to ensure that they can correlate and understand their treatment regimen, can recognize signs and symptoms and understand their treatment regimen, and understand the importance and significance of any changes and the appropriate action to be taken. reinforces the importance of patient education, stating the importance of early sign and symptom recognition and knowing when to report any changes, for example a weight gain of 2-3 pounds overnight or 5 lbs in a week, changes in activity tolerance, onset of an acute illness, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea or orthopnoea. She also notes the importance of patients being able to recognize and to avoid situations or behaviors that may lead to acute elevations in blood pressure and ischemia, which will prevent unnecessary exacerbations. Education about medication effects must be repeated and reinforced. Risk factor management must also be maintained, that is, abstinence from smoking, maintaining a normal weight, healthy eating and healthy emotional coping strategies.

Mr. Newman is a 49 year old male who has hematuria, fever and severe flank pain. He also has bilateral lumbar tenderness, bilateral renal enlargement, liver enlargement, ankle and facial edema, skin pallor, and lung sounds suggest pulmonary edema.

Chronic kidney disease is a growing problem with increasing numbers of patients being diagnosed and those beginning dialysis or the transplant process. “Currently, 26 million Americans have CKD…and 111,000 patients were newly diagnosed with end-stage renal disease in 1 year” (Castner, 2010, p. 26). Chronic kidney disease develops over years and can be considered a silent disease because many patients with this disease are diagnosed while being tested for another condition. Signs and symptoms of the disease are dependent on the cause,

The Joint Commission also mandates that patients receive education at a level appropriate to their degree of understanding. A clear and effective communication is a cornerstone of patient safety. Yin et al (2010) found that prescription drug counselling using a plain language pictogram intervention, resulted in fewer medication-dosage errors and greater adherence versus standard medication counselling. ‘Teach-back’ technique or ‘show-me’ method is one of the simplest ways to bridge the communication gap between nurse and patient. It is utilized to help nurses to verify the patient understanding of new knowledge and

Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disorder defined by the loss of renal function. The primary causes are hypertension and diabetes mellitus, but CKD may also be the result of lupus, chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis,

Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury is described to be a rapid loss of

High blood pressure which is called hypertension is another common disease which can cause chronic renal failure. This

Hemodialysis (HD) is one of several renal replacement therapies used for the treatment of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and kidney failure. Dialysis removes excess fluids and waste products and restores chemical and electrolyte balance. HD involves passing the patient’s blood through an artificial semipermeable membrane to perform the filtering and excretion functions of the kidney. One important step before starting regular hemodialysis sessions is preparing the vascular access; ideally, a vascular access should be placed weeks or months before you start dialysis. The

Glomerulonephritis (GN), or the inflammation of glomeruli, is a leading cause of renal failure worldwide. Inflammation is characterized by vascular fragility, infiltration of leukocytes, and edema. Glomerular disease may manifest by three major syndromes: nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). Nephritic syndrome consists of sudden onset of hematuria, non-nephrotic range proteinuria (1.5 g/24 h), active sediment with red blood cell (RBC) casts or dysmorphic RBCs, acute renal failure, and hypertension. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by heavy proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 h), edema, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia. RPGN is characterized by active sediment (RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs) and rapid development of acute renal failure usually over a period of weeks to months. Glomerulonephritis accounts for the majority of progressive renal disease in many parts of the world.