Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study

This is a case study on a 76 year old man.Mr Alan Chari(pseudonym used to protect the identity of a patient),was admitted over night in my department.He is a divorcee who stays with son.He is a retired teacher and his son is permanently employed by a local company as an electrician.He is independent with activities of daily livings but is occasionally limited by his ill health.He used to be a heavy smoker .After realising the burden COPD has on general New Zealand population ,affecting about15% of the adult population over the age of 45 years according to asthmanz( 2010) ,l took this case study to gain in-depth understanding.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease also known as COPD, is one of the third leading cause of death in the United States (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [NHLBI], 2013a). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2015) approximately 15 million Americans are affected by COPD, with a morbidity rate of 6.8 million. Data from the CDC from 2011 states that 6.3% of the U.S population suffer from this disease; Florida has the COPD prevalence rate of 7.1% with the highest percentage going to Kentucky with a rate 9.3% as summarized by the COPD foundation (2015). CDC calculated the cost of having COPD as $32.1 billion in 2010 and they expect it to rise to $49 billion by 2020, all for a disease that could be prevented. Additionally CDC has stated the mortality rate has decreased in men in the United States from 57.0 per 100,000 to 47.6 per 100,000 from 1999 to 2010. However, regarding the rate for women, there has not been much change during the same time period. The rate shifted from 35.3 per 100,000 to 36.4 per 100,000 (CDC, 2014).

R.W. appears with progressive difficulty getting his breath while doing simple tasks, and also having difficulty doing any manual work, complains of a cough, fatigue, and weight loss, and has been treated for three respiratory infections a year for the past 3 years. On physical examination, CNP notice clubbing of his fingers, use accessory muscles for respiration, wheezing in the lungs, and hyperresonance on percussion of the lungs, and also pulmonary function studies show an FEV1 of 58%. These all symptoms and history represented here most strongly indicate the probability of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a respiratory disease categorized by chronic airway inflammation, a decrease in lung function over time, and gradual damage in quality of life (Booker, 2014).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, or COPD, is a relatively common chronic illness that is treatable, however there is currently has no cure. COPD is an illness that encompasses two major illnesses these illnesses are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Both of these illnesses wreak havoc on the lungs of the affected person by causing mucus to build up in the bronchioles henceforth reducing the effectiveness of the alveoli which impairs gas exchange. According to the American Lung Association, “COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States. More than 11 million people have been diagnosed with COPD, but an estimated 24 million may have the disease without even knowing it” (American Lung Association [ALA], n.d.). As this data from the American Lung Association shows, in the United States alone we may have a total of 35 million people (almost one tenth of the American population) living with COPD. QSEN, which stands for Quality and Safety Education for Nurses, has developed six competencies related to nursing care. These competencies are Patient-Centered Care, Teamwork and Collaboration, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Safety, and Informatics. These aforementioned QSEN competencies break down how nurses should be treating patients and working with the health care team.

History of Present Illness: Mr. Magnuson is a very pleasant 77-year-old gentleman who was previously seen in this office by Elvira Aguila, MD for COPD and hypoxic respiratory failure. He is here today for routine followed up. He was last evaluated in January 2015. Since that time, he states that his dyspnea is worse. He feels that it is related to the weather. He does state that he works around the house, although he does have significant functional limitations because of shortness of breath. His wife also confirms that he is able to do less and less. He has a stable, minimal cough. He is using 4L of oxygen at night as well as, as needed throughout the day. He continues to smoke three to four cigarettes on

How would you describe the pathophysiology of COPD and comorbid heart failure to Charlie, considering that he has no medical knowledge/background?

During the second week of my clinical rotation, I had the privilege of being with the respiratory department, as a result of that my research of the Continuity of Care topic will be based on the topic of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). COPD patients are usually readmitted due to acute exacerbations also known as (AECOPD). (Laverty et al., 2015). In this paper, we explore the COPD discharge care bundles which have been developed by different authors. The care bundle consists of a short list of certain evidence-based practices to be utilized or implemented before discharge for all patients who have been admitted with COPD, based on reviewing national guidelines, evidenced based practices, expert opinion, other relevant literature, peer-reviewed journals and patient consultation. (Hopkinson et al., 2012).

The effectiveness of Family Support Caregiver in improving the Functional Status of Client with Pulmonary Diseases.

In mild cases a person might not show symptoms of COPD. Symptoms do increase as the disease progresses. The main symptom that show in most people include respiratory related problems. Shortness of breath is common because of all the mucus in the lungs. Wheezing can be caused

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is progressively common amongst patients within the United States. The disease is more common in patients with a long smoking history. Inflammatory changes are largely responsible for the development and symptoms of COPD. COPD is typically managed according to classification of severity based on the GOLD guidelines. Anoro Ellipta is a new once daily FDA approved drug. It is a combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting b2-agonist that should be considered in the management of COPD. Efficacy studies have proved Anoro Eliipta in preventing COPD exacerbations and show it is well tolerated amongst patients.

All over the world, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very significant and prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality, and it is increasing with time (Hurd, 2000; Pauwels, 2000; Petty, 2000). Due to the factor of COPD being an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease, the epidemiology (Pauwels, Rabe, 2004) is about 60 to 85 % with mild or moderate COPD remaining undiagnosed (Miravitlles et al., 2009; Hvidsten et al., 2010).

phrase used to describe respiratory diseases characterized by airway obstruction. COPD is now a well-known and serious chronic disease, killing many and affecting a mass number of people per year. COPD is a result in restricted (obstructed) airflow in the lungs. Obstructive diseases include bronchitis, in which inflammation causes chronic bronchial secretions and narrowing of the bronchi and emphysema a permanent destructive enlargement of the airspaces within the lung.

second-hand smoking is also important in the treatment plan. Wearing a cold-weather mask can prevent dyspnea and bronchospasm that are caused by cold air and wind exposure (Grossman & Porth, 2014). Other factors that are significant in helping COPD patients are described below.

“Teaching patients about promoting, maintaining, and restoring their health is a required nursing skill that most often results in a positive outcome, enhancing the patient 's quality of life” (Lewis et al., 2014, p.52). The intent of this analysis is to educate patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on means that can enhance their quality of life and avert the progression of their disease. More specifically, it will focus on the aspect of teaching Mrs. N, a patient, how to effectively handle certain symptoms experienced with techniques like pursed-lip breathing and also, to upsurge the client’s awareness on preventative measures to abate the possibility of acute exacerbations. Mrs. N is a 100-years-old woman of Canadian and Arabic background. In mid-September, she was rushed to the hospital after experiencing worsening dyspnea and a fever. The doctors deduced a diagnosis of pneumonia and therefore, she was transferred to the medical unit at the Lakeshore hospital in order to be treated with intravenous antibiotics. Mrs. N has a past medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, anemia, deep vein thrombosis and mixed dementia. Mrs. N is a retired widow with two daughters, who come and visit her on a daily basis at the hospital and encourage her to mobilize and eat because she has an extremely poor appetite on most days. She’s well cared for by a team of care workers in the nursing home where she lives and her daughters and

Some of the laboratory testing used to identify COPD are arterial blood gas and increased hematocrit levels. Arterial blood gas testing will reveals hypoxemia and hypercarbia due to the retention