Chronic Pain Research Paper

Pain can be acute or chronic. Acute pain is intense, short in duration and generally a reaction to trauma. Chronic pain does not go away, and can range from a dull ache to excruciating agony. Terminal and non-terminal illnesses can both be causes of chronic pain. Tissue damage is not always found in chronic pain, but those who suffer from it are rendered "nonfunctional by incapacitating pain," (Murphy, 1981).

Traditionally, doctors prescribed opioid treatments for pain-related medical conditions. Chronic pain in particular is difficult to treat. While the search for a cure is underway, the best most patients can hope for is effective management of their condition.

As a Northwestern University professor of Anesthesiology, Honorio T. Benzon, defines chronic pain is “a demoralizing state that confronts individuals not only with the distress created by the symptoms but also with many other ongoing difficulties that compromise all aspects of their lives” (Benzon). Therefore, chronic pain is rooted in a variety of neurologic functions, integrated from the brain that affects the individual internally and externally. According to David B. Reuben MD, a professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine,

Acute pain is a strong pain that does not last longer than three months. According to Bryant and Knights (2015), an acute pain gives an extreme feeling soreness associated with injury, surgery and diseases. However, the treatment can reduce the pain in a short period of time. The untreated acute pain may develop to a chronic pain and neuropathic pain. Due to the high level of pain in acute pain, the use of analgesic drugs such as opioid is necessary to control the pain. Filizola and Devi (2012) claim that as opioid drugs like morphine and codeine are highly potent analgesics. However, there are several side effects that influence the medical efficiency of the drugs. Furthermore, as an agonist analgesics, morphine relies on the Opioid Receptors

Murray J. McAllister created this website because he had concerns for how chronic pain was being understood and managed in the current healthcare system. There is no uniform or consistency in how chronic pain is being treated among healthcare providers. Many providers also correlate chronic pain to a previous orthopedic injury and not from a nervous system related condition. This poses many concerns

Chronic pain describes pain that persists over long periods of time. It handicaps the normal lifestyle and quality of one’s life (http://www.asri.edu/neuro/brochure/pain1.htm).

Chronic pain can make it hard for you to do daily activities. If not treated, chronic pain can lead to other health problems, including anxiety and depression. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of your pain. You may need to work with a pain specialist to come up with a treatment plan. The plan may include medicine, counseling, and physical therapy. Many people benefit from a combination of two or more types of treatment to control

Most medical treatment for chronic pain includes from pharmaceutical treatments for pain management, which can range from over-the-counter medicines like aspirin to prescription drugs. The problem with chronic pain management treatments that involve drugs is that they lose their effectiveness. Worse they actually can create more chronic or that can add to the chronic pain cycle.

Chronic pain is complex bio-psychosocial phenomenon. It is a diseases and long term chronic condition that is complex and unrelated to any specific injury or tissue trauma.((())). However, it might also be an exacerbation of symptoms related to some other medical conditions. There are several dimension of pain hence, it is very important for a nurse to classify types of pain to conduct assessments and treatments. The common type of pain include nociceptive and neuropathic pain. Mr. John is experiencing spinal stenosis which is a type of neuropathic pain and reason for his numbness on both feet. On the other hand, he is also experiencing chronic back pain due to degeneration of left hip, which can be classified as nociceptive pain. Besides that,

Mr. B is experiencing several types of pain during the postoperative period. He is experiencing acute pain from the healing process of his surgery. This is from tissue damage from the surgical procedure. Although the reported pain level is ten on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) score is seven. Mr. B may also be experiencing chronic pain prior from the surgery. The date noted from onset of pain is unknown in the case study but he has a history of degenerative disk disease could be a cause of chronic pain.

Many people in America today suffer from excruciating pain. This pain can be chronic, debilitating, and very frustrating to treat. Pain can derail a person’s life in many ways that make it hard to deal with simple daily tasks. It can easily get in the way of doing one’s job, or taking care of your family. Sometimes a pain management doctor can be sought out to help deal with back, neck, shoulder, and joint pain. Getting the relief you need takes time and effort. Pain is never a one-size-fits-all solution unfortunately. There are other ways to take care of pain within the body other than turning to heavy medications, surgery, or invasive injections.

The classification of chronic pain include three wide classes: first one is pain due to tissue disease or damage (nociceptive pain, such as osteoarthritis), second is pain caused by abnormality in somatosensory system (neuropathic pain, such as diabetic neuropathy), and the last one is eistance of both of nociceptive and neuropathic pain (mixed pain, such as chronic radicular back pain) (Baron et al.

Chronic pain is defined as a pain that doesn’t go away for a long time. The pain can last for weeks, more than 3 months, years, and might make someone feel hopeless. Chronic pain does not relief with regular pain medication. It is important to address chronic pain because is physically and psychologically stressful. Its persistent discomfort can lead to irritation and frustration with the person’s self and with other people. Pain affects not only mental health but interfere also with someone’s sleep pattern.

Pain is a basic mechanism in life that helps the body identify that something is wrong or dangerous. Without pain, the body would be severely damaged without realizing it. Pain can become an inconvenience when it spirals out of control; chronic pain, for example, leaves many miserable and unable to enjoy life to its fullest extent even with traditional medical intervention. Around 80% of people report chronic pain in their lifetime (Holtzman & Beggs, 2013). People afflicted by chronic back pain turn to modern medicine for relief, but even these alternatives are not always 100% effective.

2011. MCGREEVY K. Preventing chronic pain following acute pain - risk factors, preventive strategies and their efficacy – OIRD