Chronic Periodontal Disease

     Periodontal disease is more commonly known as gum disease or gingivitis. This infection is serious enough, that it can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. This chronic infection starts around the tooth and it affects the supporting bone and gums. Periodontal disease can affect anywhere from one tooth to all thirty-two teeth. The disease pathology starts with the plaque that builds up on your teeth everyday.

As stated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Each year, more than 30,000 new cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are diagnosed and over 8,000 deaths due to oral cancer occur.” (CDC). Most adults are unaware that they have periodontal disease or gum disease, this occurs because they do not maintain routine checkups with their dentist. When we insert food and other bacteria into our mouths, it affects our teeth and gums. We need routine dental checkups and cleanings throughout our lives. Dental checkups usually involve x-rays, cleanings, and the examination of the mouth.

Gum disease starts with bacteria invading the mouth. It can eventually result in tooth loss because of the receding tissue that surrounds the teeth and loosens the teeth. Serious gum disease is preceded by gingivitis, which can be identified by inflamed and bleeding gums. It is important to know that gingivitis can be reversed and can heal completely by keeping up with brushing and flossing.

These diseases include: respiratory disease, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke and rheumatoid arthritis. The bacteria that can cause periodontitis can enter the bloodstream through gum tissue, which can possibly affect the heart, lungs and other major organs in the body.

Mild gum disease is known as gingivitis; untreated gum disease can lead to periodontitis, putting you in danger of losing your teeth and other complications.

Bacterial plaque that forms on your teeth and around your gums is the culprit that causes periodontal disease. When plaque accumulates on your teeth and around your gums, they soon become inflamed, swollen, and bleed

The earliest phase of gum disease, medically known as periodontal disease, involves irritation and inflammation that cause redness, puffiness and bleeding. This condition is medically known as gingivitis.

Gum diseases (sometimes called PERIODONTAL or GINGIVAL DISEASES) are infections that harm the gum and bone that hold teeth in place. When plaque stays on your teeth too long, it forms a hard, harmful covering, called TARTAR, that brushing doesn't clean. The longer the plaque and tartar stay on your teeth, the more damage they cause. This is called GINGIVITIS. If gingivitis is not treated, over time it can make your gums pull away from your teeth and form pockets that can get infected. This is called PERIODONTITIS. If not treated, this infection can ruin the bones, gums, and tissue that support your teeth. In time, it can cause loose teeth that your dentist may have to remove.

As if gingivitis alone did not cause enough problems, a serious gum disorder called periodontal disease develops deep within the gums. Capable of destroying the jawbone, periodontitis is a serious gum infection and disease. Left untreated it develops into chronic periodontitis.

Gum disease, a condition that involves the gums becoming swollen, sore and in some cases infected, happens to be an extremely common condition. It’s estimated to affect more than half of the adult population in the UK alone whether it’s mild or severe. In fact, the vast majority of people suffer from it at least once a month if not more however, it’s much less common in children. If you suffer from gum disease yourself, you may find that your gums bleed when you brush them and you may even suffer from bad breath. This initial stage of gum disease is known as gingivitis. If gingivitis isn’t treated accordingly then it can lead on to periodontitis or periodontal disease, as it’s also known. This can affect the gum and supporting

Chronic periodontitis has been identified as the most prevalent form of periodontitis affecting the adults and occasionally the adolescents and children.(Merin, 2015) This periodontal disease of inflammatory origin is thought to be the result of host immune response against bacterial colonies in the subgingival plaque.(Merin, 2015) In many cases, systemic and environmental factors play a significant role in the disease progression. Common risk factors such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and smoking, contribute to periodontal destruction in genetically susceptible individuals by modifying the host’s immune reactions towards periodontal pathogens. Clinically, the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis is made based on the presence of supragingival and subgingival plaque and calculus, signs of gingival inflammation, periodontal attachment loss and radiographic bone loss. Chronic periodontitis can be further classified based on the extent and severity of periodontal destruction. Localised chronic periodontitis is diagnosed when less than 30% of the sites are affected; whereas the generalised form of the disease affects more than 30% of the sites. The severity of the disease is determined by the amount of clinical attachment loss. It is classified as mild, moderate or severe when 1-2mm, 3-4mm or 5mm or more attachment loss is recorded respectively. (Merin, 2015)

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease that affects the soft and hard structures that support the teeth (Periodontal disease fact sheet, n.d.). When bleeding upon probing and gingiva inflammation occurs, periodontal disease is classified as gingivitis. When bone loss, attachment loss and deep pocking greater than 5 mm occurs, then periodontal disease is classified as periodontitis. This periodontal disease is highly prevalent in US population and has become major public health concern in the United States.

You may know that plaque and gum disease can cause much destruction inside the mouth. Once you develop gingivitis and periodontitis, you begin to lose gum tissue and bone. Ultimately, you could lose all of your teeth if the issue is not treated. This is not a condition to take lightly at any level.

Periodontal is a Skeletal System disease in addition, a gum disease that affects the bones that support your carnassial or dental region. Losing your teeth is one of the most repulsive influences that Periodontal could have on the health of your teeth. Periodontal is a gum disease that occurs when bacteria has rooted under the gums from being piled on the teeth for too long. This stage where germs are mounted upon the gums cause them to susceptible from the teeth, allowing space in between the teeth and gums for plaque is called gingivitis. Swollen, tender, red and/or bleeding gums are early indications or symptoms of gum disease.

Lastly the most severe dental disease that comes with not practicing good oral hygiene is periodontal disease. If it is left to itself and not treated, it will lead to tooth loss. In order to fix periodontal disease, a hygienist needs to place a probe in the gap of your gums and insert fake gums to keep bacteria from going in the hole. There are many factors that cause periodontal disease, but the main cause is bacteria. Without proper home care, your chances of getting it increase. The other factors vary and can affect the health of your gums. The most severe case of not having good oral hygiene is periodontal disease, and it is very painful.