Circadian Biology : The Complexities Of Keeping Time

14. Evolutionary theories often emphasize that humans have adapted to their physical environment. One such theory hypothesizes that people should spontaneously follow a 24-hour cycle of sleeping and waking—even if they are not exposed to the usual pattern of sunlight. To test this notion, eight paid volunteers were placed (individually) in a room in which there was no light from the outside and no clocks or other indications of time. They could turn the lights on and off as they wished. After a month in the room, each individual tended to develop a steady cycle. Their cycles at the end of the study were as follows: 25, 27, 25, 23,24, 25, 26, and 25.

You may choose to respond to this assignment yourself or interview another person. We often hear people commenting that their “biological” or “social clock” is ticking. What are the settings on your social clock? At what age do (did) you expect to be married? Have children? If you do (did) not marry by this time, what would you do? If you were told that you could not have children, what would you do? How would the absence of a spouse and/or children impact your plans for the future?

Circadian rhythms occur every 24 hours; an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-waking cycle. We are diurnal animals who are active during the daytime and asleep at night, other animals are nocturnal they are active at night but asleep during the day. The circadian rhythm depends on the interaction of physiological and psychological processes to be tuned into the sleep-waking cycle so energy is provided when needed. As diurnal humans we have a fairly stable sleep pattern with the time we go to sleep and the time we wake up, this consistency suggests an internal mechanism controls sleep, endogenous pacemaker. However, this can be overridden by external factors, exogenous zeitgebers.

Circadian rhythms disorders is simply a disruption in one’s circadian rhythms which is a name given for one’s internal body clock that regulates ones 24 hour cycle of biological processes. There are patterns of brain wave activity, hormone production, cell regeneration and other biological things that go along with ones 24 hour cycle.()

Circadian rhythm disorder is related with people's biological clock. It means you people find difficulty falling asleep or often keep awake at the sleep time. Actually, you have some problems about sleep disorder.

Circadian dysrhythmia, also known as jet lag, is a disruption in the body’s cycle due to traveling (Prentice, 2015). When traveling one or more time zones, the human body can be affected in many different ways. For example, jet lag can cause people to be more fatigued during the day, have decreased motivation, a loss of appetite, a feeling of disorientation, impaired physical and mental performance, a lack of concentration, and an altered sleep schedule (Kolling, Ferrauti, Pfeifer, Meyer, and Kelllmann, 2016). These can be game changing problems in athletics because teams are constantly traveling back and forth. Athletic trainers can work with athletes to treat and prevent these circadian dysrhythmia signs and symptoms.

People with irregular job hours or who function something other than day hours have been shown to have a damaging impact on health and wellness in some studies. This study specifically carried out at the University of Pittsburgh reveals that waking up late may be bad for health and wellness. Social jetlag is a mismatch in between a person's socially-imposed rest timetable and also their natural circadian rhythm. Scientists said social jetlag

Circadian Rhythm works as an internal clock in both plants and animals, it works due to clock genes. Clock gene are activators and/or repressors that set up a behavior that helps determine leaf movements in plants. Transcriptional activators are proteins that increases transcription of a gene, while a repressor are a type of protein that binds to the DNA strand and blocks a gene from being expressed. The clock genes in plants instructs them to move in a certain direction, depending on where the sun is located. They perform this way in order to receive the maximum amount of energy from the sun as possible. The circadian clock in humans differs from that in plants, as clock genes in humans instructs the body on when to wake up, sleep, eat, use

The cycle is controlled by the circadian clock. The circadian clock is controlled by coronial signals within the brain in order to control many functions related to circadian rhythms. Understanding what controls circadian rhythms helps researchers identify and develop treatments for humans and animals who may exhibit dysfunction in maintain a normal daily

Chronotype (CT) is part of the circadian routine and it is defined as an individual’s inclination in rise and sleep timing (Horne & Ostberg, 1977). Chronotypes comprise three different groups; morning, intermediate, and evening group (Adal et al, 2012). Specifically, the early group rise and sleep early, while individuals who belong to the evening group rise and sleep later than the morning group, whereas the intermediate group does not follow a specific pattern (Adal et al, 2012). Interestingly, around 40% of the individuals belong to one of the two poles, morning or evening group (Adal et al,

Circadian rhythm is our very own biological clock that has regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle. This “clock” is what controls our sleep cycle, along with body temperature and wakefulness. The bodily clock does a good job, but sleep isn’t perfect. There are many sleep disorders that can turn out peaceful night of sleep into a nightmare, and not like a dream kind of nightmare. The most prevalent one of these is insomnia, or the persistent problems in falling or staying asleep, with 1 in 10 adults having some sort of the disorder. There is also narcolepsy, or sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness, sleep apnea, or the sudden lack of breathing during sleeping, causing the victims to awaken, and night terrors, or a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified (Myers,

Circadian rhythm refers to the twenty-four-hour cycle that results in physical, mental and behavioral changes in living things. Animals and plants respond differently to the lightness and darkness depending on the circadian rhythm or the internal biological clock. The body clock works responsibly in making sure that the pattern of mental alertness of a person is enhanced. A DNA molecule is transmitted to pass the message for opening up of the RNA, and the mRNA is transformed into a protein which takes some time for the DNA to be turned into a molecule. The time of conversion is determined and kept by the body’s biological clock (Alice, 2012). If the clock fails to work the level of alertness can be affected, and this can make a person to cause traffic accidents or even cause injuries at the place of work. Also, some people can suffer from chronic diseases if the biological clock is altered with.

The circadian rhythm, known as the sleep/wake cycle, is influenced – but not dependent – on the light being received by the suprachiasmatic nuclei. To consider the circadian cycle’s influence

Circadian clocks are important to our bodies, most importantly for our sleep patterns. Everyone has their own outlooks on time change, but I like when time springs backwards. Even though the day goes by slower I still get an extra hour of sleep at night. I only like springing forward because the day ends quicker. For example, I feel like I am always sleep deprived. I work at Walmart, so I’m always getting off late at 10 P.M. By the time I get home, I take a shower, then study for 30 minutes to a 1 hour. By the time I’m done studying some nights I don’t always fall asleep very easily. Then there is some nights I don’t get the chance to study because, when I get home from work I sometimes have to be up early again at 7 A.M to work an 8 hour

This paper is concerned about circadian rhythms and metabolic health, which can be affected by the timing of food intake. Also, the paper is concerned about the affect it has on mice when consuming a large meal before breakfast, and smaller meal for dinner compared to mice who only consumed breakfast. This paper suggests that during inactive period, the consumption of high-fat foods results in weight gain. What they are now concerned about is the timing, and size of the meal being consumed to show if this has an effect on mice.