Classical Archaeology Research Paper

The evolution of Greek art has expanded over hundreds of years and has contributed to many artistic developments, especially in sculpture. The depiction of the human figure has drastically changed overtime from an undeveloped form to a more detailed rendering. This transformation can be seen from Early Bronze Age figurine models to Ancient Hellenistic sculptures. Examples of early figurines are small with disproportionate and unusual bodies while much later sculptures are large scale showing the importance of corrected bodily proportions. Tiny figures generally had the same poses lacking facial and body definition details while later sculptures have exquisite, clear facial features, and deeply chiseled bodies. The developments of sculptors

Throughout the history of art, the human body and figure has captivated both artisans and their audiences. This can be said especially of the Greeks and their sculptures. Even from the earliest periods, Greeks motivation for the search of the ideal human body can be seen through the sculpture Metropolitan Kouros (c 120-50 BCE), created in the Archaic period and said to be found in Attica, Ancient Greece (Richter 1931, p. 220). However, it is not until High Classical period that they truly achieve their goal with Polykleitos’ The Spear Bearer (c. 120-50 BCE) or the Doryphoros (its Greek name). The sculpture, found in a Palestra in Pompeii, Italy is said to be the epitome of perfection during its period. Although there is exquisite rendering and beauty in both sculptures, there are also a vast number of differences that make each work unique.

Ancient civilizations have had profound effects of what we know as the modern world today. The primary purpose for anything that lives is to survive. Throughout history animals, plants and humans have adapted to their surroundings. All living things have changed throughout time. The thing that differs humans from rest is, humans are more cognitively advanced. Over the course of time the shape and size of the human skull has changed. The size of the human brain has increased, which has allowed humans to adapt more to their surroundings. To survive, humans were making tools for hunting and to cut with. The closer you lived to the equator the darker your skin may have been, so you could adapt to the intensity of the sun’s rays. If you lived further

The comeback story of Rome is truly one to admire. From the barbaric invasions to the economic downfall, Rome was genuinely set to fail. Yet, Rome came back from this, and lasted for a thousand years before officially coming to an end. In order for American to sustain its success, officials must take into account the mistakes made by the Romans. This will ensure success for America for the next several years. It’s important to not only learn from mistakes of the past, but to also apply them to one’s modern day life.

Finding an arrowhead is a dream every child has held at one time or another. The ones who hold that dream the longest become archaeologists. Studying the lithic material from a site can seem tedious and dull, but the information that can be gleaned from it is invaluable. The type of lithic material can provide insight into the lifestyle, tool production, trading habits, and a possible time period of habitation. We aimed to discover some of this information from the items recovered during the two weeks of excavation at the East Carolina University Summer Ventures Archaeological Field Methods class.

The ancient Romans had a great civilization and flourished for a long time. They grew a mass amount of healthy crops, were safe from attacks, and traded with other civilizations. But how was all of this possible? The mountains of Rome, Tiber river, and the Mediterranean Sea were all key in ancient Rome. Without these landforms, the ancient Romans couldn’t have survived the harsh life of the ancient civilizations.

The Laocoon is a magnificent piece with a lot of mystery. A lot of people have speculated as to the creator and period of the foundation. A few questions I will answer during this discussion pertains to whether I believe this piece is a Greek, Hellenistic, or Roman original. Was Michelangelo the creator? I have expressed my opinions along with some supporting evidence as to my beliefs.

The Paleolithic Era consists of hunter-gather societies. Living a nomadic lifestyle, the Paleolithic people followed their PREY and used resources provided by the land. AS A RESULT, THEY WERE ALWAYS MOVING SINCE they hunted mammoths, bison, deer, and rodents and gathered roots and berries. The earliest humans used very rudimentary and basic tools for tasks like cracking open bones and preparing animal hide. These tools were later improved on to help provide protection, food, and clothing. By the end of the Paleolithic Era, the hominids made weapons for hunting and food preparation, such as spears and the bow and arrow, out of bone and were creating more advanced stone and wood structures. There is also evidence of fishing. The development of tools helped hominids adapt to different

Doryphoros by Polykleitos was originally a Greek bronze made around 450-40B.C. The only way we can see it today is through the Roman marble copies (which is common of many Greek statues.) Some supports had to be added for the change in material, resulting in the addition of the form resembling a tree trunk, the support on the left foot, and the small bar bridging the gap between his right wrist and hip. Doryphoros was originally holding a spear in his left hand; appropriate, given that his name means, literally, “spear-bearer.” The sculpture is a well-known and early example of classical Greek contrapposto (the shifting of weight onto one leg and off-axis shoulders and arms.) One leg nearly appears to be lifting off the ground, giving the

I want to start off by discussing when and where Paleolithic cave paintings originated. During the Paleolithic Era that lasted from 30,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE, the first achievements in human creativity happened. Paleolithic cave paintings demonstrate civilizations early ability to talk to each other and their interpretations of their surroundings. Lascaux Cave is one location where these cave drawings were discovered. The cave is located in Lascaux, France. It has nearly 2,000 drawings that can be divided into three different types: people, geometric signs and animals. Drawings of humans were very rare and when they were compared to the more detailed and life-like images of animals, the human figures seemed meek. When it comes to the animal

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World inspired awe and fascination during their time. There are seven wonders of the ancient world. The list was made by Antipater of Sidon. The list was made because of many reasons. Size, how it was made or the beauty of it. The only wonder of the ancient world that is still standing is the Pyramids of Giza which are located in Egypt near Cairo. The Pyramids were built by slaves and are 481 feet tall.

Also in this black figure painting the chest are facing forward toward the viewer just like in the egyptian wall paintings. Although Greeks created many of their own methods of doing things, they still adopted ways from the Greeks and ancient

The once unified India then entered a fragmented period and became disunified as independent states are founded. Even with disunity, India’s trade and, coinage, art, literature, and scientific advances caused the country to continue to flourish. The Maurya dynasty continued to fall after the murder of Ashoka’s great grandson Dasaratha by his general Pushyabhuti. This established the rule of the Shunga dynasty, but it wasn’t strong enough to maintain the empire. Many regions became their own independent states creating diversity with states within north, central, and south India. Even with disunity, the new states created diversity and different culture to India.

"The Cradle of Civilization "the area in the middle east, located between two rivers, Tigris and Euphrates is known as Mesopotamia. It has provided modern civilization with more than we may acknowledge. Mesopotamia was established in an area known as the fertile Crescent. The richest soil was located in the deltas at the mouths of the rivers, but the deltas were swampy and had a lot of flooding, so before they farmed the area, it needed to be drained. The land had a great crop production, as a result many people was able to be feed, so the population increased. The adoption of agriculture brought great changes in human culture. They had agriculture revolution, administrative organization, and the invention of writing was very influential to Mesopotamia civilization.

both amazing work, were made differently. but were made special, as both have an impression of balance in their own view. doryphoros (fig5.33) is a sculpture that is an ideal for s good balance design of life size model, despite being copies by romans. To figure out the right balance to create the most accurate life design sculpturing skill. the artist polykleitos put some a mathematical theory by examining the anatomy, and exploring principles of commensurability, symmetria, where parts are related to the whole. Also, he addressed rhythmos, meaning composition and movement and kanon (rules and measures), which it helps measuring the ideal design for his work(pg.126). The Parthenon is the one of the greatest land mark in history. The way it