Classical Conditioning and Monkey

Attachment theory is an emotional bond that connects one person to another. Attachment theory deals with intimacy in relationships and the impact an attachment can have across a person’s lifespan. Attachment theory usually focuses on the relationships between a child and a parent/caregiver or between partners. John Bowlby and Mary

There are two approaches to attachment; evolutionary theory and behavioural theory, and for the purposes of this essay I will focus largely on the evolutionary school of thought.

1.5 Explain key factors in the process and function of bonding and attachment The term ‘attachment’ is used by psychologists who study the child’s early relationships. An attachment is a unique emotional bond normal between a child and an adult. A theorist called John Bowlby (1970-90) had a relation to the attachment theory. In 1950s John identified that when children and

The Attachment theory is a psychological, ethological and evolutionary theory that gives a descriptive and explanatory framework of understanding interpersonal relationship between human beings. Presented by John Bowlby, the important tenet of this theory is that an infant needs to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver for social and emotional development to progress generally.

Discuss the evidence that attachment relationships in early childhood can have positive and negative consequences. Attachment is described as an "affectionate reciprocal relationship between an individual and another individual." Much psychological research has been carried out into the types of attachments that infants form with their caregivers,

Dollard and Miller suggested that classical conditioning can be used to show how babies learn to associate a particular stimuli, with a response. They implied that before attachment is formed, classical conditioning begin with an infant gaining pleasure through being fed. When the infant is fed, he associates with the primary caregiver providing him food. Over time, the infant will gain pleasure from the primary caregiver. The primary caregiver will eventually become a conditioned stimuli and pleasure will become a conditioned response. This is when the infant has learnt that the feeder provides pleasure. Soon after, attachment will be learned and

Early social development is the study of the development of persons from infancy to adulthood. Research is conducted into how childhood experiences affect people’s development in later life. Attachment theories are studied and the effect of no attachment or disrupted attachment is studied and aimed to be resolved. John Bowlby

social and psychophysical well being ( Erikson, 1963; Bowlby, 1958; Ainsworth et.al, 1978). This essay atempts to look at some of the attachment theories and researches that have been

Attachment Theory Bolwby’s attachment theory suggests that infants come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others in order to survive. He believed that most behaviors associated with attachment are instinctive and are active during conditions or situations that are threatening. The attachment theory attributes an infant’s fear of strangers to a natural survival mechanism; their crying helps ensure their caregivers awareness and proximity to them. An infant’s behaviors, such as crying, smiling, or crawling, are meant to stimulate caregiving in adults. Attachment is determined by the

How to study attachment? Harry Harlow (1958) provided us an answer by using rhesus monkeys. “Three years’ experimentation before we started our studies on affection gave us experience with the neonatal monkey. We had separated more than 60 of these animals from their mothers 6 to 12 hours after birth and suckled them on tiny bottles”. In his experiments, Harlow separated a number of hour-old infant monkeys from their mothers and then arranged these newborn monkeys to be “raised” by two

According to the attachment theory, an infant requires a good quality of attachment in order to develop physically

The Attachment Theory in Child Psychology The term "attachment" describes "an infant 's tendency to seek

The first theory I will be looking at is the learning theory. The learning theory is also called behaviourism, which says all of our behaviour is learnt because “when born our mind is 'tabula rasa ' (a blank slate).” (McLeod, 2007). The behaviourist theory of attachment was proposed by Dollard & Miller in 1950, who suggests that attachment is a set of learned behaviours linked to provision of food, and an infant will initially form an attachment to whoever feeds it as mentioned by Mcleod (2009). The way the infant is learning to associate to food and the person feeding them is through classical conditioning (CC) or operant conditioning (OC).

Attachment: A Theory of Development of Adult Relationships Kristina Mihajlovic University of Illinois at Chicago As humans, building relationships between others is a form of connecting and communicating. It is a social situation that is experienced every day through the course of a lifetime. The initial relationship that is made is between the mother and the child. This bond that connects two people is known to be called attachment. The theory of attachment begins at birth, and from that, continuing on to other relationships in family, friends, and romance. Attachment is taught through social experiences, however the relationship with the mother and her temperament are the key factors in shaping the infants attachment type, which

Exploration of Attachment Theory Fully describe the theory including the main concepts and principles Attachment theory is a concept that explores the importance of attachment in respect to direct development. “It is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space” (Bowlby, 1969; McLeod, 2009).