Classical Era Research Paper

Although classical India lacked a strong, centralized government unlike China they based their bureaucracy around religion to make up for it. Since China’s government was more complex and serious their government was well put together and strong, while in India the main religion at the time of 320 b.c.e. through 550 c.e was Hinduism which help India maintain political control where their government could not. Religion worked for classical India since most people were big believers of

Like Han China, Classical India used their social structure system as a method of political

The diversity of Indian societies varied greatly due to their political systems, religious beliefs, languages, and agricultural methods. The main differences in agriculture varied between horticulture and hunter-gatherer methods. Both are effective and each Indian society had their own twist on agriculture to best benefit themselves in their specific area. The main division in the political system was a ruling group of elders or a single male leading the group. Although the different societies lived in such a proximity to each other, they remained very different and a sense

In South Asia and Southeast Asia changes occurred due to the Indian Ocean trade network between 500 CE to 1450 CE economically, culturally, and politically. Some similarity the South Asia and the Southeast Asia contained was a strong economy by specialization as trade became more prominent. Once the Indian Ocean trade basin became more notable, culturally, religions Buddhism, and Islam, as well as adapting to some of Indian political tradition became a gradual change. Some difference is how the Southeastern Asia used their advantage with their dependency on maritime trade. As well as establishing Hindu temples as a center of economic and social means in addition to developing a more flexible caste system from India.

Although each classical civilization developed its own unique style of politics, culture and economies, the economic and social patterns in Latin America distinctly detached this civilization from any Western society, which accounted for obvious distinctions in both culture and politics. In politics, the most apparent feature of the Western Society was the creation of new political ideologies, resulting in neither an absolute or dictatorial structure. The instability of Latin American politics created a weakened structure, therefore creating limitations to regulate criminals, and landlords. Culturally, the Western Societies role of religion lost popularity, as nationalism and socialism provided competition for the church. But the

During the Classical Age we experienced the rise of the Han and Mauryan/Gupta Empire. These two empires were very different in the way they held together their people, government, and sustained a thriving empire. Methods of political control in Mauryan/Gupta India and Han china seem to have lots of differences and they are noticeably diverse yet they are still similar and unique. While the Han dynasty constructed extensive bureaucracy all over the empire, but India could not fully accomplish a strong thriving bureaucracy. However, there are also some similarities between two empires.

Classical China and India both had established and organized patriarchal society in which different gender roles had stemmed. For instance, in China the head male figure, such as a Father, was always in charge. This probably evolved from constantly respecting their elders and the role that women obtained in classical agricultural societies. India likewise, they had a strong tendency to put males in charge—in the Indian caste system, women were always at a lower rank than men. Even though they were important and respected among society, women were still encouraged to worship their husbands like gods. All of these structures that Classical India and China had standardized contributed to them being an organized patriarchal society.

The Classical period lasted from 400 – 600 BCE. There was a change in rule which affected all of India during this period. The Mauryan dynasty was pro Buddhist and extended Aryan rule to all of India. There was an increase in the number of conversions to Buddhism and Jainism. The rising number of converts caused the Hindu religion to integrate foreign elements into Hindu tradition. The scriptures of Veda was now deemed compatible with the Upanishadic teachings and added into the Vedic body of scriptures. Due to a caste system upper classes accepted the tradition of the lower class and controlled the way lower class

Another way modernization is illustrated in India is through agriculture and industry, notwithstanding the effects it had on Indians. Industry guided India to a much stronger economy, arguably guiding them to holding a spot in the top ten economies in the world (O.I). Irrigation cultivated approximately 30 million acres, awarding the country great agricultural wealth. Along with wealth also came a disappearance of the famines in India. Collectively, the country of India as a whole benefited from this modernization as it set a higher standard of living for the population.

The second wave of civilizations brought with it many important changes and additions that would shape history forever. However, one thing that didn’t change was the politics; Monarch’s continued to rule in civilizations that had them. Wisdom traditions was a new system that became the foundation of common religions. (Hinduism and Buddhism in India, Confucianism and Daoism in China, Judaism, Christianity and Islam in the Middle East, etc.) Even though they weren't as “big” of a breakthrough as agriculture, there were also many new innovations made by civilizations. An example of innovations would have been how Roman’s developed economically by building roads and implementing civil engineering in the second-third wave civilizations. The chinese

So many of the people at that time would travel two the Middle East, East Africa and in Southeast Asia through the use of monsoons which would happen frequently in the Indian subcontinent. The vast subcontinent begins to see the emergence of different states and as we also begin to see the emergence of different religions such as Brahmin Jainism and Hinduism. In the Indus River Valley we begin to see that the city-state's are being formed into kingdoms and Empires. For example the kingdom of Magadha was one of the main reasons why Mauryan Empire was established is because Chandragupta maurya took control from the kingdom of Magadha. The Indus Valley Civilization end many of those who settled on the subcontinent of India flourished because climate and resources any world large populations of humans to be able to live on the subcontinent. All in all the Southeast Asian kingdoms of the Indian subcontinent were able to flourish because the land provided them with the right resources to be able to live and religions and cultural influences were synthesized and as a result the diversity of religion and culture were across the

These emerging civilizations were much larger than the earlier ones of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley and Shang China – displaying more complex political, economic, cultural, and military organization. All civilizations traded with others and many conquered new territories. Classical civilizations include those such as Zhou and Han China, the Gupta Empire in India, and the Mediterranean civilizations of Greece and Rome.

Baroque Period, during which a few of the greatest composers on this planet were born, brought classical music onto a whole new level. The word “Baroque”, which came from the Portuguese for “the imperfect pearl”, implies strange, extravagant and overblown. Toccata, fugue, chorale, ortario, and the concerto Grosso, all of these special musical forms were created and represent this period. The six main characteristics: increased emotional expression, contrast, use of basso continuo, continued harmonic development, use of ornament, and the emphasis of improvisation, molded the unique style of music of the Baroque period.

In ancient India and China a social system was developed to separate the society into levels. This social system is called a caste system. Which caste level you belong to was determined by your occupation and family origin. If you were born the son of a king your life was grand. But, if you were born to a farmer you are a farmer for life. Your birth determines where you fall in the caste system, and you live according to the rules. Both ancient India and China had the caste system. Ancient India and China had similarities and differences in the caste system.

     India was an ancient civilization that had many rulers and empires. The first rulers were the Harappans. They ruled from 3500 BC through 1500 BC. The Aryans took over the Harappan empire around 1500 BC. Then, Alexander the Great came and took over control of India. After ruling for only a couple of years, he died. A few years later the Mauryan Empire took over. Next was the Ashoka. Finally, the Guptas ruled from 320 BC through 535 AD.